Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā wahie i lokomemo hoʻololi protonnā pūnaʻi wahie (PEMFC) a me nā pūnaeau wahie methanol pololei e like me nā waiwai electrolyte a me ka wahie i hoʻohana ʻia
(DMFC), phosphoric acid wahie cell (PAFC), molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC), solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC), alkaline fuel cell (AFC), etc.memo hoʻololi protonhoʻololi proton medium, alkaline wahie keena (AFC) hoʻohana alkaline wai-ma muli electrolyte e like me ka potassium hydroxide solution e like me ka proton transfer medium, etc. Eia kekahi, e like me ka mahana hana, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā wahie i ke kiʻekiʻe wela wahie a me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa wahie wahie, ka mea mua loa komo paʻa oxide wahie keena (SOFC) a me ka hoʻoheheʻe carbonate wahie keena (MCFC), ʻO ka hope loa me proton wahie wahie (MCPEMFC wahie cell), ka mea hope loa me ka proton wahie wahie (McPEMFC wahie cell). (AFC), phosphoric acid fuel cell (PAFC), etc.
ʻO ka membrane hoʻololi protonhoʻohana ʻia nā mea hoʻoheheʻe wahie (PEMFC) i nā membrane polymer acidic e like me kā lākou electrolytes. Pono nā pūnaewele PEMFC e hana ma lalo o ke kinoea hydrogen maʻemaʻe ma muli o ko lākou haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa (ma lalo o 100 ° C) a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā electrodes metala hanohano (platinum based electrodes). Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā ʻāpana wahie ʻē aʻe, loaʻa iā PEMFC nā pōmaikaʻi o ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻomaka ʻana, ka mana kiʻekiʻe, ka electrolyte non-corrosive a me ke ola lawelawe lōʻihi. No laila, ua lilo ia i ka ʻenehana mainstream i kēia manawa i hoʻohana ʻia i nā kaʻa kaʻa wahie, akā pili pū kekahi i nā hāmeʻa paʻa a paʻa. Wahi a E4 Tech, ua manaʻo ʻia ka hoʻouna ʻana o ka pahu wahie PEMFC i 44,100 mau ʻāpana ma 2019, e helu ana no 62% o ka māhele honua; ʻO ka mana i manaʻo ʻia e hiki i ka 934.2MW, ʻo 83% ka nui o ka honua.
Hoʻohana nā pūnaehu wahie i nā hopena electrochemical e hoʻololi i ka ikehu kemika mai ka wahie (hydrogen) ma ka anode a me ka oxidant (oxygen) ma ka cathode i uila e hoʻokele i ke kaʻa holoʻokoʻa. ʻO ke ʻano kikoʻī, ʻo nā ʻāpana koʻikoʻi o nā wahie he ʻōnaehana ʻenekini, lako mana kōkua a me ka moto; Ma waena o lākou, ʻo ka ʻōnaehana mīkini ka mea nui i ka mīkini i haku ʻia me ka reactor uila, ka ʻōnaehana mālama hydrogen kaʻa, ʻōnaehana hoʻomaha a me ka mea hoʻololi uila DCDC. ʻO ka reactor ka mea koʻikoʻi loa. ʻO ia kahi e hana ai ka hydrogen a me ka oxygen. Hoʻokumu ʻia ia i nā pūnaewele hoʻokahi i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, a ʻo nā mea nui e pili ana i ka pā bipolar, membrane electrode, end plate a pēlā aku.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: ʻAukake-23-2022