Malinga ndi lipoti la Future Trends of Hydrogen Energy lomwe latulutsidwa ndi International Hydrogen Energy Commission, kufunikira kwa mphamvu ya haidrojeni padziko lonse lapansi kudzawonjezeka kakhumi pofika chaka cha 2050 ndikufikira matani 520 miliyoni pofika chaka cha 2070. Zachidziwikire, kufunikira kwa mphamvu ya haidrojeni m'mafakitale aliwonse kumakhudza unyolo wonse wa mafakitale, kuphatikiza kupanga haidrojeni, kusungira ndi mayendedwe, malonda a haidrojeni, kugawa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito haidrojeni. Malinga ndi International Committee on Hydrogen Energy, mtengo wotuluka wa unyolo wa makampani apadziko lonse lapansi wa haidrojeni udzapitirira madola 2.5 thililiyoni aku US pofika chaka cha 2050.
Kutengera ndi momwe mphamvu ya haidrojeni imagwiritsidwira ntchito kwambiri komanso kuchuluka kwa unyolo wa mafakitale, chitukuko ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya haidrojeni sikuti kwangokhala njira yofunika kwambiri kwa mayiko ambiri kuti akwaniritse kusintha kwa mphamvu, komanso kwakhala gawo lofunikira la mpikisano wapadziko lonse lapansi.
Malinga ndi ziwerengero zoyambirira, mayiko ndi madera 42 apereka mfundo zokhudzana ndi mphamvu ya haidrojeni, ndipo mayiko ndi madera 36 akukonzekera mfundo zokhudzana ndi mphamvu ya haidrojeni.
Mu msika wapadziko lonse wa mphamvu ya haidrojeni, mayiko omwe akutukuka kumene akuyang'ana kwambiri makampani opanga haidrojeni wobiriwira. Mwachitsanzo, boma la India lapereka madola mabiliyoni 2.3 aku US kuti athandizire makampani opanga haidrojeni wobiriwira, pulojekiti ya mzinda wamtsogolo wa Saudi Arabia yotchedwa NEOM ikufuna kumanga fakitale yopanga haidrojeni ya hydropower yokhala ndi ma gigawatts opitilira 2 m'dera lake, ndipo United Arab Emirates ikukonzekera kugwiritsa ntchito madola mabiliyoni 400 aku US pachaka m'zaka zisanu kuti ikule msika wa haidrojeni wobiriwira. Brazil ndi Chile ku South America ndi Egypt ndi Namibia ku Africa nawonso alengeza mapulani oyika ndalama mu haidrojeni wobiriwira. Zotsatira zake, International Energy Organization ikuneneratu kuti kupanga haidrojeni wobiriwira padziko lonse lapansi kudzafika matani 36,000 pofika chaka cha 2030 ndi matani 320 miliyoni pofika chaka cha 2050.
Kukula kwa mphamvu ya haidrojeni m'maiko otukuka kuli kwakukulu kwambiri ndipo kukuwonetsa zofunikira kwambiri pamtengo wogwiritsira ntchito haidrojeni. Malinga ndi National Clean Hydrogen Energy Strategy and Roadmap yoperekedwa ndi US Department of Energy, kufunikira kwa haidrojeni m'dziko muno ku US kudzakwera kufika pa matani 10 miliyoni, matani 20 miliyoni ndi matani 50 miliyoni pachaka motsatana mu 2030, 2040 ndi 2050. Pakadali pano, mtengo wopangira haidrojeni udzachepetsedwa kufika pa $2 pa kg pofika chaka cha 2030 ndi $1 pa kg pofika chaka cha 2035. Lamulo la South Korea Lolimbikitsa Chuma cha Haidrojeni ndi Kasamalidwe ka Chitetezo cha Haidrojeni likuyikanso cholinga chosintha mafuta osakonzedwa ochokera kunja ndi haidrojeni yochokera kunja pofika chaka cha 2050. Japan idzasinthanso njira yake yoyambira ya mphamvu ya haidrojeni kumapeto kwa Meyi kuti iwonjezere kuitanitsa mphamvu ya haidrojeni, ndipo idagogomezera kufunika kofulumizitsa ndalama pomanga unyolo wapadziko lonse lapansi.
Europe ikupitilizabe kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya haidrojeni. Dongosolo la EU Repower likufuna kukwaniritsa cholinga chopanga ndikutumiza matani 10 miliyoni a haidrojeni yongowonjezwdwa pachaka pofika chaka cha 2030. Pachifukwa ichi, EU ipereka chithandizo cha ndalama zothandizira mphamvu ya haidrojeni kudzera m'mapulojekiti angapo monga European Hydrogen Bank ndi Investment Europe Plan.
London – Hydrogen yobwezeretsedwanso imatha kugulitsidwa pamtengo wochepera 1 euro/kg motsatira malamulo a Banki omwe adasindikizidwa ndi European Commission pa Marichi 31 ngati opanga alandila thandizo lalikulu kuchokera ku European Hydrogen Bank, deta ya ICIS idawonetsa.
Bankiyi, yomwe idalengezedwa mu Seputembala 2022, ikufuna kuthandiza opanga haidrojeni kudzera mu njira yogulitsira yomwe imayika opereka ndalama kutengera mtengo pa kilogalamu imodzi ya haidrojeni.
Pogwiritsa ntchito Innovation Fund, Commission idzapereka €800 miliyoni pa malonda oyamba kuti alandire thandizo kuchokera ku European Development Bank, ndi ndalama zothandizira zomwe ziyenera kuperekedwa pa €4 pa kilogalamu iliyonse. Hydrogen yomwe ikugulitsidwa iyenera kutsatira Renewable Fuels Authorization Act (RFNBO), yomwe imadziwikanso kuti Renewable Hydrogen, ndipo pulojekitiyi iyenera kufika pamlingo wonse mkati mwa zaka zitatu ndi theka kuchokera pamene yalandira ndalama. Kupanga kwa hydrogen kukayamba, ndalama zidzapezeka.
Wopambana adzalandira ndalama zokhazikika, kutengera kuchuluka kwa ma bid, kwa zaka khumi. Opereka ma bid sangakhale ndi mwayi woposa 33% ya bajeti yomwe ilipo ndipo ayenera kukhala ndi kukula kwa polojekiti yosachepera 5MW.
€1 pa kilogalamu imodzi ya haidrojeni
Dziko la Netherlands lipanga haidrojeni yongowonjezwdwa kuyambira mu 2026 pogwiritsa ntchito mgwirizano wa zaka 10 wa Purchase energy renewable energy (PPA) pamtengo wa 4.58 euros/kg pamtengo wofanana ndi wa pulojekiti, malinga ndi deta ya ICIS ya pa Epulo 4. Pa haidrojeni yongowonjezwdwa ya PPA ya zaka 10, ICIS inawerengera kubwezeredwa kwa ndalama zomwe zidayikidwa mu electrolyzer panthawi ya PPA, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mtengowo udzabwezeredwa kumapeto kwa nthawi yothandizira.
Popeza opanga haidrojeni amatha kulandira ndalama zonse zothandizira za €4 pa kg, izi zikutanthauza kuti pakufunika €0.58 pa kg ya haidrojeni kuti ndalama zogulira zibwezeretsedwe. Opanga amangofunika kulipira ogula ndalama zosakwana euro imodzi pa kilogalamu kuti atsimikizire kuti ntchitoyi ikuyenda bwino.
Nthawi yotumizira: Epulo-10-2023