Ana iya raba ƙwayoyin mai zuwa:membrane na musayar protonƙwayoyin mai (PEMFC) da ƙwayoyin mai na methanol kai tsaye bisa ga halayen electrolyte da man da aka yi amfani da su
(DMFC), phosphoric acid fuel cell (PAFC), melted carbonate fuel cell (MCFC), solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC), alkaline fuel cell (AFC), da sauransu. Misali, proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) galibi sun dogara ne akanmembrane na musayar protonCanja wurin proton matsakaici, ƙwayoyin man fetur na alkaline (AFC) suna amfani da electrolyte na tushen ruwa na alkaline kamar maganin potassium hydroxide azaman matsakaiciyar canja wurin proton, da sauransu. Bugu da ƙari, bisa ga zafin jiki na aiki, ana iya raba ƙwayoyin man fetur zuwa ƙwayoyin man fetur masu zafi da ƙananan ƙwayoyin man fetur, na farko ya haɗa da ƙwayoyin man fetur masu ƙarfi (SOFC) da ƙwayoyin man fetur na carbonate mai narkewa (MCFC), Na ƙarshe sun haɗa da ƙwayoyin man fetur na musayar proton (PEMFC), ƙwayoyin man fetur na methanol kai tsaye (DMFC), ƙwayoyin man fetur na alkaline (AFC), ƙwayoyin man fetur na phosphoric acid (PAFC), da sauransu.
Membrane na musayar protonKwayoyin mai (PEMFC) suna amfani da membranes na polymer masu acidic na ruwa a matsayin electrolytes. Kwayoyin PEMFC dole ne su yi aiki a ƙarƙashin iskar hydrogen mai tsabta saboda ƙarancin yanayin aiki (ƙasa da 100 ° C) da kuma amfani da electrodes na ƙarfe masu daraja (eledodes na tushen platinum). Idan aka kwatanta da sauran ƙwayoyin mai, PEMFC tana da fa'idodin ƙarancin zafin aiki, saurin farawa da sauri, yawan ƙarfi mai yawa, electrolyte mara lalata da tsawon rai. Don haka, ta zama babbar fasahar da ake amfani da ita a halin yanzu ga motocin ƙwayoyin mai, amma kuma an yi amfani da ita a wani ɓangare ga na'urori masu ɗaukan kaya da waɗanda ba sa aiki. A cewar E4 Tech, ana sa ran jigilar ƙwayoyin mai na PEMFC zai kai raka'a 44,100 a cikin 2019, wanda ya kai kashi 62% na rabon duniya; An kiyasta ƙarfin da aka shigar ya kai 934.2MW, wanda ya kai kashi 83% na rabon duniya.
Kwayoyin mai suna amfani da halayen lantarki don canza makamashin sinadarai daga mai (hydrogen) a anode da oxidant (oxygen) a cathode zuwa wutar lantarki don tuƙa motar gaba ɗaya. Musamman, manyan abubuwan da ke cikin ƙwayoyin mai sun haɗa da tsarin injin, samar da wutar lantarki mai taimako da injin; Daga cikinsu, tsarin injin ya ƙunshi injin da ya ƙunshi reactor na lantarki, tsarin adana hydrogen na abin hawa, tsarin sanyaya da kuma mai canza wutar lantarki na DCDC. Reactor shine mafi mahimmancin sashi. Shi ne wurin da hydrogen da oxygen ke amsawa. Ya ƙunshi ƙwayoyin halitta guda ɗaya da yawa da aka haɗa tare, kuma manyan kayan sun haɗa da farantin bipolar, membrane electrode, farantin ƙarshe da sauransu.
Lokacin Saƙo: Agusta-23-2022