Zvinhu zvakasvibiswa uye maitiro ekugadzira graphite electrode
Electrode yeGraphite chinhu chinofambisa girafiti chinodzivirira kupisa kwakanyanya chinogadzirwa ne petroleum knead, needle coke se aggregate uye coal bitumen se binder, izvo zvinogadzirwa kuburikidza nemaitiro akatevedzana akadai sekukanya, kuumba, kugocha, kuisa mudumbu, graphitization uye mechanical processing.
Electrode yegrafiti chinhu chakakosha chinofambisa magetsi pakupisa kwepamusoro-soro pakugadzira simbi yemagetsi. Electrode yegrafiti inoshandiswa kuisa simba remagetsi muchoto chemagetsi, uye kupisa kwakanyanya kunogadzirwa nearc iri pakati pemagumo eelectrode nechaji kunoshandiswa senzvimbo yekupisa kunyungudutsa chaji yekugadzira simbi. Mamwe maore ore anonyungudutsa zvinhu zvakaita seyero phosphorus, industrial silicon, uye abrasives anoshandisawo ma graphite electrodes sezvinhu zvinofambisa magetsi. Hunhu hwakanaka uye hwakakosha hwe physical uye chemical hwema graphite electrodes hunoshandiswawo zvakanyanya mune mamwe maindasitiri.
Zvinhu zvekugadzira ma electrode e graphite i petroleum coke, needle coke uye coal tar pitch.
Petroleum coke chigadzirwa chakasimba chinobvira moto chinowanikwa ne coking coal residue uye petroleum pitch. Ruvara rwayo rutema uye rune maburi, chinhu chikuru icarbon, uye dota rayo rakaderera zvikuru, kazhinji riri pasi pe0.5%. Petroleum coke iri muboka re graphised carbon. Petroleum coke ine mashandisirwo akasiyana-siyana mumaindasitiri emakemikari nesimbi. Ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa kugadzira zvigadzirwa zve graphite zvekugadzira uye zvigadzirwa zve carbon zve electrolytic aluminum.
Coke yepetroleum inogona kukamurwa kuita mhando mbiri: coke isina kugadzirwa (raw coke) necoke ine calcium zvichienderana nekupisa kwekupisa. Coke yekare yepetroleum inowanikwa ne coking yakanonoka ine huwandu hwakawanda hwemhepo inoputika, uye simba remuchina rakaderera. Coke ine calcium inowanikwa ne calcination yecoke isina kugadzirwa (raw coke). Mazhinji emafekitori muChina anogadzira coke chete, uye mabasa e calcination anowanzoitwa mumiti ine carbon.
Coke yepetroleum inogona kukamurwa kuita coke ine sulfur yakawanda (ine inopfuura 1.5% sarufa), coke ye sulfur yepakati (ine 0.5%-1.5% sarufa), uye coke ye sulfur yakaderera (ine isingasviki 0.5% sarufa). Kugadzirwa kwema electrodes e graphite nezvimwe zvigadzirwa zve graphite zvekugadzira zvinowanzogadzirwa uchishandisa coke ine sulfur shoma.
Needle coke rudzi rwe coke yemhando yepamusoro ine magadzirirwo akajeka e fibrous, thermal expansion coefficient yakaderera uye graphitization iri nyore. Kana coke yapwanyika, inogona kupatsanurwa kuita mitsetse mitete zvichienderana nemagadzirirwo (aspect ratio inowanzo kuve pamusoro pe 1.75). Chimiro che anisotropic fibrous chinogona kuonekwa pasi pe polarizing microscope, uye nekudaro chinonzi needle coke.
Hunhu hwe anisotropy hwe physico-mechanical ye needle coke hunoonekwa pachena. Ine magetsi akanaka uye kupisa kwakaenzana negwara refu re particle, uye coefficient yekuwedzera kwekupisa yakaderera. Pakuumbwa kwe extrusion, axis refu yezvikamu zvakawanda inorongwa munzira ye extrusion. Saka, needle coke ndiyo chinhu chakakosha pakugadzira ma electrodes e graphite ane simba guru kana ultra-high-power. Electrode ye graphite inogadzirwa ine resistivity yakaderera, thermal expansion coefficient diki uye thermal shock resistance yakanaka.
Needle coke yakakamurwa kuita needle coke yakagadzirwa nemafuta inogadzirwa kubva mumafuta akasara uye needle coke yakagadzirwa nemarasha inogadzirwa kubva muzvinhu zvakacheneswa zvemarasha.
Tar yemarasha ndeimwe yezvigadzirwa zvikuru zvekugadzirisa tar yemarasha zvakadzama. Imusanganiswa wemahydrocarbon akasiyana-siyana, matema pakupisa kwakanyanya, hafu-yakasimba kana yakasimba pakupisa kwakanyanya, isina nzvimbo yakanyunguduka yakatarwa, inonyoroveswa mushure mekudziya, yozonyunguduka, ine density ye1.25-1.35 g/cm3. Zvichienderana nenzvimbo yayo yekunyorovesa, yakakamurwa kuita asphalt yekupisa kwakaderera, tembiricha yepakati uye tembiricha yepamusoro. Goho reasphalt yekupisa kwepakati nepakati i54-56% yetar yemarasha. Kuumbwa kwetar yemarasha kwakaoma zvikuru, izvo zvine chekuita nehunhu hwetar yemarasha uye huwandu hweheteroatoms, uye zvinokanganiswawo nehurongwa hwekugadzirisa coking uye mamiriro ekugadzirisa coal tar. Kune zviratidzo zvakawanda zvekutsanangura coal tar pitch, zvakaita sebitumen softening point, toluene insolubles (TI), quinoline insolubles (QI), coking values, uye coal pitch rheology.
Tar yemarasha inoshandiswa semusanganiswa uye inoisa simbi mumaindasitiri ekabhoni, uye mashandiro ayo ane simba guru pakugadzirwa uye kunaka kwechigadzirwa chekabhoni. Asphalt yemusanganiswa inowanzo shandisa asphalt yakagadziriswa yepakati nepakati kana tembiricha yepakati ine poindi yekunyorovesa iri pakati nepakati, kukosha kwayo kwakanyanya, uye resin ine β yakawanda. Iyo inoisa simbi iasphalt yepakati nepakati ine poindi yekunyorovesa iri pasi, QI yakaderera, uye hunhu hwakanaka hwerheological.
Nguva yekutumira: Gunyana-23-2019