Iwafa yesilicon

Iwafa yesilicon

evela kwi-sitronic

Ai-wafersisilayi sesilicon esimalunga ne-1 millimeter ubukhulu esinomphezulu othe tyaba kakhulu ngenxa yeenkqubo ezifuna kakhulu ubuchwepheshe. Ukusetyenziswa okulandelayo kumisela ukuba yeyiphi inkqubo yokukhulisa ikristale ekufuneka isetyenziswe. Kwinkqubo yeCzochralski, umzekelo, i-polycrystalline silicon iyanyibilika kwaye ikristale yembewu ebhityileyo ifakwa kwi-silicon enyibilikisiweyo. Ikristale yembewu emva koko iyajikeleziswa kwaye itsalwe kancinci phezulu. I-colossus enzima kakhulu, i-monocrystal, iphumela. Kunokwenzeka ukukhetha iimpawu zombane ze-monocrystal ngokongeza iiyunithi ezincinci zee-dopants ezicocekileyo kakhulu. Iikristale ziyaxutywa ngokuhambelana neenkcukacha zomthengi kwaye emva koko zicoliwe kwaye zinqunyulwe zibe ziingceba. Emva kwamanyathelo ahlukeneyo okuvelisa, umthengi ufumana ii-wafers zakhe ezichaziweyo kwiphakheji ekhethekileyo, evumela umthengi ukuba asebenzisei-waferngoko nangoko kumgca wayo wemveliso.

Namhlanje, inxalenye enkulu yee-silicon monocrystals ikhuliswa ngokwenkqubo yeCzochralski, ebandakanya ukunyibilikisa i-polycrystalline high-purity silicon kwi-hyperpure quartz crucible kunye nokongeza i-dopant (ngesiqhelo i-B, i-P, i-As, i-Sb). I-crystal encinci, yembewu ye-monocrystalline ifakwa kwi-silicon enyibilikisiweyo. I-CZ crystal enkulu emva koko iphuhliswa kule kristali incinci. Ulawulo oluchanekileyo lobushushu kunye nokuhamba kwe-silicon enyibilikisiweyo, ukujikeleza kwe-crystal kunye ne-crucible, kunye nesantya sokutsala i-crystal kubangela i-silicon ingot ekumgangatho ophezulu kakhulu.