Zipangizo zopangira ndi njira zopangira ma electrode a graphite
Ma electrode a graphite ndi zinthu zoyendetsera graphite zomwe sizimatentha kwambiri zomwe zimapangidwa ndi mafuta okhuthala, needle coke ngati aggregate ndi bitumen ya malasha ngati binder, zomwe zimapangidwa kudzera mu njira zingapo monga kukanda, kupanga, kuwotcha, kuyikamo, graphitization ndi kukonza makina.
Ma electrode a graphite ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri choyendetsera kutentha kwambiri popanga zitsulo zamagetsi. Ma electrode a graphite amagwiritsidwa ntchito kulowetsa mphamvu zamagetsi mu ng'anjo yamagetsi, ndipo kutentha kwakukulu komwe kumapangidwa ndi arc pakati pa mapeto a electrode ndi mphamvu kumagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gwero la kutentha kusungunula mphamvu yopangira zitsulo. Ma ng'anjo ena a miyala omwe amasungunula zinthu monga phosphorous yachikasu, silicon yamafakitale, ndi abrasives amagwiritsanso ntchito ma electrode a graphite ngati zinthu zoyendetsera. Makhalidwe abwino komanso apadera a ma electrode a graphite amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kwambiri m'magawo ena amafakitale.
Zipangizo zopangira ma electrode a graphite ndi petroleum coke, needle coke ndi coal tar pitch.
Petroleum coke ndi chinthu cholimba chomwe chimayaka moto chomwe chimapezeka pogwiritsa ntchito zotsalira za malasha ndi mafuta. Mtundu wake ndi wakuda komanso woboola, chinthu chachikulu ndi kaboni, ndipo phulusa lake ndi lochepa kwambiri, nthawi zambiri sili pansi pa 0.5%. Petroleum coke ndi ya gulu la kaboni wosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito. Petroleum coke imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale a mankhwala ndi zitsulo. Ndi chinthu chachikulu chopangira zinthu zopangira graphite ndi zinthu za kaboni za aluminiyamu yamagetsi.
Coke ya petroleum ingagawidwe m'magulu awiri: coke yaiwisi ndi coke ya calcined malinga ndi kutentha kwa kutentha. Coke yakale ya petroleum yomwe imapezeka pokonza mochedwa imakhala ndi volatilities zambiri, ndipo mphamvu ya makina ndi yochepa. Coke ya calcined imapezeka pokonza calcined ya coke yaiwisi. Malo ambiri oyeretsera zinthu ku China amapanga coke yokha, ndipo ntchito za calcination zimachitika makamaka m'mafakitale a carbon.
Mafuta a coke amatha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri: high sulfure coke (yomwe ili ndi sulfure yoposa 1.5%), medium sulfure coke (yomwe ili ndi sulfure yoposa 0.5%), ndi low sulfure coke (yomwe ili ndi sulfure yochepera 0.5%). Kupanga ma electrode a graphite ndi zinthu zina zopangira graphite nthawi zambiri kumapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito low sulfure coke.
Needle coke ndi mtundu wa coke yapamwamba kwambiri yokhala ndi kapangidwe ka ulusi woonekera bwino, kutentha kochepa kwambiri komanso graphitization yosavuta. Coke ikasweka, imatha kugawidwa m'mizere yopyapyala malinga ndi kapangidwe kake (chiŵerengero cha mbali nthawi zambiri chimakhala choposa 1.75). Kapangidwe ka ulusi wa anisotropic kangawonekere pansi pa maikulosikopu yozungulira, motero imatchedwa needle coke.
Kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ya physico-mechanical ya needle coke n'koonekeratu. Ili ndi mphamvu yabwino yamagetsi ndi kutentha yomwe imagwirizana ndi njira yayitali ya tinthu tating'onoting'ono, ndipo kuchuluka kwa kutentha komwe kumawonjezeka kumakhala kochepa. Pakuumba kwa extrusion, mzere wautali wa tinthu tating'onoting'ono tambiri umayikidwa motsatira njira yotulutsira. Chifukwa chake, needle coke ndiye chinthu chofunikira kwambiri popanga ma electrode a graphite amphamvu kwambiri kapena amphamvu kwambiri. Electrode ya graphite yomwe imapangidwa imakhala ndi resistivity yochepa, kuchuluka kwa kutentha kochepa komanso kukana kutentha kwambiri.
Needle coke imagawidwa m'magulu awiri: needle coke yopangidwa ndi mafuta yopangidwa kuchokera ku mafuta otsalira ndi needle coke yopangidwa ndi malasha yopangidwa kuchokera ku zipangizo zopangira malasha zoyengedwa bwino.
Phula la malasha ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zazikulu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga phula la malasha. Ndi chisakanizo cha ma hydrocarbon osiyanasiyana, akuda pa kutentha kwakukulu, theka-lolimba kapena lolimba pa kutentha kwakukulu, palibe malo osungunuka okhazikika, ofewa pambuyo potenthedwa, kenako n’kusungunuka, ndi kuchuluka kwa 1.25-1.35 g/cm3. Malinga ndi malo ake ofewa, amagawidwa m’magawo monga kutentha kochepa, kutentha kwapakati ndi kutentha kwakukulu. Kuchuluka kwa phula la malasha pa kutentha kwapakati ndi 54-56% ya phula la malasha. Kapangidwe ka phula la malasha ndi kovuta kwambiri, komwe kumakhudzana ndi makhalidwe a phula la malasha ndi kuchuluka kwa heteroatoms, ndipo kumakhudzidwanso ndi njira yopangira coking ndi momwe coking tar imagwirira ntchito. Pali zizindikiro zambiri zofotokozera phula la malasha, monga bitumen softening point, toluene insolubles (TI), quinoline insolubles (QI), coking values, ndi coal pitch rheology.
Phula la malasha limagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chomangira komanso chopatsira mpweya m'makampani opanga mpweya, ndipo magwiridwe ake amakhudza kwambiri njira yopangira ndi khalidwe la zinthu zopangidwa ndi mpweya. Phula la binder nthawi zambiri limagwiritsa ntchito phula losinthidwa kutentha kwapakati kapena kutentha kwapakati lomwe lili ndi malo ofewa pang'ono, mtengo wokwera wa coking, ndi utomoni wapamwamba wa β. Chomangira mpweya ndi phula lotentha kwapakati lomwe lili ndi malo ofewa pang'ono, QI yotsika, komanso makhalidwe abwino a rheological.
Nthawi yotumizira: Sep-23-2019