Kutheni iGraphite Rotor ingenakwenza ngaphandle kweAnti-oxidation Coating?

Kwishishini lokunyibilikisa i-aluminium kunye nokukhupha igesi kwi-aluminium enyibilikisiweyo,iirotha zegrafayithisele ziphantse zaba zizixhobo eziqhelekileyo. Iifektri ezininzi ziyazi kakuhle ukuba ngaphandle kwengubo yokulwa ne-oxidation, i-rotor iya kutyiwa ngokukhawuleza. Ngenxa yoko, "iingubo ezahlukeneyo zokulwa ne-oxidation ezinobushushu obuphezulu" ziye zagcwala kwimarike. Nangona kunjalo, xa kufikwa kwiindawo zokuvelisa, umbuzo oqhelekileyo uphakama: kutheni i-coating, ekufanele ukuba ikhusele i-graphite rotor, idla ngokuba yinxalenye yokuqala yokusilela phantsi kweemeko zobushushu obuphezulu, ixesha elide, nezinzima? Iingcali ezinamava eminyaka kwishishini le-semiconductor zihlala zidibana nemiba enjalo. Ke ngoko, ukukhetha nokusebenzisa i-graphite rotor anti-oxidation coatings ngokufanelekileyo, kubalulekile ukuqala ukuqonda iindlela zokungaphumeleli kweengubo uze emva koko uhlole indlela inkampani enobuchule ngokwenene kunyango lomphezulu wezinto ezibonakalayo enokwahluka ngayo kwiindawo eziphambili.

I. Kutheni ii-rotors ze-graphite zingenakwenza ngaphandle kwengubo yokulwa ne-oxidation?
I-Graphite ngokwayo "inobuhlobo" kakhulu kwi-aluminium enyibilikisiweyo:

• Uxinano oluphantsi kunye nobunzima obuphantsi, okunciphisa umthwalo wokudluliselwa;
• Ukumelana kakuhle nokutsha kobushushu, akusoloko kuqhekeka phantsi kobushushu obuphindaphindeneyo;
• Kulula ukuyicubungula, ivumela izakhiwo ze-rotor impeller ezintsonkothileyo ezenza kube lula ukuxukuxa kolwelo lwe-aluminium kunye nokusasazeka kwamaqamza.

Nangona kunjalo, ikwanobuthathaka obubulalayo: iya kuhlala i-oxidized kwaye ityiwe kwiindawo ezinobushushu obuphezulu kunye ne-oxygen eninzi.

Kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo zokunyibilikisa i-aluminium:

• Ubushushu be-aluminium enyibilikisiweyo buhlala buqala kwi-720–780°C, kwaye ezinye iimeko ziphezulu nangakumbi;
• Inxalenye yerotor ivezwa emoyeni wesithando, apho ioksijini kunye neemveliso zokutsha zingenakuphepheka;
• Irotor ijikeleza ngesantya esiphezulu, iveza rhoqo igrafiti entsha enobushushu obuphezulu emoyeni.

Ngaphandle kwengubo esebenzayo yokulwa ne-oxidation, i-rotor iya kubonisa:

• Iingqimba zomphezulu ziya “tsha” kancinci kancinci, kunye nokuncipha okubonakalayo kobukhulu kwiiveki okanye kwiintsuku;
• Umphezulu uba rhabaxa kwaye ube nemingxunya, nto leyo ekhokelela ekusasazekeni kwamaqamza okungalinganiyo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kokukhupha igesi;
• Umgubo oxutyiweyo kunye neenkunkuma ziyawa, zibe yimithombo yokubandakanywa kwi-aluminium enyibilikisiweyo.

Injongo yolu phawu lokulwa ne-oxidation kukunceda i-graphite imelane nalo "mlo wokuxhathisa okungapheliyo" phantsi kweemeko ezishushu kakhulu, ezigcwele ioksijini, kunye ne-aluminium enyibilikisiweyo kunye ne-slag.

II. Kutheni Iingubo Zithanda Ukusilela Kuqala Phantsi Kweemeko Ezinzima?
Kuhlalutyo lokusilela oluqhelekileyo, iimeko ezihlala zihlangana nazo zingahlulwahlulwa zibe ziimeko ezininzi eziqhelekileyo:

1. Ukungalingani Kokwanda Kobushushu: Ukwaleka Okulungileyo “Kuzikrazula”

• Indlela yokwandisa ubushushu begrafiti kunye nezinto zokugquma ezingaphiliyo yahlukile kakhulu:
• I-Graphite inamandla kakhulu kwi-anisotropic, inokwandiswa okwahlukeneyo kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo;
• Iingubo ezininzi zeseramikhi okanye zeglasi zinemilinganiselo ephezulu yokwandisa ubushushu kwaye "ziqinile" ngakumbi.

Ngexesha lokufudumeza, ukufunxa, ukuvala, kunye nokupholisa ngokuphindaphindiweyo, ezi zinto zimbini azikhuli kwaye azinciphi ngokulandelelana:

• Ii-microcracks ziqala ukubonakala kwi-coating;
• Ezi ntanda ziyaqhubeka nokwanda phantsi kokujikeleza kwerotor kunye nokucolwa kwe-aluminium enyibilikisiweyo;
• Ekugqibeleni, iindawo ezinkulu zokwaleka ziyaqhekeka, ziveze i-graphite substrate kwindawo leyo.

Xa ingaphezulu ibonakala ngathi “ikumgangatho ophantsi wokugquma,” kodwa eneneni, ukuhambelana kobushushu negrafiti akuzange kuthathwe njengomqobo ongqongqo woyilo kwinqanaba lokwenziwa kunye noyilo lwesakhiwo.
2. Iimbobo kunye neePinholes: Iitshaneli ezikhawulezayo zeOksijini kunye neAluminiyam enyibilikisiweyo
Kwezinye iingubo, isakhiwo esincinci asixinene ngokwenene:

• Ukusasazwa kobukhulu beesuntswana okungafanelekanga kushiya iimbobo ezidibeneyo emva kokutshiswa;
• Ukufakwa okungafanelanga kunye nokomisa intambo ukuya kwimingxuma yepinki kunye namaqamza avalelekileyo;
• Ukulawulwa kakubi kwendlela yokudubula kubangela ukuba iindawo ezikwindawo ezingonakaliswanga kakuhle.

Ezi ziphene ezingabonakaliyo zikhula kakhulu phantsi kweemeko ezinzima zenkonzo:

• Ioksijini ingena kwiimbobo ize iqalise ukunyibilikisa i-graphite phantsi kwengubo;
• Umaleko ongaphantsi kwengubo uyasuswa kancinci kancinci, wenze “amaqhubu” okanye imingxunya;
• Ngenye imini, phakathi kwemveliso, iqhekeza lonke lepeyinti liyaqhekeka ngequbuliso.

Okuqhele ukubonwa kwindawo leyo kukuba icala elingasemva lengubo ewileyo kunye nomphezulu wegrafiti obonakalayo sele zikhululekile kwaye zingumgubo.
3. Ukungayinaki i-Chemical Corrosion evela kwi-Molten Aluminium kunye ne-Slag
Iimeko zenkonzo eziqatha ngokwenene azipheleli nje ekushushuni okuphezulu. Zikwaquka:

• Iinkqubo ze-alloy ze-aluminium ezintsonkothileyo ezine-Mg ephezulu, i-Si ephezulu, okanye izongezo ze-rare earth;
• Iintsalela zezinto zokucocisa nezogquma ezisekelwe kwi-chloride kunye ne-fluoride;
• I-slag enamathela kumphezulu we-rotor ixesha elide.

Ukuba ifomula yokugquma igxile kuphela ekubeni "ikwazi ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu" ngelixa ingayinaki le miba yeekhemikhali, ezi ngxaki zilandelayo zinokuvela:

• Izinto ezithile zokugquma zisabela kwi-aluminium enyibilikisiweyo okanye kwi-slag, zenze amanqanaba okunyibilika okuphantsi;
• Xa idibana ixesha elide, ulusu luyathamba kancinci kancinci kwaye lugutyungelwe ziikhemikhali, umphezulu “utyiwa” kancinci kancinci;
• Umphezulu wokwaleka uba rhabaxa, intsimi yokuhamba kwamanzi iyonakala, kwaye ukusebenza kakuhle kokukhupha igesi kuyehla.

Uvavanyo lobushushu obuphezulu lwexesha elifutshane elebhu alunakuphinda luvelise iziphumo eziqokelelweyo zolu hlobo lohlaselo lweekhemikhali lwexesha elide.
4. Ukungazinzi kwenkqubo: Indlela elungileyo yokusebenzisa "isetyenziswe ngendlela engalunganga"
Enye imeko eqhelekileyo yile:

• Le ndlela ifanayo ibonisa ubomi benkonzo obahlukeneyo kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo okanye kwizityalo ezahlukeneyo;
• Ibhetshi entsha ifakwa kwaye uqweqwe luqala ukuxobuka phantse kwangoko, nto leyo enzima kwindawo yemveliso ukuyamkela.

Ukubuyela emva kwisizathu esiyintloko, iingxaki zihlala zifumaneka kwiinkcukacha zenkqubo:

• Ukulungiswa komphezulu we-substrate okunganelanga, kunye nokungcola kothuli kunye neoyile okuphazamisa ukunamathela;
• Ubukhulu bokugquma obungalinganiyo, nto leyo ebangela ukuba iindawo ezibuthathaka zingaphumeleli kuqala;
• Ulawulo olubi lobushushu bokudubula kunye nexesha lokubamba, okukhokelela kwisakhiwo esincinci sokugquma esingazinzanga.

Kwiimveliso zokugquma, ukwakheka sisiseko, kodwa ukucubungula okuzinzileyo nokulawulwa kakuhle sisiqinisekiso sokwenene sobomi benkonzo.

III. Isebenza njani inkampani eqonda ngokwenene ubuNjineli boMphezulu?

Kwinkampani yethu, ingqwalasela yexesha elide ibikubunjineli bomphezulu wezinto kunye neengubo ezisebenzayo zezinto ezinobushushu obuphezulu. Kwiimeko zokusebenza ezigqithisileyo zeerotor zegrafiti kushishino lokucocwa kwe-aluminium, sijongana nale ngxaki ukusuka kwiinkalo ezine eziphambili.

1. Ukuyila iFomulation yokuGcoba ukusuka kwiGraphite, kungekhona ukunyanzelisa iCoating kwiSubstrate

Sisoloko siqala ngohlalutyo oluneenkcukacha lwezinto ze-graphite substrate yomthengi:

• Ukuqonda ulwakhiwo lwayo lwe-pore, inqanaba loxinano, kunye nokuziphatha kokwandiswa kobushushu be-anisotropic;
• Vavanya iprofayili yobushushu bokusebenza kunye nokuphindaphinda kokujikeleza kobushushu;
• Hlanganisa oku ne-rotor geometry ukuze ubone iindawo ezixinezelekileyo kakhulu kunye neendawo ezigugileyo.

Ngokwale ndlela, senza uyilo olujolise ekuqulunqweni kwengubo:

• Lawula i-coefficient yokwandiswa kobushushu iyonke yengubo ukuze isondele kakhulu kwi-graphite;
• Sebenzisa inkqubo edibeneyo enezigaba ezininzi ukulinganisela ukuqina nokuqina;
• Lungisa ubukhulu bengubo kunye nolwakhiwo lwemaleko kwiindawo ezixinezelekileyo kakhulu ukuze unciphise umngcipheko wokuqhekeka.

Esikunikayo asikokuba “ngumbala omnye wombala wonke,” kodwa sisisombululo esipheleleyo esakhelwe kwi-grafayithi substrate.

2. Ukulawula ulwakhiwo lweMicros: Ukwenza ulusu lube “luxineneyo” ngokwenene, kungabi “luqinileyo emehlweni” kuphela

Ukujongana neembobo kunye neengxobo zepin, sisebenza ngaxeshanye kwizinto eziluhlaza kunye namacala enkqubo:

• Lungiselela ukusasazwa kobungakanani bamasuntswana kunye nomxholo oqinileyo ukuze ulwelo lube yisakhiwo esiqhubekayo nesixineneyo emva kokusila;
• Lawula ukomisa kunye nokudubula iigophe ngaphakathi kwefestile yenkqubo echaziweyo ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi kunye nokuqhekeka okuncinci;
• Yenza i-cross-section metallography, imilinganiselo ye-porosity, kunye novavanyo lokunamathela kwiibhetshi ezibalulekileyo, uvumele idatha izithethele.

Phantsi kweemeko ezinzima zenkonzo, oku kuthetha ukuba:

• Nokuba imeko yendawo igugile, ulusu ludla ngokuba luncinci kancinci kunokuba luqhekeke lube ziiflegi ezinkulu;
• Uluhlu lotshintsho lobomi benkonzo lunciphile kakhulu, nto leyo eyenza kube lula ukucwangciswa kwenkqubo kunye nokucwangciswa kokugcinwa kwayo.

3. Uyilo lokumelana nokugqwala kwiiNkqubo ze-aluminium ezinyibilikisiweyo kunye ne-Slag
Senza uvavanyo olulungiselelwe wena lokumelana nokugqwala ngokusekelwe kwiinkqubo ze-aluminium alloy kunye nezixhobo ezincedisayo zomsebenzisi ngamnye:

• Yenza uvavanyo lokuntywiliselwa kwi-alloys ye-aluminium ene-magnesium ephezulu kunye ne-silicon ephezulu ngokwahlukeneyo;
• Linganisa iindawo ezineentsalela ze-arhente zokucokisa kunye nokugubungela ukuvavanya ukuzinza kweekhemikhali kwengubo;
• Lungisa izinto eziqulunqiweyo ukuze unciphise umngcipheko wokuba kubekho izigaba ezinyibilikayo okanye ezibuthathaka phakathi kwengubo kunye ne-aluminium enyibilikisiweyo.

Ngokwembono yomsebenzisi, iingenelo ziyabonakala kakhulu:

• Imingxunya "enyibilikisiweyo" yendawo kumphezulu we-rotor ayisekho;
• I-slag ayinakwenzeka ukuba itshise kakhulu kumphezulu we-coating, nto leyo enciphisa ubunzima bokucoca;
• Ukucoceka kwe-aluminiyam enyibilikisiweyo kuya kuzinza ngakumbi, kwaye ukuxinana kwegesi kunye neziphene zokufakwa kwezinto ezisetyenziswa kwi-castings esezantsi ziyancitshiswa.

4. Ukuzisa Uzinzo lweNkqubo kuLawulo loMgangatho, Kungekuko nje ukuyishiya kwiPhepha leDatha
Kwimveliso, siphatha unyango lwangaphambi komphezulu, ukusetyenziswa kwengubo, kunye nokudubula njengekhonkco lenkqubo enye edibeneyo:

• Inkqubo yokucoca kunye nokulungisa i-substrate esemgangathweni ukuqinisekisa "i-anchor" ethembekileyo yokwambathisa;
• Ukukhetha indlela efanelekileyo yokufaka (ukudipha, ukutshiza, okanye ukuxubha) ngokwejiyometri yerotor, ngolawulo lobukhulu obungaphakathi komgca;
• Ukurekhoda nokulandelela ubushushu besithando, umoya, amazinga okufudumeza kunye nokupholisa ukuqinisekisa ukuhambelana kwebhetshi nganye.

Kwangaxeshanye, sizama ukuphucula okuqhubekayo ngokusekelwe kwingxelo yentsimi:

• Yenza uhlalutyo olujikelezayo rhoqo kwiirotor ezibuyisiweyo, ezingaphumelelanga ukuze uchonge indawo yokwenyani yokusilela kunye nendlela yokusebenza;
• Yondla ezi ziphumo zohlalutyo kwakhona ekuqulunqweni nasekusetyenzisweni kakuhle kwenkqubo, endaweni yokuyenza nje ibe nkulu okanye "iyenze ibe nzima."