Inkqubo yokulungiselela izinto ezidityanisiweyo ze-carbon fiber

Isishwankathelo sezinto ezidityanisiweyo zeCarbon-Carbon

Izinto ezidityanisiweyo zekhabhoni/khabhoni (C/C)sisixhobo esidityanisiweyo se-carbon fiber esineempawu ezininzi ezintle ezifana namandla aphezulu kunye ne-modulus, umxhuzulane wokukhanya, i-coefficient encinci yokwandiswa kobushushu, ukumelana nokugqwala, ukumelana nokutshayiswa kobushushu, ukumelana nokungqubana okuhle, kunye nokuzinza okuhle kweekhemikhali. Luhlobo olutsha lwezinto ezidityanisiweyo zobushushu obuphezulu kakhulu.

Izinto ezidityanisiweyo ze-C/Csisixhobo sobunjineli esidibeneyo esisebenza kakuhle kakhulu kwisakhiwo sobushushu. Njengezinye izixhobo ezidityanisiweyo ezisebenzayo, sisakhiwo esidityanisiweyo esenziwe ngesigaba esiqinisiweyo sefayibha kunye nesigaba esisisiseko. Umahluko kukuba zombini isigaba esiqinisiweyo kunye nesigaba esisisiseko zenziwe ngekhabhoni ecocekileyo eneempawu ezikhethekileyo.

Izinto ezidityanisiweyo zekhabhoni/khabhoniZenziwe kakhulu nge-carbon felt, ilaphu lekhabhoni, i-carbon fiber njenge-reinforcement, kunye ne-vapor deposited carbon njenge-matrix, kodwa inento enye kuphela, eyi-carbon. Ukuze kwandiswe uxinano, i-carbon eveliswa yi-carbonization ifakwa kwi-carbon okanye ifakwe i-resin (okanye i-asphalt), oko kukuthi, izinto ezidityanisiweyo zekhabhoni/khabhoni zenziwe ngezinto ezintathu zekhabhoni.

Inkqubo yokuvelisa izinto ezidityanisiweyo zekhabhoni-khabhoni

1) Ukukhetha ifayibha yekhabhoni

Ukukhethwa kweebhanti ze-carbon fiber kunye noyilo lwesakhiwo seempahla zefayibha sisiseko sokwenziwaI-C/C edityanisiweyoIimpawu zoomatshini kunye neempawu ze-thermophysical ze-C/C composites zinokumiselwa ngokukhetha ngokwengqiqo iintlobo zefayibha kunye neeparamitha zokuluka zelaphu, ezinje ngokulungelelaniswa kwebhanti yentambo yentambo, isithuba sebhanti yentambo yentambo, umxholo womthamo webhanti yentambo yentambo, njl.njl.

2) Ukulungiswa kwe-preform ye-carbon fiber

I-preform yefayibha yekhabhoni ibhekisa kwindawo engenanto eyenziwe yaba yimo yesakhiwo esifunekayo sefayibha ngokwemilo yemveliso kunye neemfuno zokusebenza ukuze kuqhutywe inkqubo yoxinano. Kukho iindlela ezintathu eziphambili zokucubungula iindawo zesakhiwo ezenziwe kwangaphambili: ukuluka okuthambileyo, ukuluka okuqinileyo kunye nokuluka okuxutyiweyo okuthambileyo nokuqinileyo. Iinkqubo eziphambili zokuluka zezi: ukuluka intambo eyomileyo, ulungiselelo lweqela lentonga efakwe kwangaphambili, ukubhoboza ukuluka okucolekileyo, ukujija ifayibha kunye nokuluka okubanzi okunemilinganiselo emithathu. Okwangoku, inkqubo ephambili yokuluka esetyenziswa kwizixhobo ze-C ezidityanisiweyo kukuluka okubanzi okunemilinganiselo emithathu. Ngexesha lenkqubo yokuluka, zonke iifayibha ezilukiweyo zicwangciswe kwicala elithile. Ifayibha nganye icwangciswa kwikona ethile kwicala layo kwaye idityaniswe ukuze kwenziwe ilaphu. Uphawu lwayo kukuba inokwenza ilaphu elibanzi elinomlinganiselo wesithathu, elinokulawula ngokufanelekileyo umxholo womthamo weefayibha kwicala ngalinye lezinto ze-C/C ezidityanisiweyo, ukuze izinto ze-C/C ezidityanisiweyo zibe neepropati ezifanelekileyo zoomatshini kuzo zonke iindlela.

3) Inkqubo yoxinano lwe-C/C

Ubungakanani kunye nokusebenza kakuhle koxinano zichaphazeleka kakhulu bulwakhiwo lwelaphu kunye neeparamitha zenkqubo zezinto ezisisiseko. Iindlela zenkqubo ezisetyenziswayo ngoku ziquka ukufakelwa kwekhabhoni, ukufakwa komphunga wekhemikhali (CVD), ukufakwa komphunga wekhemikhali (CVI), ukufakwa kolwelo lwekhemikhali, i-pyrolysis kunye nezinye iindlela. Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zeendlela zenkqubo: inkqubo yokufakelwa kwekhabhoni kunye nenkqubo yokufakwa komphunga wekhemikhali.

Ukufakelwa kwesigaba solwelo-i-carbonization

Indlela yokufaka ulwelo kwisigaba solwelo ilula kakhulu kwizixhobo kwaye inokusetyenziswa ngokubanzi, ngoko ke indlela yokufaka ulwelo kwisigaba solwelo yindlela ebalulekileyo yokulungiselela izinto ezidityanisiweyo ze-C/C. Kukuntywilisela i-preform eyenziwe nge-carbon fiber kwi-liquid impregnant, kwaye wenze i-impregnant ingene ngokupheleleyo kwi-voids ye-preform ngokucinezela, uze emva koko udlule kuthotho lweenkqubo ezifana nokunyanga, i-carbonization, kunye ne-graphitization, ekugqibeleni ifumaneke.Izixhobo ezidityanisiweyo ze-C/C. Ingxaki yayo kukuba ithatha imijikelo yokufunxa ngokuphindaphindiweyo kunye ne-carbonization ukuze kufezekiswe iimfuno zoxinano. Ukwakheka kunye nolwakhiwo lwe-impregnant kwindlela yokufunxa ngesigaba solwelo kubaluleke kakhulu. Ayichaphazeli kuphela ukusebenza kakuhle koxinano, kodwa ikwachaphazela neempawu zoomatshini kunye nezomzimba zemveliso. Ukuphucula isivuno se-carbonization se-impregnant kunye nokunciphisa i-viscosity ye-impregnant bekusoloko kungomnye wemiba ephambili ekufuneka isonjululwe ekulungiseleleni izixhobo ze-C/C ezidityanisiweyo ngendlela yokufunxa ngesigaba solwelo. I-viscosity ephezulu kunye nesivuno esiphantsi se-carbonization se-impregnant sesinye sezizathu ezibalulekileyo zexabiso eliphezulu lezinto ze-C/C ezidityanisiweyo. Ukuphucula ukusebenza kwe-impregnant akunakuphucula kuphela ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso yezinto ze-C/C ezidityanisiweyo kunye nokunciphisa iindleko zazo, kodwa kukwaphucula neempawu ezahlukeneyo zezinto ze-C/C ezidityanisiweyo. Unyango lwe-anti-oxidation lwezinto ze-C/C ezidityanisiweyo I-carbon fiber iqala ukufunxa kwi-360°C emoyeni. I-Graphite fiber ingcono kancinci kune-carbon fiber, kwaye ubushushu bayo be-oxidation buqala ukufunxa kwi-420°C. Ubushushu be-oxidation yezinto ezidityanisiweyo ze-C/C bumalunga ne-450°C. Izinto ezidityanisiweyo ze-C/C kulula kakhulu ukuzidityanisa kwindawo enobushushu obuphezulu, kwaye izinga le-oxidation liyanda ngokukhawuleza ngokunyuka kobushushu. Ukuba akukho manyathelo okulwa ne-oxidation, ukusetyenziswa kwexesha elide kwezinto ezidityanisiweyo ze-C/C kwindawo enobushushu obuphezulu kuya kubangela iziphumo ezibi kakhulu. Ke ngoko, unyango lwe-anti-oxidation lwezinto ezidityanisiweyo ze-C/C lube yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yenkqubo yokulungiselela kwayo. Ngokwembono yetekhnoloji yokulwa ne-oxidation, inokwahlulwahlulwa ibe yitekhnoloji yangaphakathi yokulwa ne-oxidation kunye netekhnoloji yokulwa ne-oxidation.

Isigaba soMphunga weKhemikhali

Ukufakwa komphunga wekhemikhali (i-CVD okanye i-CVI) kukufaka ikhabhoni ngqo kwiimbobo zesithuba esingenanto ukuze kufezekiswe injongo yokuzalisa iimbobo nokwandisa uxinano. Ikhabhoni egciniweyo kulula ukuyilinganisa, kwaye ihambelana kakuhle nefayibha. Ayizukuncipha ngexesha lokwenziwa kwakhona kwekhabhoni njengendlela yokufunxa, kwaye iipropati zomzimba nezemishini zale ndlela zingcono. Nangona kunjalo, ngexesha lenkqubo ye-CVD, ukuba ikhabhoni ibekwe phezu komphezulu wesithuba esingenanto, iya kuthintela igesi ukuba ingasasazeki kwiimbobo zangaphakathi. Ikhabhoni ebekwe phezu komphezulu kufuneka isuswe ngomatshini kwaye emva koko kufuneka kwenziwe umjikelo omtsha wokufakwa. Kwiimveliso ezixineneyo, indlela ye-CVD ikwanazo neengxaki ezithile, kwaye umjikelo wale ndlela nawo mde kakhulu.