Masana'antar kayan lantarki mara kyau tana maraba da sabon canjin kasuwa.
Sakamakon karuwar bukatar kasuwar batirin wutar lantarki ta kasar Sin, jigilar kayayyaki na anode da darajar fitarwa ta kasar Sin ta karu a shekarar 2018, wanda hakan ya haifar da karuwar kamfanonin kayayyakin anode.
Duk da haka, sakamakon tallafin kuɗi, gasar kasuwa, hauhawar farashin kayan masarufi da faduwar farashin kayayyaki, yawan kayan anode a kasuwa ya ƙaru, kuma rarrabuwar kawuna a masana'antar ta shiga wani sabon mataki.
A halin yanzu, yayin da masana'antar ke shiga matakin "rage farashi da ƙara inganci", samfuran graphite na halitta masu inganci da samfuran graphite na wucin gadi na iya hanzarta maye gurbin kayan anode masu ƙarancin inganci, wanda ke sa kasuwar kayan anode ta haɓaka a masana'antar.
Daga hangen nesa na kwance, kamfanonin kayan lantarki marasa kyau na yanzu ko kamfanoni da aka jera ko IPO masu zaman kansu suna neman tallafi don samun tallafin jari, suna taimaka wa kamfanoni faɗaɗa ƙarfin samarwa da haɓaka sabbin samfura. Ci gaban ƙananan da matsakaitan kamfanonin anode waɗanda ba su da fa'idodi masu gasa a ingancin samfura da fasaha da kuma a cikin tushen abokan ciniki zai ƙara zama da wahala.
Daga hangen nesa na tsaye, domin inganta inganci da rage farashi, kamfanonin kayan lantarki marasa kyau sun faɗaɗa ƙarfin samarwarsu kuma sun faɗaɗa zuwa masana'antar sarrafa graphitization na sama, suna rage farashi ta hanyar faɗaɗa ƙarfin aiki da haɓaka tsarin masana'antu, da kuma ƙara haɓaka gasa.
Babu shakka, haɗakar kayayyaki da saye-saye da haɗakar albarkatu tsakanin masana'antu da faɗaɗa masana'antar sarrafa graphitization da kanta za ta rage mahalarta kasuwa, ta hanzarta kawar da marasa ƙarfi, sannan a hankali za ta wargaza tsarin gasa "manyan abubuwa uku da ƙanana" da aka samar ta hanyar kayan da ba su da kyau. Matsayin gasa na kasuwar anode ta filastik.
Gasar tsara zane-zanen graphitization
A halin yanzu, gasar da ake yi a masana'antar kayan anode ta cikin gida har yanzu tana da ƙarfi sosai. Akwai gasa tsakanin kamfanonin manyan kamfanoni na matakin farko don samun matsayi na gaba. Akwai kuma manyan kamfanoni na mataki na biyu da ke faɗaɗa ƙarfinsu. Kuna bin juna don rage gasa da kamfanonin manyan kamfanoni. Wasu daga cikin matsin lamba na sabbin masu fafatawa.
Sakamakon buƙatar batura masu amfani da wutar lantarki a kasuwa, yawan kasuwar graphite ta wucin gadi yana ci gaba da ƙaruwa don samar da buƙatar faɗaɗa ƙarfin kamfanonin anode.
Tun daga shekarar 2018, an fara aiwatar da manyan ayyukan saka hannun jari na cikin gida don kayan anode a jere, kuma girman ƙarfin samar da kayayyaki ya kai tan 50,000 ko ma tan 100,000 a kowace shekara, galibi bisa ga ayyukan graphite na wucin gadi.
Daga cikinsu, kamfanonin da ke da matsayi na farko sun ƙara ƙarfafa matsayinsu na kasuwa da rage farashi ta hanyar faɗaɗa ƙarfin samar da kayayyaki. Kamfanonin da ke da matsayi na biyu suna ƙara kusantar matakin farko ta hanyar faɗaɗa ƙarfin aiki, amma ba su da isasshen tallafin kuɗi da rashin gasa a sabbin kayayyaki da fasahohi.
Kamfanonin da ke matsayi na farko da na biyu a fannin samar da wutar lantarki, ciki har da Beitray, Shanshan Technology, Jiangxi Zijing, Kaijin Energy, Xiangfenghua, Shenzhen Snow, da Jiangxi Zhengtuo, da kuma sabbin masu shiga, sun fadada karfin samar da wutar lantarki a matsayin hanyar shiga domin kara karfin gasa. Tushen gina karfin wutar lantarki ya fi yawa a Inner Mongolia ko Arewa maso Yamma.
Graphitization ya kai kusan kashi 50% na farashin kayan anode, yawanci a cikin nau'in kwangila. Domin ƙara rage farashin masana'antu da inganta ribar samfura, kamfanonin kayan anode sun gina nasu tsarin sarrafa graphitization a matsayin tsari mai mahimmanci don haɓaka gasa.
A cikin Inner Mongolia, tare da wadataccen albarkatunta da ƙarancin farashin wutar lantarki na 0.36 yuan / KWh (mafi ƙarancin zuwa 0.26 yuan / KWh), ya zama wurin da aka fi so don masana'antar graphite na kamfanin lantarki mai rauni. Daga cikin su akwai Shanshan, Jiangxi Zijing, Shenzhen Snow, Dongguan Kaijin, Xinxin Sabbin Kayan Aiki, Guangrui New Energy, da sauransu, duk suna da ƙarfin graphitization a Inner Mongolia.
Za a fitar da sabon ƙarfin samarwa daga shekarar 2018. Ana sa ran za a fitar da ƙarfin samar da graphitization a Inner Mongolia a shekarar 2019, kuma kuɗin sarrafa graphitization zai ragu.
A ranar 3 ga watan Agusta, babban tushen samar da sinadarin anode na batirin lithium mafi girma a duniya - Shanshan Technology ta samar da tan 100,000 na kayan anode na shekara-shekara na Baotou, aikin ginin Baotou da aka haɗa a hukumance ya fara aiki a gundumar Qingshan, birnin Baotou.
An fahimci cewa Shanshan Technology tana da jarin Yuan biliyan 3.8 a kowace shekara a cikin kayan anode mai nauyin tan 100,000 don kayan anode. Bayan an kammala aikin kuma an fara samarwa, za ta iya samar da tan 60,000 na kayan anode na graphite da tan 40,000 na kayan anode na graphite mai rufi da carbon. Ana iya samar da tan 50,000 na sarrafa graphitization a kowace shekara.
A cewar bayanan bincike daga Cibiyar Bincike da Ci Gaban Binciken Wutar Lantarki ta Lithium (GGII), jimillar kayan anode na batirin lithium a China ya kai tan 192,000 a shekarar 2018, karuwar kashi 31.2% a shekara bayan shekara. Daga cikinsu, jigilar kayan anode na Shanshan Technology ya zo na biyu a masana'antar, kuma jigilar kayan graphite na wucin gadi ya zo na farko.
"Muna da tan 100,000 na samarwa a wannan shekarar. Nan da shekara mai zuwa da kuma shekara mai zuwa, za mu fadada karfin samar da kayayyaki cikin sauri, kuma za mu fahimci karfin farashi na masana'antar cikin sauri tare da aiki mai girma da farashi." in ji Zheng Yonggang, Shugaban Hukumar Daraktocin Shanshan Holdings.
Babu shakka, dabarar Shanshan ita ce rage farashin samarwa ta hanyar faɗaɗa ƙarfin aiki, don haka mamaye ciniki tsakanin kayayyaki, da kuma samar da tasiri mai ƙarfi a kasuwa ga sauran kamfanonin kayan lantarki marasa kyau, ta haka ne za a haɓaka da kuma haɗa hannun jari a kasuwar. Domin kada su zama marasa amfani gaba ɗaya, sauran kamfanonin lantarki marasa kyau dole ne su shiga ƙungiyar faɗaɗa ƙarfin aiki, amma yawancinsu ƙananan ƙarfin samarwa ne.
Ya kamata a lura cewa duk da cewa kamfanonin kayan anode suna faɗaɗa ƙarfin samar da su, yayin da buƙatun aiki na samfuran batirin wutar lantarki ke ci gaba da ƙaruwa, ana sanya ƙarin buƙatu kan aikin kayan anode. Manyan samfuran graphite na halitta da graphite na wucin gadi suna hanzarta maye gurbin kayan anode masu ƙarancin inganci, wanda ke nufin cewa ba za a iya biyan adadi mai yawa na ƙananan da matsakaitan masana'antu na anode ta hanyar buƙatar batura masu inganci ba.
An ƙara inganta yawan jama'a a kasuwa
Kamar yadda yake a kasuwar batirin wutar lantarki, yawan kasuwar kayan anode yana ƙaruwa, tare da wasu manyan kamfanoni da ke da babban hannun jari a kasuwa.
Kididdigar GGII ta nuna cewa a shekarar 2018, jimillar kayayyakin anode na batirin lithium na kasar Sin sun kai tan 192,000, karuwar kashi 31.2%.
Daga cikin su, Betray, Shanshan Technology, Jiangxi Zijing, Dongguan Kaijin, Xiangfenghua, Zhongke Xingcheng, Jiangxi Zhengtuo, Shenzhen dusar ƙanƙara, Shenzhen Jinrun, Changsha Geji da sauran munanan kayayyakin kamfanonin kafin jigilar kaya goma.
A shekarar 2018, jigilar kayan anode na TOP4 ya wuce tan 25,000, kuma kason kasuwa na TOP4 ya kai kashi 71%, wanda ya karu da maki 4 cikin 100 daga shekarar 2017, kuma jigilar kamfanoni da manyan kamfanoni bayan matsayi na biyar. Gibin girma yana ƙaruwa. Babban dalili shi ne cewa tsarin gasa na kasuwar batirin wutar lantarki ya fuskanci manyan canje-canje, wanda ya haifar da canji a tsarin gasa na kayan anode.
Kididdigar GGII ta nuna cewa jimillar ƙarfin batirin wutar lantarki da aka shigar a China a rabin farko na shekarar 2019 ya kai kimanin 30.01GWh, wanda ya karu da kashi 93% a shekara bayan shekara. Daga cikinsu, jimillar ƙarfin da aka shigar na manyan kamfanonin batirin wutar lantarki guda goma ya kai kimanin 26.38GWh, wanda ya kai kusan kashi 88% na jimillar.
Daga cikin manyan kamfanonin batir masu amfani da wutar lantarki guda goma dangane da jimlar wutar lantarki da aka shigar, batirin zamanin Ningde, BYD, Guoxuan Hi-Tech, da Lishen ne kawai ke cikin manyan kamfanoni goma, kuma matsayin sauran kamfanonin batir yana canzawa kowace wata.
Sakamakon canje-canje a kasuwar batirin wutar lantarki, gasar kasuwa don kayan anode ta canza daidai gwargwado. Daga cikinsu, Shanshan Technology, Jiangxi Zijing da Dongguan Kaijin galibi sun ƙunshi samfuran graphite na wucin gadi. Ƙungiyar abokan ciniki masu inganci kamar Ningde Times, BYD, Yiwei Lithium Energy da Lishen Batirin ne ke jagorantar su. Jigilar kayayyaki ta ƙaru sosai kuma hannun jarin kasuwa ya ƙaru.
Wasu daga cikin kamfanonin da ke amfani da na'urorin lantarki masu cutarwa sun fuskanci raguwa sosai a karfin shigar da kayayyakin batirin kamfanin a shekarar 2018.
Idan aka yi la'akari da gasar da ake yi a kasuwar batirin wutar lantarki, kasuwar manyan kamfanonin batiri guda goma ta kai kusan kashi 90%, wanda ke nufin cewa damar kasuwa ta wasu kamfanonin batirin tana ƙara yin yawa, sannan a tura ta zuwa ga filin kayan anode na sama, wanda hakan ya sa ƙungiyar ƙananan da matsakaitan kamfanonin anode ke fuskantar matsin lamba mai girma game da rayuwa.
GGII ta yi imanin cewa a cikin shekaru uku masu zuwa, gasar da ake yi a kasuwar kayan anode za ta ƙara ƙarfi, kuma za a kawar da ƙarancin ƙarfin maimaitawa. Kamfanoni masu manyan fasahohi da hanyoyin abokan ciniki masu amfani za su iya cimma gagarumin ci gaba.
Za a ƙara inganta yawan kasuwar. Ga kamfanonin kayan anode na biyu da na uku, babu shakka matsin lamba na aiki zai ƙaru, kuma yana buƙatar tsara hanyar da za a bi.
Lokacin Saƙo: Oktoba-09-2019