Yuav tsum siv cov pa roj carbon electrodes, graphite electrodes thiab cov electrodes ci nws tus kheej li cas kom raug hauv kev lag luam submerged arc furnace?

Hom, kev ua tau zoo thiab kev siv ntawm lub electrode

Hom hluav taws xob

Cov electrodes carbonaceous tuaj yeem muab faib ua cov electrodes carbon, graphite electrodes thiab cov electrodes ci nws tus kheej raws li lawv siv thiab cov txheej txheem tsim khoom.

Cov pa roj carbon electrode yog ua los ntawm cov tshauv tsawg anthracite, metallurgical coke, pitch coke thiab petroleum coke. Nws muaj qee qhov sib piv thiab qhov loj ntawm cov khoom me me. Thaum ntxiv, cov binder asphalt thiab tar raug sib xyaw, thiab cov khoom sib xyaw raug do kom sib npaug ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Tsim, thiab thaum kawg maj mam calcining hauv lub roaster. Muaj peev xwm muab faib ua cov electrodes graphite ntuj, cov electrodes graphite dag, cov electrodes carbon thiab cov electrodes carbon tshwj xeeb.

Lub graphite electrode (graphiteelectrode) yog ua los ntawm roj av coke thiab suab coke ua cov khoom siv raw, thiab tom qab ntawd muab tso rau hauv lub cub tawg hluav taws xob graphitized nrog qhov kub ntawm 2273 ~ 2773K, thiab yog ua los ntawm graphitization rau hauv graphite electrode. Lub graphite electrode ntxiv muab faib ua hom hauv qab no.

Lub zog hluav taws xob graphite electrode ib txwm tso cai rau kev siv cov graphite electrodes nrog qhov ceev tam sim no tsawg dua 17 A / cm2, thiab feem ntau yog siv rau cov cub hluav taws xob hluav taws xob ib txwm xws li kev ua hlau, kev ua kom silicon, thiab cov phosphorus daj.

Qhov saum npoo ntawm cov electrode graphite uas tiv thaiv kev oxidation yog coated nrog ib txheej tiv thaiv (graphite electrode antioxidant) uas yog conductive thiab resistant rau high-temperature oxidation, uas txo cov electrode siv thaum lub sijhawm steelmaking (19% ~ 50%) thiab ntev lub neej ntawm electrode (22% ~ 60%), txo cov hluav taws xob siv ntawm electrode.

Lub electrode graphite muaj zog heev tso cai rau kev siv cov electrodes graphite nrog qhov ceev tam sim no ntawm 18 txog 25 A / cm2, uas feem ntau yog siv rau hauv cov cub tawg hluav taws xob muaj zog heev rau kev ua hlau.

Cov electrodes graphite muaj zog heev tso cai rau kev siv cov electrodes graphite nrog cov qhov ceev tam sim no ntau dua 25 A / cm2. Feem ntau siv rau hauv cov cub tawg hluav taws xob arc muaj zog heev.

Cov electrode ci nws tus kheej (selfbakingelectrode) siv anthracite, coke, thiab bitumen thiab tar ua cov khoom siv raw, ua cov electrode paste ntawm qee qhov kub, thiab tom qab ntawd thauj cov electrode paste rau hauv lub thawv electrode uas tau teeb tsa rau ntawm lub cub hluav taws xob (raws li pom hauv daim duab 1), Hauv cov txheej txheem tsim hluav taws xob cub hluav taws xob, Joule cua sov tsim los ntawm kev hla ntawm cov hluav taws xob tam sim no thiab cov cua sov conduction hauv lub cub hluav taws xob yog tus kheej-sintered thiab coked. Cov electrode zoo li no tuaj yeem siv tas mus li, thiab tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm kev koom nrog ntug ntev thiab tuaj yeem raug tua mus rau hauv txoj kab uas hla loj. Cov electrode ci nws tus kheej yog siv dav rau kev tsim ferroalloy vim nws cov txheej txheem yooj yim thiab tus nqi qis.

Daim Duab 1 Daim duab qhia txog lub plhaub electrode

1-lub plhaub electrode; 2-daim tav; 3-tus nplaig peb sab

Kev ua tau zoo ntawm lub electrode

Cov khoom siv electrode yuav tsum muaj cov khoom siv physicochemical hauv qab no:

Qhov conductivity zoo dua, qhov resistivity me dua, kom txo qhov poob ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob, txo qhov voltage poob ntawm lub net luv luv, thiab nce qhov voltage zoo kom nce lub zog ntawm lub pas dej molten;

Lub melting point yog siab;

Tus coefficient ntawm thermal expansion yog me me, thaum qhov kub hloov pauv sai, nws tsis yooj yim rau deform, thiab kev ntxhov siab sab hauv los ntawm qhov kub hloov pauv tsis tuaj yeem tsim cov kab nrib pleb me me kom ua rau muaj kev tiv thaiv ntau ntxiv;

Muaj lub zog txaus thaum kub siab;

Cov impurities tsawg thiab cov impurities tsis ua rau cov smelt paug.

Cov khoom siv tseem ceeb ntawm cov pa roj carbon electrode, cov graphite electrode thiab cov electrode uas ci tau tus kheej tau qhia nyob rau hauv Rooj 1 thiab Cov Duab 2 thiab 3.

Rooj 1 Kev ua tau zoo ntawm electrode

Daim Duab 2 Qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm resistivity ntawm carbon electrode thiab graphite electrode nrog qhov kub thiab txias

Daim Duab 3 Kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov pa roj carbon thiab graphite electrodes raws li qhov kub thiab txias

Kev xaiv cov electrodes hauv kev lag luam ferroalloy

Cov electrodes uas ci nws tus kheej siv dav hauv kev sib xyaw hlau, kev ua kom zoo ferrosilicon, silicon chromium alloy, manganese silicon alloy, high carbon ferromanganese, high carbon ferrochrome, medium thiab low carbon ferromanganese, medium thiab low carbon ferrochrome, silicon calcium alloy, tungsten iron Tos. Cov electrodes uas ci nws tus kheej feem ntau ua rau kom muaj ntau cov alloys, siv hlau ua carbon, thiab tsim cov hlau alloys thiab cov hlau ntshiab nrog cov ntsiab lus carbon tsawg heev. Yog tias carbon ferrochrome, silicon kev lag luam thiab manganese hlau, carbon lossis graphite electrodes yuav tsum tau siv.

电极的种类、性能及其用途

电极种类

碳质电极按其用途及制作工艺不同可分为碳素电极、石墨电极和自焙甉絍。

碳素电极 (carbonelectrode) 是以低灰分的无烟煤、冶金焦、沥青焦和石油焦为原料，按一定的比例和粒度组成。混合时加入黏结剂沥青和焦油，在适当的温度下搅拌均匀压制成形，最后在焙烧炉中缓慢焙烧制得。可分为天然石墨电极、人造石墨电极、碳电极以及特种碳素电极四类。

石墨电极 (graphiteelectrode) yog 石油焦和沥青焦为原料制成碳素电极，再放到温度为2273 ~ 2773K 的石墨化电阻炉中，经石墨化而制成石墨电极“石墨电极又分为为䠻。

普通功率石墨电极允许使用电流密度低于 17A/cm2的石墨电极，主要用于炼钢、炼硅、炼黄磷等的普通功率电炉。

抗氧化涂层石墨电极表面涂覆既能导电又耐高温氧化的保护层(石墨电极抗氧化剂), 降低炼钢时延长电极的使用寿命(22% ~ 60%), 降低电极的电能消耗.

高功石墨电极允许使用电流密度为18 ~ 25A/cm2的石墨电极，主要用于炼炼钢的高姇玼。

超高功率石墨电极允许使用电流密度大于 25A/cm2的石墨电极。主要用于超高功炼炼炼石墨电极。

自焙电极 (selfbakingelectrode) 用无烟煤、焦炭以及沥青和焦油为原料，在一定温度下制成电极糊，然后把电极糊装入已安装在电炉上的电极壳中（如图1所翇示），中依靠电流通过时所产生的焦耳热和炉内传导热，自行烧结焦化。这种电极可连续使用，边使用边接长边给结成形，且可焙烧成大直径的。自焙电极不仅工艺简单，成本也低，因此被广泛用于铁合金生产。