Warshadaha walxaha elektaroonigga ah ee taban ayaa soo dhaweynaya isbeddel suuqeed cusub.
Iyada oo laga faa'iideysanayo kobaca baahida suuqa baytariyada korontada ee Shiinaha, rarista walxaha anode-ka ee Shiinaha iyo qiimaha wax soo saarka ayaa kordhay 2018, taasoo horseeday kobaca shirkadaha agabka anode-ka.
Si kastaba ha ahaatee, iyadoo ay saameeyeen kabitaannada, tartanka suuqa, qiimaha alaabta ceeriin ee kor u kacaya iyo qiimaha badeecadaha oo hoos u dhacaya, uruurinta suuqa ee walxaha anode ayaa sii korodhay, kala qaybsanaanta warshaduhuna waxay gashay marxalad cusub.
Waqtigan xaadirka ah, maadaama warshaduhu ay galayaan marxaladda "hoos u dhigista kharashka iyo kordhinta tayada", graphite dabiiciga ah ee heerka sare ah iyo alaabada graphite-ka macmalka ah ayaa dedejin kara beddelka agabka anode-ka ee heerka hoose ah, taasoo ka dhigaysa tartanka suuqa ee warshadaha agabka anode-ka mid casri ah.
Marka laga eego dhinaca toosan, shirkadaha hadda jira ee qalabka elektaroonigga ah ee taban ama shirkadaha liiska ku jira ama IPO-yada madaxa-bannaan waxay raadinayaan taageero si ay u helaan taageero raasumaal ah, iyagoo ka caawinaya shirkadaha inay ballaariyaan awoodda wax soo saarka iyo inay horumariyaan alaabooyin cusub. Horumarinta shirkadaha yaryar iyo kuwa dhexdhexaadka ah ee aan lahayn faa'iidooyin tartan ah oo ku saabsan tayada badeecadaha iyo tignoolajiyada iyo sidoo kale saldhigga macaamiisha ayaa sii adkaan doonta.
Marka laga eego dhinaca toosan, si loo horumariyo tayada loona yareeyo kharashyada, shirkadaha qalabka elektaroonigga ah ee taban ayaa ballaariyay awooddooda wax soo saar waxayna u fidiyeen warshadaha farsamaynta garaafka ee kor u kaca, iyagoo yareynaya kharashyada iyada oo loo marayo ballaarinta awoodda iyo horumarinta habka wax soo saarka, iyo sii xoojinta tartankooda.
Shaki la'aan, isku-darka iyo iibsiga iyo is-dhexgalka kheyraadka ee u dhexeeya warshadaha iyo ballaarinta warshadaha wax-soo-saarka garaafka ee is-dhismay ayaa shaki la'aan yareyn doona ka qaybgalayaasha suuqa, dedejin doona ka takhalusidda kuwa daciifka ah, iyo si tartiib tartiib ah u burburin doona qaababka tartanka "saddexda waaweyn iyo kuwa yaryar" ee ay sameeyeen agabyada taban. Darajada tartanka ee suuqa anode-ka ee balaastikada ah.
Loolanka loogu jiro qaabeynta garaafisaynta
Waqtigan xaadirka ah, tartanka warshadaha agabka anode-ka ee gudaha ayaa weli aad u daran. Waxaa jira tartan u dhexeeya shirkadaha heerka koowaad ee heerka koowaad si ay u qabtaan booska hoggaamineed. Waxaa sidoo kale jira shirkado heerka labaad ah oo si firfircoon u ballaarinaya awooddooda. Waxaad isku eryaneysaan si aad u yareysaan tartanka shirkadaha safka hore. Qaar ka mid ah cadaadiska suurtagalka ah ee tartamayaasha cusub.
Iyada oo ay sabab u tahay baahida suuqa ee baytariyada korontada, saamiga suuqa graphite-ka macmalka ah ayaa sii kordhaya si loo bixiyo baahida ballaarinta awoodda shirkadaha anode.
Tan iyo 2018, mashaariicda maalgashiga baaxadda weyn ee gudaha ee loogu talagalay agabka anode ayaa si isdaba joog ah loo hirgeliyay, baaxadda awoodda wax soo saarka shaqsiga ahna waxay gaartay 50,000 tan ama xitaa 100,000 tan sannadkii, taasoo inta badan ku salaysan mashaariicda garaafka macmalka ah.
Kuwaas waxaa ka mid ah, shirkadaha heerka koowaad ee heerka koowaad waxay sii xoojinayaan booskooda suuqa waxayna yareeyaan kharashaadka iyagoo ballaarinaya awooddooda wax soo saar. Shirkadaha heerka labaad ee heerka labaad waxay u sii dhowaanayaan heerka koowaad ee heerka iyagoo adeegsanaya ballaarinta awoodda, laakiin ma haystaan taageero dhaqaale oo ku filan iyo la'aanta tartan ku saabsan alaabada iyo teknoolojiyada cusub.
Shirkadaha heerka koowaad iyo labaad ee heerka sare ah, oo ay ku jiraan Beitray, Shanshan Technology, Jiangxi Zijing, Kaijin Energy, Xiangfenghua, Shenzhen Snow, iyo Jiangxi Zhengtuo, iyo sidoo kale kuwa cusub ee soo galay, ayaa ballaariyay awooddooda wax soo saar iyagoo ah meel laga galo si kor loogu qaado tartankooda. Saldhigga dhismaha awoodda ayaa inta badan ku urursan Gudaha Mongolia ama Waqooyi-galbeed.
Graphitization waxay ka dhigan tahay qiyaastii 50% qiimaha walxaha anode-ka, badanaa qaab qandaraas-hoosaad ah. Si loo sii yareeyo kharashyada wax soo saarka loona hagaajiyo faa'iidada wax soo saarka, shirkadaha qalabka anode waxay dhisteen hab-raaca garaafiseedkooda u gaarka ah oo ah qaab-dhismeed istaraatiijiyadeed si kor loogu qaado tartankooda.
Gudaha Mongolia, oo leh kheyraad badan iyo qiimaha korontada oo hooseeya oo ah 0.36 yuan / KWh (ugu yaraan 0.26 yuan / KWh), waxay noqotay goobta laga doorto warshadda garaafka ee shirkadda elektroodka taban. Oo ay ku jiraan Shanshan, Jiangxi Zijing, Shenzhen Snow, Dongguan Kaijin, Xinxin New Materials, Guangrui New Energy, iwm., dhammaantood waxay leeyihiin awood garaafka gudaha Mongolia.
Awoodda wax soo saarka cusub ayaa la sii deyn doonaa laga bilaabo 2018. Waxaa la filayaa in awoodda wax soo saarka ee graphitization-ka ee Gudaha Mongolia la sii daayo 2019, khidmadda farsamaynta graphitization-kuna ay hoos u dhacdo.
Agoosto 3, saldhigga ugu weyn adduunka ee baytariyada lithium-ka ah ee anode - wax soo saarka sanadlaha ah ee Shanshan Technology oo ah 100,000 oo tan oo ah walxo anode ah mashruuca saldhigga isku dhafan ee Baotou ayaa si rasmi ah looga hawlgaliyay Degmada Qingshan, Magaalada Baotou.
Waxaa la fahansan yahay in Shanshan Technology ay sanad walba maalgashi dhan 3.8 bilyan oo yuan ku sameyso saldhigga isku-dhafka ah ee walxaha anode-ka ee 100,000-tan ee walxaha anode-ka. Marka mashruuca la dhammeeyo oo la geliyo wax soo saarka, waxay soo saari kartaa 60,000 oo tan oo ah walxaha anode-ka graphite iyo 40,000 oo tan oo ah walxaha anode-ka graphite-ka ee kaarboonka lagu dahaadhay. Awoodda wax soo saarka sanadlaha ah ee 50,000 oo tan oo ah habaynta garaafka.
Sida laga soo xigtay xog cilmi-baaris oo ka timid Machadka Cilmi-baarista Sare iyo Horumarinta Cilmi-baarista Awoodda Lithium (GGII), wadarta dhoofinta agabka anode-ka baytariga lithium ee Shiinaha ayaa gaartay 192,000 tan sannadkii 2018, taasoo ah koror sanadle ah oo dhan 31.2%. Kuwaas ka mid ah, shixnadaha agabka anode-ka ee Shanshan Technology ayaa kaalinta labaad ka galay warshadaha, shixnadaha graphite-ka macmalka ahna waxay kaalinta koowaad ka galeen.
"Waxaan sanadkan soo saarnaa 100,000 oo tan oo wax soo saar ah. Sannadka soo socda iyo sanadka soo socda, waxaan si dhakhso ah u ballaarin doonnaa awoodda wax soo saarka, waxaanan si dhakhso ah u fahmi doonnaa awoodda qiimaha warshadaha iyadoo la adeegsanayo waxqabadka miisaanka iyo kharashka." Zheng Yonggang, Guddoomiyaha Guddiga Agaasimayaasha Shanshan ayaa yiri.
Sida iska cad, istaraatiijiyadda Shanshan waa in la yareeyo kharashyada wax soo saarka iyada oo loo marayo ballaarinta awoodda, sidaas darteedna lagu xakameeyo gorgortanka badeecadaha, lana sameeyo saameyn xooggan oo suuqeed oo ku aaddan shirkadaha kale ee agabka elektaroonigga ah ee taban, taasoo kor u qaadaysa oo xoojinaysa saamigeeda suuqa. Si aysan gebi ahaanba u noqon kuwo aan firfircoonayn, shirkadaha kale ee elektaroonigga taban ee taban waa inay si dabiici ah ugu biiraan kooxda ballaarinta awoodda, laakiin intooda badan waa awood wax soo saar oo heer hoose ah.
Waxaa xusid mudan in inkastoo shirkadaha walxaha anode ay ballaarinayaan awooddooda wax soo saar, maadaama shuruudaha waxqabadka ee alaabada baytariyada awoodda leh ay sii kordhayaan, shuruudo sare ayaa la saarayaa waxqabadka badeecadaha anode. Badeecadaha graphite dabiiciga ah ee heerka sare ah iyo graphite-ka macmalka ah ayaa dardargeliya beddelka agabka anode ee heerka hoose ah, taasoo la macno ah in tiro badan oo shirkado yaryar iyo kuwa dhexdhexaad ah aan lagu dabooli karin baahida loo qabo baytariyada heerka sare ah.
Xoojinta suuqa ayaa sii kordheysa
Sida suuqa baytariyada korontada, uruurinta suuqa walxaha anode-ka ayaa sii kordheysa, iyadoo shirkado madax ah ay leeyihiin saami weyn oo suuqa ah.
Tirakoobka GGII wuxuu muujinayaa in sanadkii 2018, wadarta dhoofinta agabka anode-ka ee baytariyada lithium-ka ee Shiinaha ay gaartay 192,000 tan, taasoo ah koror dhan 31.2%.
iyaga ka mid ah, Betray, Shanshan Technology, Jiangxi Zijing, Dongguan Kaijin, Xiangfenghua, Zhongke Xingcheng, Jiangxi Zhengtuo, Shenzhen Snow, Shenzhen Jinrun, Changsha Geji iyo shirkado kale oo alaabta taban ka hor inta aan shixnadaha toban.
Sannadkii 2018, rarista agabka anode-ka ee TOP4 waxay dhaaftay 25,000 oo tan, saamiga suuqa ee TOP4 wuxuu gaaray 71%, taasoo kor u kacday 4 boqolkiiba dhibcood laga soo bilaabo 2017, rarista shirkadaha iyo shirkadaha madaxa ahna waxay ka dambeysay kaalinta shanaad. Farqiga mugga ayaa sii kordhaya. Sababta ugu weyn ayaa ah in qaabka tartanka ee suuqa baytariyada korontada uu sameeyay isbeddello waaweyn, taasoo keentay isbeddel ku yimid qaabka tartanka ee agabka anode-ka.
Tirakoobka GGII wuxuu muujinayaa in wadarta awoodda la rakibay ee baytariga korontada ee Shiinaha qeybtii hore ee 2019 ay ahayd qiyaastii 30.01GWh, taasoo ah koror sanadle ah oo dhan 93%. Kuwaas waxaa ka mid ah, wadarta awoodda la rakibay ee tobanka shirkadood ee ugu sarreeya baytariyada korontada waxay ahayd qiyaastii 26.38GWh, taasoo u dhiganta qiyaastii 88% guud ahaan.
Tobanka shirkadood ee ugu sarreeya baytariyada korontada marka la eego awoodda guud ee la rakibay, baytariyada Ningde, BYD, Guoxuan Hi-Tech, iyo Lishen oo keliya ayaa ka mid ah tobanka ugu sarreeya, qiimeynta shirkadaha kale ee baytariyadana way isbeddelaysaa bil kasta.
Iyada oo ay saameeyeen isbeddellada suuqa baytariyada korontada, tartanka suuqa ee agabka anode ayaa sidoo kale isbeddelay si waafaqsan. Kuwaas waxaa ka mid ah, Shanshan Technology, Jiangxi Zijing iyo Dongguan Kaijin waxay inta badan ka samaysan yihiin badeecooyin graphite macmal ah. Waxaa wada koox macaamiil tayo sare leh sida Ningde Times, BYD, Yiwei Lithium Energy iyo Lishen Battery. Dhoofinta ayaa si weyn u korodhay saamiga suuquna wuu kordhay.
Qaar ka mid ah shirkadaha qalabka elektaroonigga taban ayaa hoos u dhac weyn ku yimid awoodda rakibaadda ee alaabada baytariyada taban ee shirkadda sannadkii 2018.
Marka laga eego tartanka hadda ka jira suuqa baytariyada korontada, suuqa tobanka shirkadood ee ugu sarreeya baytariyada ayaa gaaraya ku dhawaad 90%, taasoo la macno ah in fursadaha suuqa ee shirkadaha kale ee baytariyada ay sii kordhayaan, ka dibna loo gudbiyo goobta agabka anode-ka ee kor u kaca, taasoo ka dhigaysa koox shirkado yaryar iyo kuwa dhexdhexaad ah inay la kulmaan cadaadis badbaado oo weyn.
GGII waxay aaminsan tahay in saddexda sano ee soo socota, tartanka suuqa walxaha anode uu sii xoogaysan doono, awoodda soo noqnoqoshada ee hoosena la baabi'in doono. Shirkadaha leh tignoolajiyada asaasiga ah iyo kanaalada macaamiisha ee faa'iidada leh waxay awoodi doonaan inay gaaraan kobac weyn.
Isu-soo-ururinta suuqa ayaa si dheeraad ah loo horumarin doonaa. Shirkadaha agabka anode-ka ee safka labaad iyo saddexaad, cadaadiska hawlgalka shaki la'aan wuu kordhi doonaa, waxayna u baahan tahay inay qorsheysato jidka hore.
Waqtiga boostada: Oktoobar-09-2019