[Bongata ba matla a libeteri tsa lithium nakong e tlang bo ka fihla makhetlo a 1.5 ho isa ho a 2 ho feta motlakase, ho bolelang hore libeteri li tla fokola.]
[Sebaka sa phokotso ea litšenyehelo tsa betri ea Lithium-ion se pakeng tsa 10% le 30%. Ho thata ho fokotsa theko ka halofo.]
Ho tloha ho difouno tse bohlale ho isa dikoloing tsa motlakase, theknoloji ya betri e ntse e kenella butle-butle karolong e nngwe le e nngwe ya bophelo. Jwale, betri ya nakong e tlang e tla tswela pele ka tsela efe mme e tla tlisa diphetoho dife setjhabeng? A nahanne ka dipotso tsena, moqolotsi wa ditaba wa First Financial o ile a buisana le Akira Yoshino kgweding e fetileng, rasaense wa Lejapane ya hapileng Kgau ya Nobel ya Khemistri bakeng sa dibeteri tsa lithium-ion selemong sena.
Ho ea ka maikutlo a Yoshino, libeteri tsa lithium-ion li tla ntse li laola indasteri ea libeteri lilemong tse 10 tse tlang. Nts'etsopele ea mahlale a macha a kang bohlale ba maiketsetso le Inthanete ea Lintho e tla tlisa liphetoho tse "sa utloahaleng" litebellong tsa ts'ebeliso ea libeteri tsa lithium-ion.
Phetoho e ke keng ea nahanoa
Ha Yoshino a hlokomela lentsoe "e nkehang habobebe", o ile a hlokomela hore sechaba se hloka betri e ncha. Ka 1983, betri ea pele ea lithium lefatšeng e hlahile Japane. Yoshino Akira o hlahisitse mohlala oa pele lefatšeng oa betri ea lithium-ion e ka tjhajwang hape, 'me o tla kenya letsoho haholo ntlafatsong ea libeteri tsa lithium-ion tse sebelisoang haholo li-smartphone le likoloing tsa motlakase nakong e tlang.
Khoeling e fetileng, Akira Yoshino o itse puisanong e ikgethang le Moqolotsi wa Ditjhelete wa Nomoro ya 1 hore ka mora ho utlwa hore o hapile Kgau ya Nobel, "ha a na maikutlo a nnete." "Dipuisano tse felletseng hamorao di ile tsa etsa hore ke phathahane haholo, mme ke ne ke sa kgone ho thaba haholo." Akira Yoshino o itse. "Empa ha letsatsi la ho fumana dikgau ka Tshitwe le ntse le atamela, nnete ya dikgau e se e le matla le ho feta."
Lilemong tse 30 tse fetileng, litsebi tse 27 tsa Majapane kapa Majapane li hapile Khau ea Nobel ho Khemistri, empa ke tse peli feela tsa tsona, ho kenyeletsoa le Akira Yoshino, tse fumaneng likhau e le bafuputsi ba lik'hamphani. "Japane, bafuputsi ba tsoang litsi tsa lipatlisiso le liunivesithing ka kakaretso ba fumana likhau, 'me bafuputsi ba fokolang ba lik'hamphani ba tsoang indastering ba hapile likhau." Akira Yoshino o boleletse First Financial Journalist. O boetse a hatisa litebello tsa indasteri. O lumela hore ho na le lipatlisiso tse ngata tsa boemo ba Nobel ka har'a k'hamphani, empa indasteri ea Majapane e lokela ho ntlafatsa boetapele le bokhoni ba eona.
Yoshino Akira o lumela hore nts'etsopele ea mahlale a macha a kang bohlale ba maiketsetso le Inthanete ea Lintho e tla tlisa liphetoho tse "sa nahaneheng" litebellong tsa ts'ebeliso ea libeteri tsa lithium-ion. Mohlala, tsoelo-pele ea software e tla potlakisa ts'ebetso ea moralo oa betri le nts'etsopele ea thepa e ncha, 'me E ka ama ts'ebeliso ea betri, e lumelle betri ho sebelisoa tikolohong e ntle ka ho fetisisa.
Yoshino Akira le eena o tšoenyehile haholo ka monehelo oa lipatlisiso tsa hae ho rarolleng mathata a phetoho ea maemo a leholimo lefatšeng ka bophara. O boleletse First Financial Journalist hore o fuoe khau ka mabaka a mabeli. La pele ke ho kenya letsoho ntlafatsong ea sechaba se bohlale sa mehala e tsamaeang; la bobeli ke ho fana ka mokhoa oa bohlokoa oa ho sireletsa tikoloho ea lefats'e. "Monehelo oa tšireletso ea tikoloho o tla totobala haholoanyane nakong e tlang. Ka nako e ts'oanang, ena hape ke monyetla o moholo oa khoebo." Akira Yoshino o boleletse moqolotsi oa litaba tsa lichelete.
Yoshino Akira o boleletse baithuti nakong ea puo Univesithing ea Meijo e le moprofesa hore ka lebaka la litebello tse phahameng tsa sechaba bakeng sa tšebeliso ea matla a nchafatsoang le libeteri e le mokhoa oa ho loantša ho futhumala ha lefatše, o tla fana ka Tlhahisoleseling ea hae, ho kenyeletsoa le mehopolo ka litaba tsa tikoloho.
Ke mang ea tla busa indasteri ea betri
Nts'etsopele ea theknoloji ea betri e bakile phetoho e kholo ea matla. Ho tloha lifonong tse bohlale ho ea likoloing tsa motlakase, theknoloji ea betri e hohle, e fetola karolo e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe ea maphelo a batho. Hore na betri ea nakong e tlang e tla ba matla le litšenyehelo tse tlase ho tla ama e mong le e mong oa rona.
Hona jwale, indasteri e ikemiseditse ho ntlafatsa polokeho ya betri ha ka nako e ts'oanang e eketsa bongata ba matla a betri. Ntlafatso ya tshebetso ya betri e boetse e thusa ho sebetsana le phetoho ya maemo a lehodimo ka ho sebedisa matla a ntjhafatswang.
Ho ea ka maikutlo a Yoshino, libeteri tsa lithium-ion li tla ntse li laola indasteri ea libeteri lilemong tse 10 tse tlang, empa nts'etsopele le ho phahama ha mahlale a macha le tsona li tla tsoela pele ho matlafatsa boleng le menyetla ea indasteri. Yoshino Akira o boleletse First Business News hore bongata ba matla a libeteri tsa lithium nakong e tlang bo ka fihla makhetlo a 1.5 ho isa ho a 2 ho feta hona joale, ho bolelang hore betri e tla fokola. "Sena se fokotsa thepa 'me kahoo se fokotsa litšenyehelo, empa ho ke ke ha e-ba le phokotso e kholo ea litšenyehelo tsa thepa." O itse, "Phokotso ea litšenyehelo tsa libeteri tsa lithium-ion e pakeng tsa 10% le 30%. Ho batla ho fokotsa theko ka halofo ho thata haholoanyane."
Na disebediswa tsa elektroniki di tla tjhaja kapele nakong e tlang? Ha a araba, Akira Yoshino o itse selefounu e tlala ka metsotso e 5-10, e leng se fihlelletsweng laboratoring. Empa ho tjhaja ka potlako ho hloka motlakase o matla, o tla ama bophelo ba betri. Maemong a mangata ha e le hantle, batho ba kanna ba se hloke ho tjhaja ka potlako haholo.
Ho tloha libetering tsa pele tsa lead-acid, ho ea libetering tsa nickel-metal hydride tseo e leng tsona tsa bohlokoa lik'hamphaning tsa Majapane tse kang Toyota, ho ea libetering tsa lithium-ion tse sebelisoang ke Tesla Roaster ka 2008, libeteri tsa setso tsa lithium-ion tse metsi li 'nile tsa busa' marakeng oa libeteri tsa motlakase ka lilemo tse leshome. Nakong e tlang, khohlano pakeng tsa bongata ba matla le litlhoko tsa polokeho le theknoloji ea setso ea libeteri tsa lithium-ion e tla hlahella haholo.
Ha a arabela liteko le lihlahisoa tsa libeteri tsa boemo bo tiileng tse tsoang lik'hamphaning tsa mose ho maoatle, Akira Yoshino o itse: "Ke nahana hore libeteri tsa boemo bo tiileng li emela tsela ea nakong e tlang, 'me ho ntse ho e-na le sebaka se seholo sa ntlafatso. Ke tšepa ho bona tsoelo-pele e ncha haufinyane."
O boetse a re libeteri tsa boemo bo tiileng li tšoana theknolojing le libeteri tsa lithium-ion. "Ka ntlafatso ea theknoloji, lebelo la ho sesa la lithium ion qetellong le ka fihla lebelong la hona joale ka makhetlo a ka bang 4." Akira Yoshino o boleletse moqolotsi oa litaba ho First Business News.
Libetri tsa boemo bo tiileng ke libetri tsa lithium-ion tse sebelisang li-electrolyte tsa boemo bo tiileng. Hobane li-electrolyte tsa boemo bo tiileng li nkela sebaka sa electrolyte ea tlhaho e ka phatlohang libetri tsa lithium-ion tsa setso, sena se rarolla mathata a mabeli a maholo a matla a mangata le ts'ebetso e phahameng ea polokeho. Li-electrolyte tsa boemo bo tiileng li sebelisoa ka matla a tšoanang Betri e nkang sebaka sa electrolyte e na le matla a mangata, ka nako e ts'oanang e na le matla a maholo le nako e telele ea ts'ebeliso, e leng mokhoa oa nts'etsopele oa moloko o latelang oa libeteri tsa lithium.
Empa libeteri tsa boemo bo tiileng le tsona li tobane le liphephetso tse kang ho fokotsa litšenyehelo, ho ntlafatsa polokeho ea li-electrolyte tse tiileng, le ho boloka kamano pakeng tsa li-electrode le li-electrolyte nakong ea ho tjhaja le ho ntša tjhaja. Hona joale, lik'hamphani tse ngata tse kholo tsa likoloi lefatšeng ka bophara li tsetela haholo ho R & D bakeng sa libeteri tsa boemo bo tiileng. Mohlala, Toyota e ntse e nts'etsapele betri ea boemo bo tiileng, empa litšenyehelo ha lia senoloa. Litsi tsa lipatlisiso li bolela esale pele hore ka 2030, tlhoko ea lefats'e ea libeteri tsa boemo bo tiileng e lebelletsoe ho atamela 500 GWh.
Moprofesa Whitingham, ea ileng a arolelana Khau ea Nobel le Akira Yoshino, o itse libeteri tsa solid-state e kanna ea ba tsa pele tse sebelisoang lisebelisoa tse nyane tsa elektroniki joalo ka lifono tse bohlale. "Hobane ho ntse ho e-na le mathata a maholo ts'ebelisong ea litsamaiso tse kholo." Moprofesa Wittingham o boletse joalo.
Nako ea poso: Tshitwe-16-2019