SiC single crystal ndi gulu la semiconductor la Group IV-IV lomwe limapangidwa ndi zinthu ziwiri, Si ndi C, mu chiŵerengero cha stoichiometric cha 1:1. Kulimba kwake ndi kwachiwiri kwa diamondi.
Njira yochepetsera kaboni ya silicon oxide pokonzekera SiC imadalira kwambiri njira yotsatirayi ya mankhwala:
Njira yochitira zinthu pochepetsa kaboni wa silicon oxide ndi yovuta kwambiri, momwe kutentha kwa zinthuzo kumakhudza mwachindunji chinthu chomaliza.
Pokonzekera silicon carbide, zinthu zopangira zimayikidwa kaye mu ng'anjo yolimbana ndi kukana. Ng'anjo yolimbana ndi kukana imakhala ndi makoma kumapeto onse awiri, ndi electrode ya graphite pakati, ndipo pakati pa ng'anjo imalumikiza ma electrode awiriwa. M'mphepete mwa pakati pa ng'anjo, zinthu zopangira zomwe zimagwira ntchito mu reaction zimayikidwa kaye, kenako zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poteteza kutentha zimayikidwa m'mphepete mwa ng'anjo. Pamene kusungunula kumayamba, ng'anjo yolimbana ndi kukana imapatsidwa mphamvu ndipo kutentha kumakwera kufika madigiri 2,600 mpaka 2,700 Celsius. Mphamvu yamagetsi yotentha imasamutsidwira ku charge kudzera pamwamba pa ng'anjo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti itenthedwe pang'onopang'ono. Kutentha kwa charge kukapitirira madigiri 1450 Celsius, kumachitika mankhwala omwe amapanga silicon carbide ndi mpweya wa carbon monoxide. Pamene njira yosungunula ikupitirira, malo otentha kwambiri mu charge amakula pang'onopang'ono, ndipo kuchuluka kwa silicon carbide yopangidwa kudzawonjezekanso. Silicon carbide imapangidwa mosalekeza mu ng'anjo, ndipo kudzera mu nthunzi ndi kuyenda, makristasi amakula pang'onopang'ono ndipo pamapeto pake amasonkhana kukhala makristasi ozungulira.
Gawo la khoma lamkati la kristalo limayamba kuwola chifukwa cha kutentha kwakukulu kopitilira madigiri 2,600 Celsius. Chinthu cha silicon chomwe chimapangidwa ndi kuwola chidzagwirizananso ndi chinthu cha carbon chomwe chili mu charge kuti chipange silicon carbide yatsopano.
Pamene mankhwala a silicon carbide (SiC) atha ndipo ng'anjo yazizira, sitepe yotsatira ingayambe. Choyamba, makoma a ng'anjo amachotsedwa, kenako zinthu zopangira mu ng'anjo zimasankhidwa ndikuyikidwa mu magawo osiyanasiyana. Zinthu zopangira zomwe zasankhidwa zimaphwanyidwa kuti zipeze zinthu zopangira zomwe tikufuna. Kenako, zinthu zosafunika mu zinthu zopangira zimachotsedwa kudzera m'madzi otsukidwa kapena kutsukidwa ndi asidi ndi alkali, komanso kulekanitsa maginito ndi njira zina. Zinthu zopangira zotsukidwa ziyenera kuumitsidwa kenako nkuziikanso, ndipo pamapeto pake ufa wa silicon carbide woyera ungapezeke. Ngati pakufunika, ufa uwu ukhoza kukonzedwanso malinga ndi momwe umagwiritsidwira ntchito, monga kupanga kapena kupukuta bwino, kuti upange ufa wa silicon carbide wabwino kwambiri.
Masitepe enieni ndi awa:
(1) Zipangizo zopangira
Ufa wobiriwira wa silicon carbide umapangidwa pophwanya silicon carbide yobiriwira yolimba kwambiri. Kapangidwe ka mankhwala a silicon carbide kayenera kukhala kopitilira 99%, ndipo carbon ndi iron oxide yaulere ziyenera kukhala zosakwana 0.2%.
(2) Wosweka
Kuphwanya mchenga wa silicon carbide kukhala ufa wosalala, njira ziwiri zikugwiritsidwa ntchito ku China, imodzi ndi kuphwanya migolo yonyowa nthawi ndi nthawi, ndipo ina ndi kuphwanya pogwiritsa ntchito migolo ya ufa wotuluka mumlengalenga.
(3) Kulekanitsa kwa maginito
Kaya njira yogwiritsira ntchito ikugwiritsidwa ntchito pophwanya ufa wa silicon carbide kukhala ufa wosalala, nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pogawa maginito onyowa ndi makina opangidwa ndi maginito. Izi zili choncho chifukwa chakuti palibe fumbi panthawi yogawa maginito onyowa, zinthu zamaginito zimalekanitsidwa kwathunthu, chinthucho pambuyo pa kupatukana kwa maginito chimakhala ndi chitsulo chochepa, ndipo ufa wa silicon carbide womwe umachotsedwa ndi zinthu zamaginito nawonso ndi wochepa.
(4) Kulekanitsa madzi
Mfundo yaikulu ya njira yolekanitsira madzi ndikugwiritsa ntchito liwiro losiyana la tinthu ta silicon carbide tokhala ndi mainchesi osiyanasiyana m'madzi kuti tipange kusanja kukula kwa tinthu.
(5) Kuwunika kwa ma ultrasound
Ndi chitukuko cha ukadaulo wa ultrasonic, yagwiritsidwanso ntchito kwambiri poyesa ukadaulo wa micro-powder, womwe ungathetse mavuto oyesa monga kulowetsedwa kwamphamvu, kusakanikirana kosavuta, magetsi ambiri osasinthasintha, kupyapyala kwambiri, kuchuluka kwakukulu, komanso mphamvu yokoka ya kuwala.
(6) Kuyang'anira khalidwe
Kuwunika ubwino wa ufa wa micropowder kumaphatikizapo kapangidwe ka mankhwala, kukula kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono ndi zinthu zina. Kuti mudziwe njira zowunika ndi miyezo ya khalidwe, chonde onani "Mikhalidwe Yaukadaulo ya Silicon Carbide."
(7) Kupanga fumbi lopera
Ufa wochepa ukayikidwa m'magulu ndi kufufuzidwa, mutu wa zinthuzo ungagwiritsidwe ntchito kukonza ufa wopukusira. Kupanga ufa wopukusira kungathandize kuchepetsa zinyalala ndikukulitsa unyolo wa zinthu.
Nthawi yotumizira: Meyi-13-2024