Nk’uko raporo ivuga ku miterere y’ingufu za Hydrogen yashyizwe ahagaragara na Komisiyo Mpuzamahanga Ishinzwe Ingufu za Hydrogen ibivuga, icyifuzo cy’ingufu za Hydrogen ku isi kizikuba inshuro icumi mu 2050 kikagera kuri toni miliyoni 520 mu 2070. Birumvikana ko icyifuzo cy’ingufu za Hydrogen mu nganda iyo ari yo yose kireba uruhererekane rw’inganda, harimo gukora Hydrogen, kubika no gutwara, ubucuruzi bwa Hydrogen, gukwirakwiza no gukoresha Hydrogen. Nk’uko Komite Mpuzamahanga Ishinzwe Ingufu za Hydrogen ibivuga, agaciro k’umusaruro w’uruhererekane rw’inganda za Hydrogen ku isi kazarenga tiriyari 2.5 z’amadolari y’Amerika mu 2050.
Hashingiwe ku ikoreshwa rikomeye ry’ingufu za hydrogen hamwe n’agaciro kanini k’uruhererekane rw’inganda, iterambere n’ikoreshwa ry’ingufu za hydrogen ntibyabaye inzira y’ingenzi ku bihugu byinshi yo kugera ku mpinduka mu ngufu, ahubwo byanabaye igice cy’ingenzi cy’irushanwa mpuzamahanga.
Dukurikije imibare y’ibanze, ibihugu 42 n’uturere byashyizeho politiki z’ingufu za hydrogen, naho ibihugu 36 n’uturere birimo gutegura politiki z’ingufu za hydrogen.
Mu isoko mpuzamahanga ry’ingufu za hydrogen, ibihugu bikiri mu nzira y’amajyambere biri kwibanda ku nganda za hydrogen itarenza ibidukikije icyarimwe. Urugero, guverinoma y’Ubuhinde yateganyije miliyari 2.3 z’amadolari y’Amerika yo gushyigikira inganda za hydrogen itarenza ibidukikije, umushinga wa super future city wa Arabiya Sawudite witwa NEOM ugamije kubaka uruganda rukora hydrolysis hifashishijwe hydrolysis hifashishijwe amazi rufite gigawati zirenga 2 mu butaka bwarwo, naho Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Abarabu ziteganya gukoresha miliyari 400 z’amadolari y’Amerika buri mwaka mu myaka itanu kugira ngo zagure isoko rya hydrogen itarenza ibidukikije. Brezili na Shili muri Amerika y’Epfo na Misiri na Namibiya muri Afurika nabyo byatangaje gahunda yo gushora imari muri hydrogen itarenza ibidukikije. Kubera iyo mpamvu, Umuryango Mpuzamahanga w’Ingufu uteganya ko umusaruro wa hydrogen itarenza ibidukikije ku isi uzagera kuri toni 36.000 mu 2030 na toni miliyoni 320 mu 2050.
Iterambere ry’ingufu za hydrogen mu bihugu byateye imbere rirushaho kuba ryiza kandi rishyira imbere ibisabwa byinshi ku giciro cya hydrogen. Dukurikije ingamba n’inzira by’igihugu bya hydrogen Clean Hydrogen Energy Strategy and Roadmap byashyizwe ahagaragara na Minisiteri y’Ingufu ya Amerika, ikiguzi cya hydrogen mu gihugu muri Amerika kizazamuka kikagera kuri toni miliyoni 10, toni miliyoni 20 na toni miliyoni 50 buri mwaka mu 2030, 2040 na 2050. Hagati aho, ikiguzi cyo gukora hydrogen kizagabanuka kikagera kuri $2 kuri kg mu 2030 na $1 kuri kg mu 2035. Itegeko rya Koreya y'Epfo rishinzwe guteza imbere ubukungu bwa hydrogen n’imicungire y’umutekano wa hydrogen naryo rigaragaza intego yo gusimbuza peteroli itumizwa mu mahanga na hydrogen itumizwa mu mahanga mu 2050. Ubuyapani buzavugurura ingamba zabwo z’ibanze z’ingufu za hydrogen mu mpera za Gicurasi kugira ngo bwongere gutumiza ingufu za hydrogen, kandi bushimangire ko hakenewe kwihutisha ishoramari mu kubaka urusobe rw’ibicuruzwa mpuzamahanga.
Uburayi nabwo burimo gutera intambwe ihoraho ku ngufu za hydrogen. Gahunda ya EU Repower EU iteganya kugera ku ntego yo gukora no gutumiza mu mahanga toni miliyoni 10 za hydrogen ishobora kuvugururwa buri mwaka bitarenze umwaka wa 2030. Muri urwo rwego, EU izatanga inkunga y'inkunga ku ngufu za hydrogen binyuze mu mishinga myinshi nka Banki y'Uburayi ya Hydrogen na Gahunda y'Ishoramari mu Burayi.
Londres – Amakuru ya ICIS yagaragaje ko Hydrogen ishobora kugurishwa ku giciro kiri munsi ya euro 1/kg hakurikijwe amasezerano ya Banki yashyizwe ahagaragara na Komisiyo y’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi ku ya 31 Werurwe, niba abakora bazahabwa inkunga ikomeye iturutse muri Banki y’Uburayi ya Hydrogen.
Iyi banki, yatangajwe muri Nzeri 2022, igamije gushyigikira abakora hydrogen binyuze mu gupiganwa mu cyamunara, aho abapiganwa bashyirwa mu byiciro hakurikijwe igiciro kuri kilo cya hydrogen.
Ikoresheje Ikigega cy’Udushya, Komisiyo izashyiraho miliyoni 800 z’amayero ku cyamunara cya mbere kizaterwa inkunga na Banki y’Iterambere y’Uburayi, aho inkunga ingana na €4 kuri kilo. Hydrogen izagurishwa mu cyamunara igomba kubahiriza Itegeko ry’Uburenganzira bwo Gukoresha Ibikomoka kuri Mazutu Bishobora Gusubiramo (RFNBO), rizwi kandi nka Hydrogen Ishobora Gusubiramo, kandi umushinga ugomba kugera ku bushobozi bwuzuye mu myaka itatu n’igice uhereye igihe wakiriye inkunga. Iyo hydrogène itangiye gukorwa, amafaranga azaboneka.
Uwegukanye isoko azahabwa amafaranga ahoraho, hashingiwe ku mubare w'abapiganwe, mu gihe cy'imyaka icumi. Abapiganwa ntibashobora kugera ku ngengo y'imari irenze 33% by'ingengo y'imari ihari kandi bagomba kuba bafite nibura ingano y'umushinga ungana na 5MW.
€1 kuri kilo ya hydrogen
Ubuholandi buzakoresha hydrogen ishobora kongera gukoreshwa guhera mu 2026 hakoreshejwe amasezerano y’imyaka 10 yo kugura ingufu zishobora kongera gukoreshwa (PPA) ku giciro cy’amayero 4.58/kg ku mushinga ugabanyije ingano, nk’uko bigaragazwa n’amakuru ya ICIS yo ku ya 4 Mata. Ku bijyanye na hydrogen ishobora kongera gukoreshwa ya PPA y’imyaka 10, ICIS yabaruye uburyo ishoramari rya electrolyzer ryashowe mu gihe cya PPA, bivuze ko ikiguzi kizasubizwa mu mpera z’igihe cyo gutanga inkunga.
Bitewe n’uko abakora hydrogen bashobora kubona inkunga yose ya €4 kuri kg, bivuze ko hakenewe €0.58 kuri kg ya hydrogen kugira ngo amafaranga akoreshwe mu bikorwa by’imari agaruke. Abakora hydrogen bakeneye kwishyuza abaguzi amafaranga ari munsi ya euro 1 kuri kilo kugira ngo umushinga urusheho kuba mwiza.
Igihe cyo kohereza: 10 Mata 2023