I-fuel cell uhlobo lwedivayisi yokukhiqiza ugesi, eguqula amandla amakhemikhali kuphethiloli abe amandla kagesi ngokusabela kwe-redox kwe-oxygen noma amanye ama-oxidants. Uphethiloli ovame kakhulu yi-hydrogen, okungaqondwa njengokusabela okuphambene kwe-electrolysis yamanzi ku-hydrogen kanye ne-oxygen.
Ngokungafani nerokhethi, iseli likaphethiloli le-hydrogen alikhiqizi amandla e-kinetic ngokusebenzisa ukusabela okunamandla kokushiswa kwe-hydrogen kanye ne-oxygen, kodwa likhipha amandla amahhala e-Gibbs ku-hydrogen ngedivayisi yokulungisa. Umgomo walo osebenzayo ukuthi i-hydrogen ihlukaniswa ibe ama-electron nama-ion e-hydrogen (ama-proton) nge-catalyst (ngokuvamile i-platinum) ku-electrode enhle yeseli likaphethiloli. Ama-Proton afinyelela ku-electrode engemihle nge-proton exchange membrane futhi asabela nomoya-mpilo ukuze akhe amanzi nokushisa. Ama-electron ahambisanayo ageleza esuka ku-electrode engemihle aye ku-electrode engemihle ngesifunda sangaphandle ukuze akhiqize amandla kagesi. Ayinawo umkhawulo wokusebenza kahle kokushisa ongaba ngu-40% wenjini kaphethiloli, futhi ukusebenza kahle kweseli likaphethiloli le-hydrogen kungafinyelela kalula ngaphezu kuka-60%.
Eminyakeni embalwa edlule, amandla e-hydrogen abelokhu aziwa ngokuthi “uhlobo oluphelele” lwezimoto ezintsha zamandla ngenxa yezinzuzo zawo zokungangcolisi nhlobo, amandla avuselelekayo, i-hydrogenation esheshayo, uhla oluphelele njalo njalo. Kodwa-ke, inkolelo-mbono yobuchwepheshe yeseli likaphethiloli le-hydrogen iphelele, kodwa inqubekela phambili kwezimboni isibuyele emuva kakhulu. Enye yezinselele ezinkulu zokukhuthazwa kwayo ukulawula izindleko. Lokhu akubandakanyi nje kuphela izindleko zemoto ngokwayo, kodwa futhi nezindleko zokukhiqizwa kwe-hydrogen kanye nokugcinwa kwayo.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwezimoto zamaseli kaphethiloli e-hydrogen kuncike ekwakhiweni kwengqalasizinda kaphethiloli we-hydrogen njengokukhiqiza i-hydrogen, isitoreji se-hydrogen, ukuthuthwa kwe-hydrogen kanye ne-hydrogenation. Ngokungafani nama-tram ahlanzekile, angashajwa kancane ekhaya noma enkampanini, izimoto ze-hydrogen zingashajwa kuphela esiteshini se-hydrogenation, ngakho-ke isidingo sesiteshi sokushaja siphuthuma kakhulu. Ngaphandle kwenethiwekhi ephelele ye-hydrogenation, ukuthuthukiswa kwemboni yezimoto ze-hydrogen akunakwenzeka.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Ephreli-02-2021