Ko te pākahiko lithium he momo pākahiko e whakamahi ana i te konganuku lithium, i te koranu lithium rānei hei rauemi hiko kino me te otinga hiko kore-wai. Ko ngā pākahiko lithium te nuinga o te wā e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā hua matihiko i te ao tuku iho, ā, e whakamahia ana i roto i te ao o ngā pākahiko hiko me te rokiroki pūngao i roto i ngā ao hou.
He nui ngā rauemi lithium a Haina, ā, he mekameka katoa o te umanga pākahiko lithium, me te turanga nui o ngā taranata, e hanga ana i a Haina hei rohe tino ataahua i roto i te whanaketanga o ngā pākahiko lithium me te umanga rauemi, ā, kua noho ko ia te turanga whakaputa rauemi pākahiko me te pākahiko lithium nui rawa atu o te ao. Ko te tihi o te mekameka umanga pākahiko lithium ko te cobalt, te manganese, te nickel ore, te lithium ore, me te graphite ore. I roto i te mekameka umanga hanga pākahiko lithium, ko te wāhanga matua o te kete pākahiko ko te matua pākahiko. I muri i te tākai o te matua pākahiko, ka whakauruhia te taura waea me te kiriata PVC hei hanga i te wae pākahiko, kātahi ka tāpirihia te hononga taura waea me te papa ara iahiko BMS hei hanga i te hua pākahiko hiko.
Te tātaritanga o runga o te mekameka ahumahi
Ko te pūtake o te pākahiko lithium ko te keri me te tukatuka i ngā rauemi mata, ko te nuinga ko ngā rauemi lithium, ngā rauemi cobalt me te graphite. E toru ngā rauemi mata e whakamahia ana e ngā waka hiko: te lithium carbonate, te cobalt me te graphite. E mārama ana he tino nui ngā rahui rauemi lithium o te ao, ā, i tēnei wā, 60% o ngā rauemi lithium kāore anō kia tūhuratia, kia whakawhanakehia hoki, engari ko te tohatoha o ngā maina lithium he tino kukū, ko te nuinga kei te rohe "triangle lithium" o Amerika ki te Tonga, Ahitereiria me Haina.
I tēnei wā, ko ngā rahui keri o te ao e tata ana ki te 7 miriona tana, ā, he nui te tohatoha. Ko ngā rahui o Congo (DRC), Ahitereiria me Cuba e 70% o ngā rahui o te ao, inā koa ko ngā rahui o Congo e 3.4 miriona tana, e neke atu ana i te 50% o te ao.
Te tātaritanga waenga o te umanga pākahiko lithium
Ko te pokapū o te mekameka umanga pākahiko lithium e uru ana ki ngā rauemi pai me ngā rauemi kino, tae atu ki ngā electrolytes, ngā ripa, ngā diaphragms me ngā pākahiko.
I roto i ēnei, ko te pūhiko lithium he kaikawe mō te taraiwa i ngā katote lithium i roto i te pūhiko lithium-ion, ā, he mahi nui tāna i roto i te whakahaere me te haumaru o te pūhiko lithium. Ko te kaupapa mahi o te pūhiko lithium-ion ko te tukanga utu me te tuku, arā, ka nekehia te katote lithium i waenga i ngā irahiko pai me ngā irahiko kino, ā, ko te electrolyte te reo mō te rere o te katote lithium. Ko te mahi matua o te diaphragm ko te wehe i ngā irahiko pai me ngā irahiko kino o te pūhiko, te ārai i te pa o ngā pou e rua me te poto o te ara iahiko, ā, he mahi anō hoki ki te tuku i ngā katote electrolyte.
Te tātaritanga o raro o te mekameka ahumahi pākahiko lithium
I te tau 2018, i piki ake te putanga o te mākete pākahiko lithium-ion o Haina mā te 26.71% i ia tau ki te 102.00GWh. Ko te putanga o Haina i te ao katoa he 54.03%, ā, kua noho ko ia te kaihanga pākahiko lithium-ion nui rawa atu o te ao. Ko ngā kamupene e tohu ana i ngā pākahiko lithium ko: Ningde era, BYD, Waterma, Guoxuan Hi-Tech me ētahi atu.
Mai i te mākete tono o ngā pākahiko lithium-ion i Haina, ko te pākahiko hiko i te tau 2018 i akiakihia e te whanaketanga tere o te umanga motuka hiko hou. I piki ake te putanga mā te 46.07% i ia tau ki te 65GWh, koinei te wāhanga nui rawa atu; ko te mākete pākahiko mamati 3C i te tau 2018 i pumau te tipu, ā, i heke te putanga mā te 2.15% i ia tau ki te 31.8GWh, ā, i heke te tere tipu. Heoi, ko te mara pākahiko mamati teitei e tohuhia ana e ngā pākahiko ngāwari, ngā pākahiko mamati tere teitei me ngā putea ngohengohe mamati teitei kei raro i ngā taputapu mau, ngā drones, me te matauranga teitei. I akiakihia e ngā wāhanga mākete pēnei i ngā waea pūkoro, kua noho hei wāhanga tipu tere o te mākete pākahiko mamati 3C; i te tau 2018, i piki ake ngā pākahiko lithium-ion rokiroki hiko o Haina mā te 48.57% ki te 5.2GWh.
Pūhiko Mana
I ngā tau tata nei, kua tere te whanaketanga o te pākahiko lithium-ion hiko o Haina, nā te tautoko kaha o ngā kaupapa here ā-motu mō te umanga motuka hiko hou. I te tau 2018, i piki ake te putanga o ngā waka hiko hou o Haina mā te 50.62% i ia tau ki te 1.22 miriona waeine, ā, ko te putanga he 14.66 ngā wā i tērā o te tau 2014. Nā te whanaketanga o te mākete waka hiko hou, i tere tonu te tipu o te mākete pākahiko hiko o Haina i te tau 2017-2018. E ai ki ngā tatauranga rangahau, i piki ake te putanga o te mākete pākahiko hiko o Haina i te tau 2018 mā te 46.07% i ia tau ki te 65GWh.
I te whakatinanatanga mana o te pūnaha tohu waka hiko hou, ka whakanui ake ngā kamupene waka wahie tuku iho i te whakatakotoranga o ngā waka hiko hou, ā, ka hanga tahi ngā kamupene o tāwāhi pērā i a Volkswagen me Daimler i ngā waka hiko hou ki Haina. Ka piki haere te hiahia mō te mākete pākahiko hiko o Haina. Mā te pupuri i te ia o te tipu tere, e matapaetia ana ka eke te CAGR o te hanga pākahiko hiko ki te 56.32% i roto i ngā tau e rua e whai ake nei, ā, ka neke atu te putanga pākahiko hiko i te 158.8GWh i te tau 2020.
Kei te tere tonu te tipu o te mākete pākahiko lithium-ion o Haina, ko te nuinga o ēnei ko te tere o te tipu o te mākete pākahiko hiko. I te tau 2018, ko ngā umanga e rima o runga i te mākete pākahiko hiko o Haina i 71.60% o te uara putanga, ā, i pai ake te kukū o te mākete.
Ko te pākahiko hiko o te heke mai te miihini tipu nui rawa atu i te ao o ngā pākahiko lithium-ion. Kua whakatauhia tōna au ki te kiato pūngao teitei me te haumaru teitei. Ko ngā pākahiko hiko me ngā pākahiko lithium-ion mamati teitei ka noho hei pūwāhi tipu matua i roto i te mākete pākahiko lithium-ion, ā, ko ngā pākahiko lithium kei roto i te 6μm. Ko te pepa parahi tetahi o ngā rauemi mata matua mō ngā pākahiko lithium-ion, ā, ka noho hei arotahi mō ngā umanga matua.
Pūhiko 3C
I te tau 2018, i heke te hanga pākahiko mamati o Haina mā te 2.15% i ia tau ki te 31.8GWh. E matapaetia ana e GGII ka eke te CAGR o te pākahiko mamati ki te 7.87% i roto i ngā tau e rua e whai ake nei. E matapaetia ana ka eke te hanga pākahiko mamati o Haina ki te 34GWh i te tau 2019. I te tau 2020, ka eke te hanga pākahiko mamati o Haina ki te 37GWh, ā, ko ngā pākahiko matihiko kounga teitei, ngā pākahiko ngāwari, ngā pākahiko tere teitei, me ētahi atu ka akiakihia e ngā waea atamai kounga teitei, ngā taputapu mau, ngā waka rererangi, me ētahi atu, ka noho koia te tipu matua o te mākete pākahiko mamati.
Pūhiko rokiroki pūngao
Ahakoa he nui te mākete o te papa pākahiko lithium-ion rokiroki pūngao o Haina, he iti tonu te utu me te hangarau, ā, kei roto tonu i te wā whakaurunga mākete. I te tau 2018, i piki ake te putanga o ngā pākahiko lithium-ion rokiroki pūngao o Haina mā te 48.57% i ia tau ki te 5.2GWh. E matapaetia ana ka eke te putanga o ngā pākahiko lithium-ion rokiroki pūngao o Haina ki te 6.8GWh i te tau 2019.
Wā tuku: Hepetema-20-2019