1 Ikoreshwa n'ubushakashatsi ku iterambere rya silikoni karuboni mu bikoresho by'ubushyuhe bwa karuboni/karuboni
1.1 Iterambere ry'ishyirwa mu bikorwa n'ubushakashatsi mu gutegura crucible
Mu murima w'ubushyuhe bwa kristu imwe,ikigega cya karuboni/karuboniikoreshwa cyane cyane nk'igikoresho cyo gutwaramo ibikoresho bya silikoni kandi ihura n'ibintuicyuma gikozwe muri quartz, nk'uko bigaragara ku Ishusho ya 2. Ubushyuhe bw'imikorere y'icyuma gishyushya karubone/karubone ni hafi 1450°C, gihura n'ihungabana ry'ingufu ebyiri za silikoni ikomeye (silikoni dioxyde) n'umwuka wa silikoni, amaherezo icyuma gishyushya kikagabanuka cyangwa kikagira umuvuduko w'impeta, bigatuma icyuma gishyushya kikananirwa.
Igikoresho cyo gutwikira karuboni/karuboni cyakozwe hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo gusohora umwuka w’ibinyabutabire hamwe n’uburyo bwo gukora ibintu mu buryo burimo umwuka. Igikoresho cyo gutwikira cyari kigizwe n’igikoresho cyo gutwikira karuboni (100 ~ 300μm), igikoresho cyo gutwikira karuboni (10 ~ 20μm) n’igikoresho cyo gutwikira karuboni (50 ~ 100μm), byashoboraga gukumira kwangirika k’umwuka w’ikaruboni ku buso bw’imbere bw’igikoresho cyo gutwikira karuboni/karuboni. Mu ikorwa, igihombo cy’igikoresho cyo gutwikira karuboni/karuboni cyakozwe muri icyo gikoresho ni 0.04 mm kuri buri itanura, kandi igihe cyo gukora gishobora kugera ku nshuro 180 z’itanura.
Abashakashatsi bakoresheje uburyo bwo gukora isesengura ry’imiti kugira ngo bakore irangi rya silikoni rya karuboni ku buso bw’ikirahure cya karuboni/karuboni mu bihe bimwe na bimwe by’ubushyuhe no kurinda umwuka utwara, bakoresheje silikoni dioxyde na silikoni nk'ibikoresho fatizo mu itanura rishyuha cyane. Ibisubizo bigaragaza ko uburyo bwo kuvura ubushyuhe bwinshi butanoza gusa ubuziranenge n'imbaraga z'ikirahure cya sic, ahubwo binanoza cyane uburyo ubuso bw'ikirahure cya karuboni/karuboni budashobora kwangirika, kandi bikarinda kwangirika k'ubuso bw'ikirahure bitewe n'umwuka wa SiO n'atome za ogisijeni zihindagurika mu itanura rya silikoni rya monocrystal. Ubuzima bw'ikirahure bwiyongereyeho 20% ugereranije n'ubw'ikirahure kidafite irangi rya sic.
1.2 Iterambere ry'ikoreshwa n'ubushakashatsi mu muyoboro w'amazi
Silinda iyobora iri hejuru y'icyuma gikurura (nk'uko bigaragara ku Ishusho ya 1). Mu gihe cyo gukurura kristu, itandukaniro ry'ubushyuhe hagati y'imbere n'inyuma y'umurima ni rinini, cyane cyane ubuso bwo hasi bwegereye ibikoresho bya silikoni yashongeshejwe, ubushyuhe ni bwo bwinshi cyane, kandi ingese iterwa n'umwuka wa silikoni ni yo ikomeye cyane.
Abashakashatsi bavumbuye inzira yoroshye kandi irwanya ogisijeni neza y’uburyo bwo gusiga no gutegura umuyoboro w’ubuyobozi. Ubwa mbere, urwego rwa silicon carbide whisker rwatewe ku gice cy’umuyoboro w’ubuyobozi, hanyuma hategurwa urwego rwo hanze rwa silicon carbide, bityo hakorwa urwego rw’impinduka rwa SiCw hagati ya matrix n’urwego rwo hejuru rwa silicon carbide, nk’uko bigaragara ku Ishusho ya 3. Igipimo cyo kwaguka k’ubushyuhe cyari hagati ya matrix na silicon carbide. Bishobora kugabanya neza umuvuduko w’ubushyuhe uterwa no kudahuza kwa coefficient yo kwaguka k’ubushyuhe.
Isesengura ryerekana ko uko ingano ya SiCw yiyongera, ingano n'umubare w'imyanya mu gipfundikizo bigabanuka. Nyuma y'amasaha 10 yo gushonga mu mwuka wa 1100 ℃, igipimo cyo kugabanya ibiro by'icyitegererezo cyo gushonga ni 0.87% ~ 8.87% gusa, kandi ubudahangarwa bw'ibyuka n'ubushyuhe bw'igipfundikizo cya silicon carbide birarushaho kuba byiza. Uburyo bwose bwo gutegura burangira buri gihe hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo gushyira umwuka mu kirere, gutegura silicon carbide byoroshye cyane, kandi imikorere yose y'umunwa wose irakomera.
Abashakashatsi batanze uburyo bwo gukomeza matrix no gusiga hejuru y'umuyoboro wa grafiti uyobora silicon ya czohr monocrystal. Uduce twa silikoni twabonetse twasizwe ku buso bwa grafiti uyobora uburebure bufite ubugari bwa 30 ~ 50 μm hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo gusiga brush cyangwa spray, hanyuma dushyirwa mu itanura rishyushye cyane kugira ngo habeho reaction in-situde, ubushyuhe bwa reaction bwari 1850 ~ 2300 ℃, naho ubushyuhe bugabikwa amasaha 2 ~ 6. Urukuta rwo hanze rwa SiC rushobora gukoreshwa mu itanura rya 24 in (60.96 cm) rimwe rya crystal growth, kandi ubushyuhe bwo gukoreshwa ni 1500 ℃, kandi byagaragaye ko nta pfundo ryacitse cyangwa rigwa ku buso bwa graphite uyobora uburebure nyuma ya 1500h.
1.3 Iterambere ry'ikoreshwa n'ubushakashatsi mu gukingira insinga
Nk'imwe mu ngingo z'ingenzi za sisitemu y'ubushyuhe ya silikoni imwe ikoresha ubushyuhe, silindiri y'ubushyuhe ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu kugabanya ubushyuhe no kugenzura ubushyuhe bw'ikirere cy'ubushyuhe. Nk'igice gishyigikira urwego rw'imbere rw'urukuta rw'itanura rimwe rya kristu, ingese y'umwuka wa silikoni ituma ibicuruzwa bigwa nabi kandi bigacika, amaherezo bigatuma ibicuruzwa binanirwa gukora neza.
Kugira ngo barusheho kunoza uburyo umuyoboro wa C/C-sic urwanya ingese mu mwuka wa silicon, abashakashatsi bashyize ibikoresho bya C/C-sic byateguwe mu itanura ry’umwuka wa chemical, banategura irangi rya silicon carbide ku buso bw’ibikoresho bya C/C-sic byashyizwe mu mwuka wa chemical. Ibisubizo bigaragaza ko, iyi gahunda ishobora gukumira ingese ya carbon fibre ku gice cy’imbere cya C/C-sic cyashyizwe mu mwuka wa silicon, kandi uburyo umuyoboro wa silicon urwanya ingese bwiyongeraho inshuro 5 kugeza ku 10 ugereranije n’uburyo bwa karuboni/karuboni, kandi ubuzima bwa silinda y’ubushyuhe n’umutekano w’ikirere cy’ubushyuhe birarushaho kuba byiza.
2. Umwanzuro n'icyitegererezo
Igipfukisho cya silicon carbideikoreshwa cyane mu bikoresho by’ubushyuhe bwa karuboni/karuboni kubera ko irwanya ogisijeni neza mu bushyuhe bwinshi. Bitewe n’ubwinshi bw’ibikoresho by’ubushyuhe bwa karuboni/karuboni bikoreshwa mu gukora silikoni imwe ikoresheje kristale, uburyo bwo kunoza uburinganire bwa silikoni ku buso bw’ibikoresho by’ubushyuhe no kunoza ubuzima bw’ibikoresho by’ubushyuhe bwa karuboni/karuboni byabaye ikibazo cyihutirwa kigomba gukemurwa.
Ku rundi ruhande, hamwe n’iterambere ry’inganda za silikoni zikoresha ikoranabuhanga rya monocrystalline, icyifuzo cy’ibikoresho byo mu butaka bwa karuboni/karuboni bifite ubushyuhe bwinshi nacyo kiriyongera, kandi nanofiber za SiC nazo zihingwa ku migozi ya karuboni imbere mu gihe cyo gukora reaction. Igipimo cyo gukura no gukura kw’ibice bya C/ C-ZRC na C/ C-sic ZrC byateguwe n’igerageza ni -0.32 mg/s na 2.57 μm/s, uko bikurikirana. Igipimo cyo gukura kw’ibice bya C/ C-sic -ZrC ni -0.24mg/s na 1.66 μm/s, uko bikurikirana. Ibice bya C/ C-ZRC bifite nanofiber za SiC bifite imiterere myiza yo gukura. Nyuma, ingaruka z’isoko zitandukanye za karuboni ku mikurire ya nanofiber za SiC n’uburyo bwa nanofiber za SiC zishimangira imiterere yo gukura kw’ibice bya C/ C-ZRC.
Igikoresho cyo gutwikira karuboni/karuboni cyakozwe hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo gusohora umwuka w’ibinyabutabire hamwe n’uburyo bwo gukora ibintu mu buryo burimo umwuka. Igikoresho cyo gutwikira cyari kigizwe n’igikoresho cyo gutwikira karuboni (100 ~ 300μm), igikoresho cyo gutwikira karuboni (10 ~ 20μm) n’igikoresho cyo gutwikira karuboni (50 ~ 100μm), byashoboraga gukumira kwangirika k’umwuka w’ikaruboni ku buso bw’imbere bw’igikoresho cyo gutwikira karuboni/karuboni. Mu ikorwa, igihombo cy’igikoresho cyo gutwikira karuboni/karuboni cyakozwe muri icyo gikoresho ni 0.04 mm kuri buri itanura, kandi igihe cyo gukora gishobora kugera ku nshuro 180 z’itanura.
Igihe cyo kohereza: 22 Gashyantare 2024