Ngomhla we-10 kuSeptemba, isaziso esivela kwi-Australian Stock Exchange savuthuza umoya obandayo kwimarike yegrafiti. I-Syrah Resources (ASX:SYR) ithe iceba ukuthatha “inyathelo elikhawulezileyo” ukujongana nokuhla ngequbuliso kwamaxabiso egrafiti kwaye yathi amaxabiso egrafiti anokwehla ngakumbi kamva kulo nyaka.
Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, iinkampani zegrafiti ezidweliswe e-Australia kufuneka zingene "kwimo yasebusika" ngenxa yotshintsho olukwimeko yezoqoqosho: ukunciphisa imveliso, ukususa impahla, kunye nokunciphisa iindleko.
I-Syrah ilahlekelwe yimali kunyaka-mali ophelileyo. Nangona kunjalo, imeko yemarike iphinde yonakala, nto leyo eyanyanzela inkampani ukuba inciphise kakhulu imveliso yegrafiti kwimigodi yaseBalama eMozambique kwikota yesine ka-2019, ukusuka kwiitoni ezili-15,000 zokuqala ngenyanga ukuya kwiitoni ezimalunga nama-5,000.
Le nkampani iza kunciphisa ixabiso leeprojekthi zayo nge-$60 yezigidi ukuya kwi-$70 yezigidi kwiingxelo zemali zonyaka zexeshana ezikhutshwe kamva kule veki kwaye "iphinde ihlole ngokukhawuleza ezinye iindlela zokunciphisa iindleko zesakhiwo sikaBalama kunye nenkampani yonke".
I-Syrah iphonononge isicwangciso sayo sokusebenza sika-2020 yaza yavakalisa umnqweno wokunciphisa inkcitho, ngoko ke akukho siqinisekiso sokuba olu nciphiso lwemveliso luza kuba lolokugqibela.
I-Graphite ingasetyenziswa njengezinto ezisetyenziswa kwii-anode kwiibhetri ze-lithium-ion kwiifowuni eziphathwayo, iikhompyutha ze-notebook, izithuthi zombane kunye nezinye izixhobo ze-elektroniki, kwaye ikwasetyenziswa nakwizixhobo zokugcina amandla egridi.
Amaxabiso aphezulu egrafiti akhuthaze ukuba imali ingene kwiiprojekthi ezintsha ngaphandle kweTshayina. Kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo, imfuno entsha ikhuthaze ukunyuka okukhulu kwamaxabiso egrafiti kwaye ivule iiprojekthi ezininzi zasekhaya nezamazwe ngamazwe kwiinkampani zase-Australia.
(1) I-Syrah Resources yaqala ukuvelisa imveliso yorhwebo kwimayini yegrafiti yaseBalama eMozambique ngoJanuwari 2019, yoyisa ukucima kombane okweeveki ezintlanu ngenxa yeengxaki zomlilo kwaye yazisa iitoni ezingama-33,000 zegrafiti ecolekileyo kunye negrafiti entle kwikota kaDisemba.
(2) IGrapex Mining esePerth ifumene imali mboleko ye-$85 yezigidi (A$121 yezigidi) evela eCastlelake kunyaka ophelileyo ukuze iqhubele phambili iprojekthi yayo yegraphite yaseChilalo eTanzania.
(3) IMineral Resources isebenzisana neHazer Group ukuseka isityalo sokuvelisa igrafiti eyenziweyo eKwinana, eNtshona Ostreliya.
Nangona kunjalo, iTshayina iya kuhlala ililizwe eliphambili lokuvelisa igrafiti. Ngenxa yokuba igrafiti engqukuva ibiza kakhulu ukuyivelisa, kusetyenziswa ii-asidi ezinamandla kunye nezinye izinto ezisetyenziswayo, imveliso yegrafiti kurhwebo inqunyelwe eTshayina. Ezinye iinkampani ezingaphandle kweTshayina zizama ukuphuhlisa uthotho olutsha lokubonelela ngegrafiti engqukuva olunokusebenzisa indlela enobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo, kodwa akukaqinisekiswa ukuba imveliso yezorhwebo iyakhuphisana neTshayina.
Isibhengezo samva nje sibonisa ukuba iSyrah ibonakala ngathi ayijonganga kakuhle ngokupheleleyo indlela eqhuba ngayo imarike yegrafiti.
Uphononongo lokwenzeka kwezinto olukhutshwe yiSyrah ngo-2015 lucinga ukuba amaxabiso egrafiti aphakathi kwe-$1,000 ngetoni ngexesha lobomi bemigodi. Kolu phononongo lokwenzeka kwezinto, inkampani icaphule uphando lwamaxabiso angaphandle oluthi igrafiti inokubiza phakathi kwe-$1,000 kunye ne-$1,600 ngetoni phakathi kowama-2015 nowama-2019.
NgoJanuwari walo nyaka, iSyrah ikwaxelele abatyali-mali ukuba amaxabiso egrafiti kulindeleke ukuba abe phakathi kwe-$500 kunye ne-$600 ngetoni nganye kwiinyanga ezimbalwa zokuqala zika-2019, yongeza ukuba amaxabiso "aya kunyuka".
USyrah uthe amaxabiso egrafiti abe ngumyinge we-$400 ngetoni ukusukela nge-30 kaJuni, ehlile ukusuka kwiinyanga ezintathu ezidlulileyo ($457 ngetoni) kunye namaxabiso eenyanga ezimbalwa zokuqala zika-2019 ($469 ngetoni).
Iindleko zemveliso yeyunithi yeSyrah eBalama (ngaphandle kweendleko ezongezelelweyo ezifana nokuthutha impahla kunye nolawulo) beziyi-$567 ngetoni kwisiqingatha sokuqala sonyaka, nto leyo ethetha ukuba kukho umsantsa ongaphezulu kwe-$100 ngetoni phakathi kwamaxabiso angoku kunye neendleko zemveliso.
Kutshanje, inani leenkampani ezidweliswe kushishino lwebhetri ye-lithium yaseTshayina zikhuphe ingxelo yazo yokusebenza yesiqingatha sokuqala sonyaka ka-2019. Ngokwezibalo, phakathi kweenkampani ezingama-81, inzuzo epheleleyo yeenkampani ezingama-45 yehla unyaka nonyaka. Phakathi kweenkampani ezili-17 zezinto zokwakha ezikhulayo, zi-3 kuphela ezifikelele ekukhuleni kwenzuzo epheleleyo unyaka nonyaka, inzuzo epheleleyo yeenkampani ezili-14 yehla unyaka nonyaka, kwaye ukwehla bekungaphezulu kwe-15%. Phakathi kwazo, inzuzo epheleleyo yeShengyu Mining yehla nge-8390.00%.
Kwimarike esezantsi yeshishini elitsha lamandla, imfuno yeebhetri zezithuthi zombane ibuthathaka. Zichatshazelwe yinkxaso-mali yezithuthi ezintsha zamandla, iinkampani ezininzi zeemoto zinciphise ii-odolo zazo zeebhetri kwisiqingatha sesibini sonyaka.
Abanye abahlalutyi bemarike babonise ukuba ngenxa yokhuphiswano olukhulayo lwemarike kunye nokuhlanganiswa okukhawulezileyo kolu shishino, kuqikelelwa ukuba ngo-2020, iTshayina iya kuba neenkampani ezingama-20 ukuya kuma-30 kuphela zeebhetri zamandla, kwaye ngaphezulu kwama-80% amashishini aya kujongana nomngcipheko wokupheliswa.
Ukuvalelisa ekukhuleni okukhawulezayo, umkhusane weshishini le-lithium-ion ongena kwixesha lesitokhwe uyavuleka kancinci kancinci, kwaye neli shishini nalo liyabandezeleka. Nangona kunjalo, imakethi iya kuguquka kancinci kancinci ibe kukuvuthwa okanye ingasebenzi, kwaye kuya kuba lixesha lokuqinisekisa.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Sep-18-2019