Inqubo yokukhiqiza i-graphite electrode

Izinto zokusetshenziswa kanye nenqubo yokukhiqiza ye-graphite electrode

I-graphite electrode iyinto eqhuba i-graphite engashisi kakhulu ekhiqizwa yi-petroleum knead, i-needle coke njenge-aggregate kanye ne-coal bitumen njenge-binder, ekhiqizwa ngochungechunge lwezinqubo ezifana nokuxova, ukubumba, ukuthosa, ukufaka i-grafiti kanye nokucubungula ngomshini.

I-graphite electrode iyinto ebalulekile yokuqhuba ukushisa okuphezulu yokwenza insimbi kagesi. I-graphite electrode isetshenziselwa ukufaka amandla kagesi esithandweni sikagesi, kanti izinga lokushisa eliphezulu elikhiqizwa yi-arc phakathi kokuphela kwe-electrode kanye neshaja lisetshenziswa njengomthombo wokushisa ukuncibilikisa ishaja yokwenza insimbi. Amanye ama-ore furnaces ancibilikisa izinto ezifana ne-phosphorus ephuzi, i-silicon yezimboni, kanye nama-abrasives nawo asebenzisa ama-graphite electrode njengezinto zokuqhuba. Izakhiwo zomzimba nezamakhemikhali ezinhle kakhulu nezikhethekile zama-graphite electrodes nazo zisetshenziswa kabanzi kweminye imikhakha yezimboni.

Izinto zokusetshenziswa zokukhiqizwa kwama-electrode e-graphite yi-petroleum coke, i-needle coke kanye ne-coal tar pitch.

I-petroleum coke iwumkhiqizo oqinile ovuthayo otholakala ngokuqopha amalahle asele kanye ne-petroleum pitch. Umbala umnyama futhi unezimbobo, into eyinhloko yi-carbon, kanti okuqukethwe komlotha kuphansi kakhulu, ngokuvamile kungaphansi kuka-0.5%. I-petroleum coke ingeyesigaba se-carbon efakwe i-graphite kalula. I-petroleum coke inokusetshenziswa okubanzi embonini yamakhemikhali neyensimbi. Iwumkhiqizo oyinhloko wokukhiqiza imikhiqizo ye-graphite yokwenziwa kanye nemikhiqizo ye-carbon ye-aluminium ye-electrolytic.

I-coke ye-petroleum ingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezimbili: i-coke eluhlaza kanye ne-coke e-calcined ngokwezinga lokushisa lokwelashwa kokushisa. I-coke ye-petroleum yangaphambili etholakala ngokucola okuphuzile iqukethe inani elikhulu lama-volatile, futhi amandla omshini aphansi. I-coke e-calcined itholakala ngokucola i-coke eluhlaza. Izindawo eziningi zokucwenga eShayina zikhiqiza i-coke kuphela, futhi imisebenzi yokucola i-calcination yenziwa kakhulu ezitshalweni ze-carbon.

I-coke kaphethiloli ingahlukaniswa ibe yi-coke ye-sulfur ephezulu (equkethe i-sulfur engaphezu kuka-1.5%), i-coke ye-sulfur ephakathi (equkethe i-sulfur engu-0.5%-1.5%), kanye ne-coke ye-sulfur ephansi (equkethe i-sulfur engaphansi kuka-0.5%). Ukukhiqizwa kwama-electrode e-graphite kanye neminye imikhiqizo ye-graphite yokwenziwa ngokuvamile kukhiqizwa kusetshenziswa i-coke ye-sulfur ephansi.

I-Needle coke uhlobo lwe-coke esezingeni eliphezulu enokwakheka okusobala kwe-fibrous, i-thermal expansion coefficient ephansi kakhulu kanye ne-graphitization elula. Uma i-coke iphukile, ingahlukaniswa ibe yimichilo emincane ngokuya ngokuthungwa (isilinganiso se-aspect ngokuvamile singaphezu kuka-1.75). Isakhiwo se-anisotropic fibrous singabonakala ngaphansi kwe-microscope ehlukanisayo, ngakho-ke sibizwa ngokuthi i-needle coke.

I-anisotropy yezakhiwo ze-physico-mechanical ze-needle coke isobala kakhulu. Ine-conductivity enhle kagesi kanye ne-thermal ehambisana nesiqondiso se-axis ende ye-particle, futhi i-coefficient yokwanda kokushisa iphansi. Lapho kubumba i-extrusion, i-axis ende yezinhlayiya eziningi ihlelwe ngendlela ye-extrusion. Ngakho-ke, i-needle coke iyinto eluhlaza eyisihluthulelo yokukhiqiza ama-electrode e-graphite anamandla aphezulu noma aphezulu kakhulu. I-electrode ye-graphite ekhiqizwayo inokumelana okuphansi, i-coefficient encane yokwanda kokushisa kanye nokumelana okuhle kokushaqeka kokushisa.

I-Needle coke ihlukaniswe nge-needle coke esekelwe kumafutha ekhiqizwa kusuka ku-petroleum residue kanye ne-needle coke esekelwe kumalahle ekhiqizwa ngezinto zokusetshenziswa ze-coal pitch ehlungiwe.

I-coal tar ingenye yemikhiqizo eyinhloko yokucubungula i-coal tar deep. Iyingxube yama-hydrocarbon ahlukahlukene, amnyama ekushiseni okuphezulu, aqinile kancane noma aqinile ekushiseni okuphezulu, awanawo iphuzu lokuncibilika eliqondile, athambisa ngemva kokushisa, bese encibilika, ngobuningi obungu-1.25-1.35 g/cm3. Ngokusho kwendawo yayo yokuthambisa, ihlukaniswe nge-asphalt yokushisa okuphansi, izinga lokushisa eliphakathi kanye ne-asphalt yokushisa okuphezulu. Isivuno se-asphalt yokushisa okuphakathi singama-54-56% we-coal tar. Ukwakheka kwe-coal tar kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, okuhlobene nezakhiwo ze-coal tar kanye nokuqukethwe kwama-heteroatom, futhi kuthinteka futhi uhlelo lwenqubo yokucola kanye nezimo zokucubungula i-coal tar. Kunezinkomba eziningi zokuchaza i-coal tar pitch, njenge-bitumen softening point, i-toluene insolubles (TI), i-quinoline insolubles (QI), amanani e-coking, kanye ne-coal pitch rheology.

I-coal tar isetshenziswa njenge-binder kanye ne-inpregnant embonini yekhabhoni, futhi ukusebenza kwayo kunomthelela omkhulu enqubweni yokukhiqiza kanye nekhwalithi yomkhiqizo wemikhiqizo yekhabhoni. I-binder asphalt ngokuvamile isebenzisa i-asphalt eguquliwe enokushisa okuphakathi noma okuphakathi enendawo yokuthambisa elinganiselayo, inani eliphezulu lokubilisa, kanye ne-β resin ephezulu. I-ejenti yokufaka i-inpregnant iyi-asphalt enokushisa okuphakathi enendawo yokuthambisa ephansi, i-QI ephansi, kanye nezakhiwo ezinhle ze-rheological.