Ni iyihe ngingo ngenderwaho y'imodoka ikoresha lisansi ya hydrogen?

Selile y'amavuta ni ubwoko bw'igikoresho gitanga ingufu, gihindura ingufu za shimi muri lisansi mo ingufu z'amashanyarazi binyuze mu gukora redox ya ogisijeni cyangwa izindi ogisijeni. Imashini ikunze gukoreshwa cyane ni hydrogen, ishobora kumvikana nk'uburyo bwo gukora reverse ya electrolysis y'amazi kuri hydrogen na ogisijeni.

Bitandukanye na roketi, selile y’ibikomoka kuri hydrogen ntabwo itanga ingufu za kinetic binyuze mu buryo bukomeye bwo gutwika hidrojeni na ogisijeni, ahubwo irekura ingufu za Gibbs muri hidrojeni binyuze mu gikoresho cya catalytic. Ihame ryayo ni uko hidrojeni ihinduka electron na hydrogène ions (protons) binyuze mu gikoresho cya catalyst (ubusanzwe platine) muri electrogène nziza y’iselile y’ibikomoka kuri petroli. Protons zigera kuri electrogène mbi binyuze mu membrane ya proton exchange hanyuma zigakorana na ogisijeni kugira ngo zikore amazi n’ubushyuhe. Elektron zijyanye nazo zituruka kuri electrogène nziza zijya kuri electrogène mbi binyuze mu ruziga rwo hanze kugira ngo zikore ingufu z’amashanyarazi. Nta mbogamizi ifite ku bushyuhe bungana na 40% kuri moteri ya lisansi, kandi ubushobozi bwa selile y’ibikomoka kuri hydrogen bushobora kugera ku kigero kirenga 60%.

Mu myaka mike ishize, ingufu za hydrogen zari zizwi nk'"ubwoko bw'ikirenga" bw'ibinyabiziga bishya bitanga ingufu bitewe n'inyungu zabyo zo kudahumanya ikirere, ingufu zishobora kuvugururwa, hydrogenation yihuse, ikoranabuhanga ryose n'ibindi. Ariko, inyigisho ya tekiniki y'uturemangingo twa hydrogen iratunganye, ariko iterambere ry'inganda ryasubiye inyuma cyane. Imwe mu mbogamizi zikomeye zo guteza imbere iyi nganda ni ukugenzura ikiguzi. Ibi birimo ikiguzi cy'imodoka ubwayo, ndetse n'ikiguzi cyo kuyikora no kuyibika.

Iterambere ry'imodoka zikoresha lisansi ya hydrogen rishingiye ku kubaka ibikorwa remezo bya hydrogen nko gukora hydrogen, kubika hydrogen, gutwara hydrogen no kuyikoresha. Bitandukanye na tram z'umwimerere, zishobora kwishyuzwa buhoro buhoro mu rugo cyangwa mu kigo, imodoka zikoresha hydrogen zishobora kwishyuzwa gusa kuri sitasiyo ya hydrogenation, bityo gusaba sitasiyo yo kuyishyuza ni ingenzi cyane. Hatabayeho umuyoboro wuzuye wa hydrogenation, iterambere ry'inganda zikoresha hydrogen ntirishoboka.