Kei te whakapiki ake ngā kaiwhakarato karāpiti i Āwherika i te whakaputanga hei whakatutuki i te hiahia e tipu haere ana o Haina mō ngā rauemi pākahiko. E ai ki ngā raraunga mai i Roskill, i te haurua tuatahi o te tau 2019, i piki ake te kaweake karāpiti tūturu mai i Āwherika ki Haina mā te neke atu i te 170%. Ko Mozambique te kaihoko karāpiti nui rawa atu o Āwherika. Ko te nuinga o te wā ka tukuna e ia he maramara karāpiti iti me te rahi mō ngā tono pākahiko. I kaweake tēnei whenua o Āwherika ki te tonga i te 100,000 tāne o te karāpiti i ngā marama tuatahi e ono o te tau 2019, ā, 82% o ēnei i kaweake ki Haina. Mai i tētahi atu tirohanga, i kaweake te whenua i te 51,800 tāne i te tau 2018, ā, 800 tāne anake i kaweake i te tau i mua. Ko te tipu tere o ngā tuku karāpiti a Mozambique te nuinga o te wā nā Syrah Resources me tana kaupapa Balama, i whakarewahia i te mutunga o te tau 2017. Ko te whakaputanga karāpiti o te tau kua hipa he 104,000 tāne, ā, kua eke te whakaputanga i te haurua tuatahi o te tau 2019 ki te 92,000 tāne.
E ai ki a Roskill, mai i te tau 2018 ki te 2028, ka piki ake te hiahia o te umanga pākahiko mō te karāpeti māori i te tere o te 19% ia tau. Ka hua ake tēnei i te tata ki te 1.7 miriona tāne te hiahia katoa mō te karāpeti, nō reira, ahakoa ka eke te kaupapa Balama ki te kaha katoa o te 350,000 tāne ia tau, ka hiahia tonu te umanga pākahiko ki ētahi atu taonga karāpeti mō te wā roa. Mō ngā pepa nui ake, he iti ake ā rātou umanga kaihoko whakamutunga (pēnei i ngā ārai mura, ngā gaskets, me ētahi atu) i te umanga pākahiko, engari kei te tipu tonu te hiahia mai i Haina. Ko Madagascar tētahi o ngā kaihanga nui o ngā maramara karāpeti nui. I ngā tau tata nei, kua tere te tipu o ngā kaweake karāpeti o te moutere, mai i te 9,400 tāne i te tau 2017 ki te 46,900 tāne i te tau 2018 me te 32,500 tāne i te haurua tuatahi o te tau 2019. Ko ngā kaihanga karāpeti rongonui i Madagascar ko te Tirupati Graphite Group, Tablissements Gallois me Bass Metals o Ahitereiria. Kei te huri haere a Tanzania hei kaihanga karāpeti nui, ā, kua tukuna anō e te kāwanatanga ngā raihana keri i ngā wā tata nei, ā, he maha ngā kaupapa karāpeti ka whakaaetia i tēnei tau.
Ko tētahi o ngā kaupapa karāpeti hou ko te kaupapa Mahenge o Heiyan Mining, i whakaoti i tētahi rangahau whaihua hou (DFS) i te marama o Hūrae hei whakatau tata i tana hua ā-tau o te karāpeti kukū. I piki ake te 250,000 tāne ki te 340,000 tāne. I tukuna anō hoki e tētahi atu kamupene keri, a Walkabout Resources, tētahi pūrongo whaihua whakamutunga hou i tēnei tau, ā, kei te whakarite mō te hanganga o te maina Lindi Jumbo. He maha atu anō ngā kaupapa karāpeti o Tanzania kei te wāhanga o te kukume haumi, ā, e matapaetia ana ka whakatairanga ake ēnei kaupapa hou i te hokohoko karāpeti o Āwherika me Haina.
Wā tuku: Hepetema-05-2019