Zomwe zili mu Malamulo awiri ofunikira omwe amafunidwa ndi Renewable Energy Directive (RED II) yovomerezedwa ndi European Union (I)

Malinga ndi lipoti lochokera ku European Commission, lamulo loyamba lothandizira limatanthauzira zofunikira kuti haidrojeni, mafuta ochokera ku haidrojeni kapena zinthu zina zonyamula mphamvu zigawidwe ngati mafuta ongowonjezedwanso omwe si achilengedwe (RFNBO). Lamuloli likufotokoza bwino mfundo ya "kuwonjezera" kwa haidrojeni yomwe yafotokozedwa mu EU Renewable Energy Directive, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti maselo amagetsi opanga haidrojeni ayenera kulumikizidwa ku kupanga magetsi atsopano ongowonjezedwanso. Mfundo iyi yowonjezera tsopano imatanthauzidwa ngati "mapulojekiti amagetsi ongowonjezedwanso omwe amayamba kugwira ntchito osapitirira miyezi 36 malo opangira haidrojeni ndi zinthu zake zotumphukira". Cholinga cha mfundoyi ndikuwonetsetsa kuti kupanga haidrojeni yongowonjezedwanso kumalimbikitsa kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zongowonjezedwanso zomwe zilipo pa gridi poyerekeza ndi zomwe zilipo kale. Mwanjira imeneyi, kupanga haidrojeni kudzathandizira kuchotsa mpweya woipa ndikuthandizira khama lamagetsi, pomwe kupewa kukakamiza kupanga magetsi.

Bungwe la European Commission likuyembekeza kuti kufunikira kwa magetsi pakupanga haidrojeni kudzawonjezeka pofika chaka cha 2030 chifukwa cha kufalikira kwakukulu kwa maselo akuluakulu amagetsi. Kuti akwaniritse cholinga cha REPowerEU chopanga matani 10 miliyoni amafuta obwezerezedwanso kuchokera kuzinthu zopanda chilengedwe pofika chaka cha 2030, EU idzafunika pafupifupi 500 TWh yamagetsi obwezerezedwanso, omwe ndi ofanana ndi 14% ya mphamvu zonse zomwe EU imagwiritsa ntchito panthawiyo. Cholinga ichi chikuwonetsedwa mu lingaliro la bungweli lokweza cholinga cha mphamvu zobwezerezedwanso kufika pa 45% pofika chaka cha 2030.

Lamulo loyamba lothandizira limalongosolanso njira zosiyanasiyana zomwe opanga angasonyezere kuti magetsi obwezerezedwanso omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga haidrojeni akutsatira lamulo lowonjezera. Limaperekanso miyezo yowonetsetsa kuti haidrojeni yobwezerezedwanso imapangidwa pokhapokha ngati pali mphamvu yobwezerezedwanso yokwanira (yotchedwa kufunika kwa nthawi ndi malo). Kuti tiganizire zomwe zaperekedwa kale komanso kuti gawoli lizigwirizana ndi dongosolo latsopanoli, malamulowo adzayamba pang'onopang'ono ndipo adzapangidwa kuti akhale okhwima pakapita nthawi.

Chikalata chovomerezeka cha European Union chaka chatha chidafuna kuti pakhale mgwirizano pakati pa magetsi ongowonjezedwanso ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito kawo pa ola limodzi, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti opanga magetsi ayenera kutsimikizira ola limodzi kuti magetsi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'maselo awo amachokera ku magwero atsopano ongowonjezedwanso.

Nyumba Yamalamulo ya ku Ulaya inakana mgwirizano wotsutsana wa ola limodzi mu Seputembala 2022 pambuyo poti bungwe la EU logulitsa Hydrogen ndi makampani opanga hydrogen, motsogozedwa ndi Council for Renewable Hydrogen Energy, lanena kuti sizingatheke ndipo lingapangitse kuti ndalama zobiriwira za hydrogen zikwere.

Nthawi ino, lamulo lovomerezeka la komishoni likusokoneza maudindo awiriwa: opanga haidrojeni azitha kufananiza kupanga kwawo haidrojeni ndi mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa zomwe adalembetsa mwezi uliwonse mpaka pa Januwale 1, 2030, ndipo pambuyo pake amalandira maulalo ola limodzi okha. Kuphatikiza apo, lamuloli limakhazikitsa gawo losinthira, kulola mapulojekiti obiriwira a haidrojeni omwe akugwira ntchito kumapeto kwa 2027 kuti asapatsidwe gawo lowonjezera mpaka 2038. Nthawi yosinthirayi ikufanana ndi nthawi yomwe selo limakula ndikulowa pamsika. Komabe, kuyambira pa 1 Julayi 2027, mayiko omwe ali mamembala ali ndi mwayi wokhazikitsa malamulo okhwima odalira nthawi.

Ponena za kufunika kwa malo, lamuloli limati zomera zongowonjezwdwa mphamvu ndi maselo amagetsi omwe amapanga haidrojeni zimayikidwa pamalo amodzi onyowa, omwe amatanthauzidwa kuti ndi malo akuluakulu kwambiri (nthawi zambiri malire a dziko) momwe omwe akugulitsa amatha kusinthana mphamvu popanda kugawa mphamvu. Komitiyi inati izi zinali zowonetsetsa kuti palibe kutsekeka kwa gridi pakati pa maselo omwe amapanga haidrojeni yongowonjezwdwa ndi magetsi ongowonjezwdwa, ndipo kunali koyenera kuti mayunitsi onse awiri akhale pamalo amodzi onyowa. Malamulo omwewo amagwiranso ntchito ku haidrojeni wobiriwira wolowetsedwa ku EU ndikuyikidwa kudzera mu ndondomeko ya satifiketi.