Ke kaʻina hana hana ʻeleko graphite

ʻO ka mea maka a me ke kaʻina hana o ka electrode graphite

ʻO ka electrode graphite kahi mea alakaʻi graphite kūpaʻa wela kiʻekiʻe i hana ʻia e ka petroleum kneading, nila coke e like me ka aggregate a me ka lanahu bitumen e like me ka mea hoʻopaʻa, i hana ʻia ma o kekahi mau kaʻina hana e like me ke kāwili ʻana, ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana, ka puhi ʻana, ka impregnation, ka graphitization a me ka hana mechanical.

He mea hoʻokele wela kiʻekiʻe koʻikoʻi ka ʻelekole graphite no ka hana kila uila. Hoʻohana ʻia ka ʻelekole graphite e hoʻokomo i ka ikehu uila i ka umu uila, a ʻo ka mahana kiʻekiʻe i hana ʻia e ke arc ma waena o ka hopena o ka ʻelekole a me ka uku e hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he kumu wela e hoʻoheheʻe i ka uku no ka hana kila. ʻO nā umu ʻai ʻē aʻe e hoʻoheheʻe i nā mea e like me ka phosphorus melemele, silicon ʻoihana, a me nā mea abrasives e hoʻohana pū i nā ʻelekole graphite ma ke ʻano he mau mea hoʻokele. Hoʻohana nui ʻia nā waiwai kino a me nā kemika maikaʻi loa a kūikawā o nā ʻelekole graphite ma nā ʻāpana ʻoihana ʻē aʻe.

ʻO nā mea maka no ka hana ʻana o nā electrodes graphite he petroleum coke, needle coke a me ka lanahu tar pitch.

He huahana paʻa lapalapa ka Petroleum Coke i loaʻa ma o ke kola ʻana i nā koena lanahu a me ka petroleum pitch. He ʻeleʻele a porous ke kala, ʻo ke kalapona ka mea nui, a he haʻahaʻa loa ka nui o ka lehu, ma lalo o 0.5%. No ka Petroleum Coke ka papa o ke kalapona maʻalahi i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia. Loaʻa i ka Petroleum Coke kahi ākea o nā hoʻohana i nā ʻoihana kemika a me nā ʻoihana metallurgical. ʻO ia ka mea maka nui no ka hana ʻana i nā huahana graphite artificial a me nā huahana kalapona no ka alumini electrolytic.

Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka coke petroleum i ʻelua ʻano: ka coke maka a me ka coke calcined e like me ka mahana o ka mālama wela. ʻO ka coke petroleum mua i loaʻa ma o ka coking lohi he nui ka nui o nā mea hoʻoheheʻe, a haʻahaʻa ka ikaika mechanical. Loaʻa ka coke calcined ma o ka calcination o ka coke maka. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā hale hoʻomaʻemaʻe ma Kina e hana wale i ka coke, a ʻo nā hana calcination e hana nui ʻia ma nā hale hana kalapona.

Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka petroleum coke i ka high sulfur coke (loaʻa ma mua o 1.5% sulfur), medium sulfur coke (loaʻa ma mua o 0.5% sulfur), a me low sulfur coke (loaʻa ma lalo o 0.5% sulfur). ʻO ka hana ʻana o nā electrodes graphite a me nā huahana graphite artificial ʻē aʻe e hana ʻia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka low sulfur coke.

ʻO ka coke nila kahi ʻano coke kiʻekiʻe me ke ʻano fibrous maopopo, ka coefficient hoʻonui wela haʻahaʻa loa a me ka graphitization maʻalahi. Ke haki ka coke, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i mau ʻāpana lahilahi e like me ke ʻano (ʻoi aku ka nui o ka lakio hiʻohiʻona ma mua o 1.75). Hiki ke ʻike ʻia kahi ʻano fibrous anisotropic ma lalo o kahi microscope polarizing, a no laila ua kapa ʻia ʻo coke nila.

ʻIke loa ʻia ke anisotropy o nā waiwai physico-mechanical o ka nila coke. Loaʻa iā ia ka conductivity uila a me ka thermal maikaʻi e like me ke kuhikuhi axis lōʻihi o ka ʻāpana, a haʻahaʻa ke coefficient o ka hoʻonui wela. I ka wā e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ai ka extrusion, hoʻonohonoho ʻia ke axis lōʻihi o ka hapa nui o nā ʻāpana i ke kuhikuhi extrusion. No laila, ʻo ka nila coke ka mea maka nui no ka hana ʻana i nā electrodes graphite mana kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole ultra-high-power. ʻO ka electrode graphite i hana ʻia he resistivity haʻahaʻa, coefficient hoʻonui wela liʻiliʻi a me ke kūpaʻa haʻalulu thermal maikaʻi.

Ua māhele ʻia ka nila coke i ka nila coke i hana ʻia me ka ʻaila i hana ʻia mai ke koena petroleum a me ka nila coke i hana ʻia me ka lanahu i hana ʻia mai nā mea maka o ka pitch lanahu i hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia.

ʻO ke kēpau lanahu kekahi o nā huahana nui o ka hana hohonu ʻana o ke kēpau lanahu. He hui ia o nā hydrocarbons like ʻole, ʻeleʻele i ka mahana kiʻekiʻe, semi-paʻa a paʻa paha i ka mahana kiʻekiʻe, ʻaʻohe kiko heheʻe paʻa, palupalu ma hope o ka hoʻomehana ʻana, a laila hoʻoheheʻe ʻia, me ka nui o 1.25-1.35 g/cm3. Wahi a kona kiko palupalu, ua māhele ʻia i ka mahana haʻahaʻa, ka mahana waena a me ka ʻasphalt wela kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ka hua ʻasphalt mahana waena he 54-56% o ke kēpau lanahu. He paʻakikī loa ka haku mele ʻana o ke kēpau lanahu, e pili ana i nā waiwai o ke kēpau lanahu a me ka nui o nā heteroatoms, a ua hoʻopilikia pū ʻia e ka ʻōnaehana hana coking a me nā kūlana hana kēpau lanahu. Nui nā ʻōkuhi no ke ʻano o ka pitch kēpau lanahu, e like me ke kiko palupalu bitumen, toluene insolubles (TI), quinoline insolubles (QI), nā waiwai coking, a me ka rheology pitch lanahu.

Hoʻohana ʻia ke kēpau lanahu ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻopaʻa a me ka impregnant i ka ʻoihana kalapona, a he hopena nui kāna hana i ke kaʻina hana a me ka maikaʻi o ka huahana o nā huahana kalapona. Hoʻohana ka asphalt mea hoʻopaʻa i ka asphalt i hoʻololi ʻia i ka mahana waena a i ʻole ka mahana waena me kahi kiko palupalu kūpono, kahi waiwai coking kiʻekiʻe, a me kahi resin β kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ka mea hoʻopaʻa he asphalt mahana waena me kahi kiko palupalu haʻahaʻa, kahi QI haʻahaʻa, a me nā waiwai rheological maikaʻi.