Rauemi mata me te tukanga hanga o te hiko karāhe
Ko te hiko graphite he rauemi kawe graphite ātete pāmahana teitei e hangaia ana e te pokepoke hinu, te ngira coke hei tākai me te bitumen waro hei here, e hangaia ana mā roto i te raupapa o ngā tukanga pēnei i te pokepoke, te whakakoi, te tunu, te whakakī, te whakakāwhati me te tukatuka miihini.
He rauemi kawe hiko nui te hiko karāpiti mō te hanga maitai hiko. Ka whakamahia te hiko karāpiti hei whakauru i te kaha hiko ki te oumu hiko, ā, ko te pāmahana teitei e puta mai ana i te pewa i waenganui i te pito hiko me te utu ka whakamahia hei pūtake wera hei whakarewa i te utu mō te hanga maitai. Ko ētahi atu oumu kohuke e whakarewa ana i ngā rauemi pēnei i te whūwhā kōwhai, te silicon ahumahi, me ngā mea whakakoi ka whakamahi hoki i ngā hiko karāpiti hei rauemi kawe hiko. Ko ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana me te matū pai rawa atu o ngā hiko karāpiti e whakamahia whānuitia ana hoki i roto i ētahi atu rāngai ahumahi.
Ko ngā rauemi mata mō te hanga i ngā irahiko karāhe ko te kōka hinu, te kōka ngira me te uku waro.
He hua totoka mura te kōke hinu, ka puta mai i te wā e tunua ana ngā toenga waro me te pīti hinu. He mangu te tae, he pūwero, ko te huānga matua ko te waro, ā, he iti rawa te nui o te pungarehu, i raro iho i te 0.5%. Kei roto te kōke hinu i te akomanga o te waro ngāwari te whakakāwhata. He whānuitia ngā whakamahinga o te kōke hinu i roto i ngā ahumahi matū me te whakarewa. Koinei te rauemi mata matua mō te hanga hua kāwhata horihori me ngā hua waro mō te konumohe hiko.
E rua ngā momo o te kōka hinu: te kōka mata me te kōka kua whakapūkarahia, e ai ki te pāmahana tukatuka wera. He nui ngā matū whakakorikori kei roto i te kōka hinu o mua i whiwhihia mā te whakapūkarahia whakaroa, ā, he iti te kaha ā-pūkaha. Ka whiwhihia te kōka kua whakapūkarahia mā te whakapūkarahia o te kōka mata. Ko te nuinga o ngā whare hanga hinu i Haina ka whakaputa kōka anake, ā, ko te nuinga o ngā mahi whakapūkarahia ka mahia i roto i ngā tipu waro.
Ka taea te wehewehe i te kōka hinu ki te kōka whanariki teitei (kei roto neke atu i te 1.5% te whanariki), te kōka whanariki waenga (kei roto 0.5%-1.5% te whanariki), me te kōka whanariki iti (kei roto iti iho i te 0.5% te whanariki). Ko te hanga i ngā irahiko karāpeti me ētahi atu hua karāpeti horihori ka hangaia mā te whakamahi i te kōka whanariki iti.
He momo kōke kounga teitei te kōke ngira, he mārama te kakano muka, he iti rawa te tauwehenga whānui wera, ā, he ngāwari te whakakāwhata. Ina pakaru te kōke, ka taea te wehewehe kia angiangi kia rite ki te kakano (ko te ōwehenga āhua kei runga ake i te 1.75). Ka taea te kite i tētahi hanganga muka anisotropic i raro i tētahi karuārai porowhita, nō reira ka kiia ko te kōke ngira.
He tino kitea te āhua o ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana me ā-pūkaha o te ngira kōke. He pai te kawe hiko me te kawe wera e rite ana ki te ahunga o te tuaka roa o te matūriki, ā, he iti te tauwehenga o te whānui wera. I te wā e hangaia ana te whakapūtanga, ka whakaritea te tuaka roa o te nuinga o ngā matūriki ki te ahunga whakapūtanga. Nō reira, ko te ngira kōke te rauemi mata matua mō te hanga i ngā irahiko karāhe mana-teitei, mana-tino-teitei rānei. He iti te ātete o te irahiko karāhe, he iti te tauwehenga whānui wera, ā, he pai te ātete ki te ru wera.
Kua wehea te kōka ngira ki te kōka ngira hinu i hangaia mai i ngā toenga hinu me te kōka ngira waro i hangaia mai i ngā rauemi mata o te ware waro kua parakore.
Ko te tāra waro tētahi o ngā hua matua o te tukatuka hohonu o te tāra waro. He ranunga o ngā momo warowaihā, he mangu i te pāmahana teitei, he totoka-haurua, he totoka rānei i te pāmahana teitei, kāore he ira rewa pumau, ka whakangawaritia i muri i te whakamahana, kātahi ka rewa, me te mātotoru o te 1.25-1.35 g/cm3. E ai ki tōna ira whakangawari, ka wehea ki te uku pāmahana iti, te uku pāmahana waenga me te uku pāmahana teitei. Ko te hua uku pāmahana waenga ko te 54-56% o te tāra waro. He tino uaua te hanganga o te tāra waro, e pā ana ki ngā āhuatanga o te tāra waro me te ihirangi o ngā heteroatoms, ā, ka pāngia hoki e te pūnaha tukanga tunu me ngā āhuatanga tukatuka tāra waro. He maha ngā tohu hei whakaahua i te pitch tāra waro, pērā i te ira whakangawari o te bitumen, ngā mea kore-wairewa toluene (TI), ngā mea kore-wairewa quinoline (QI), ngā uara tunu, me te rheology o te pitch waro.
E whakamahia ana te tā waro hei here me te whakakī i roto i te umanga waro, ā, he nui te pānga o tōna mahi ki te tukanga whakaputa me te kounga hua o ngā hua waro. Ko te arai here e whakamahi ana i te arai whakarerekē pāmahana-waenga, pāmahana-waenga rānei, he ira whakangawari ngawari, he uara wera teitei, me te kapia β teitei. Ko te mea whakakī he arai pāmahana-waenga he ira whakangawari iti, he QI iti, ā, he pai ngā āhuatanga rheological.
Wā tuku: Hepetema-23-2019