Inzego zibishinzwe z’inganda n’amakuru, amashami y’imari (ibiro), ibiro bigenzura ubwishingizi by’intara, uturere twigenga, uturere duto duto duto duto duto duto duto duto duto duto duto n’imijyi ifite gahunda zitandukanye, hamwe n’ibigo bikuru bibishinzwe:
Kugira ngo hashyirwe mu bikorwa ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’itsinda rikuru ry’igihugu rishinzwe iterambere ry’inganda z’ibikoresho bishya hamwe n’inshingano z’ingenzi zatanzwe n’igitabo gishya cy’iterambere ry’inganda z’ibikoresho, no guteza imbere ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’inganda z’Ubushinwa mu 2025, Minisiteri y’Inganda n’Ikoranabuhanga mu Itangazamakuru, Minisiteri y’Imari, na Komisiyo Ishinzwe Igenzura ry’Ubwishingizi mu Bushinwa (nk’amashami atatu) bafashe icyemezo cyo gushyiraho itsinda rishya rya mbere ry’ibikoresho rikoreshwa hamwe n’uburyo bwo kwishyura ubwishingizi (nk’urwego rwa mbere rw’uburyo bw’ubwishingizi ku bikoresho bishya) kandi imirimo y’igerageza irakorwa. Ibikenewe biramenyeshwa ibi bikurikira:
Ubwa mbere, sobanukirwa neza akamaro ko gushyiraho uburyo bwa mbere bw'ubwishingizi ku bikoresho bishya
Ibikoresho bishya ni inkunga n'ishingiro ry'inganda zigezweho. Imikorere yabyo, ikoranabuhanga n'imikorere yabyo bigira ingaruka zitaziguye ku bwiza bw'ibicuruzwa n'umutekano w'umusaruro w'ibicuruzwa biri inyuma y'amazi nk'amakuru y'ikoranabuhanga n'ibikoresho byo mu rwego rwo hejuru. Mu ntangiriro y'ibikoresho bishya byinjira ku isoko, ni ngombwa kunyura mu isuzuma ry'igihe kirekire ry'ikoreshwa ry'ibicuruzwa ndetse n'ishoramari rinini ry'imari n'imigabane. Abakoresha biri inyuma y'amazi bafite ibyago bimwe na bimwe byo kubikoresha bwa mbere, bigatuma "ikoreshwa ry'ibikoresho ritameze neza, ibikoresho ntibikoreshwe", kandi umusaruro n'ikoreshwa ryabyo ntibigezweho kandi ntibigezweho. Ibibazo nko kwamamaza ibicuruzwa no kugorwa n'ikoreshwa.
Gushyiraho uburyo bwa mbere bw’ubwishingizi ku bikoresho bishya, kubahiriza ihame rya "ubuyobozi bwa leta, imikorere y’isoko", hagamijwe gukoresha uburyo bushingiye ku isoko kugira ngo hakorwe gahunda z’inzego zo kugenzura ingaruka no gusangira ibikoresho bishya, no guca mu mbogamizi z’ibanze ku isoko ry’ibikoresho bishya. Gushyira mu bikorwa no kurekura icyifuzo cy’ibikoresho bishya mu nganda zikiri hasi ni ingenzi cyane mu kwihutisha impinduka n’ikoreshwa ry’ibishya mu bicuruzwa, guteza imbere ivugurura ry’imiterere y’inganda zitanga ibikoresho gakondo, no kunoza urwego rw’iterambere rusange rw’inganda zitanga ibikoresho bishya mu Bushinwa.
Icya kabiri, ibikubiye mu cyiciro cya mbere cy'ubwishingizi ku bikoresho bishya
(1) Ibintu by'umupilote n'aho bigarukira
Minisiteri y’Inganda n’Ikoranabuhanga mu Itangazamakuru yateguye ibikoresho bishya byo mu Bushinwa mu 2025 n’ingabo n’abasivili, inategura itegurwa rya “Amabwiriza yo Gukoresha Ibikoresho Bishya by’ingenzi” (byitwa “Kataloge”). Icyiciro cya mbere cy’ibikoresho bishya ni ukugura ibikoresho bishya by’ubwoko bumwe n’ibisobanuro bya tekiniki muri Kataloge mu mwaka wa mbere. Igihe umukoresha agura bwa mbere ibikoresho bishya mu gihe cy’imikorere ya Kataloge ni ukubara igihe cyo gutangira umwaka wa mbere. Ikigo gikora ibikoresho bishya ni cyo gishyigikirwa na politiki y’ubwishingizi. Amasosiyete akoresha ibikoresho bishya mu cyiciro cya mbere ni yo agenerwa ubwishingizi. Kataloge izahindurwa hakurikijwe iterambere ry’inganda nshya z’ibikoresho n’imirimo y’igerageza. Ibikoresho byakoreshejwe mu itsinda rya mbere ry’ibikoresho bikoreshwa mu kwishimira politiki y’ubwishingizi ntibirebwa n’iyi politiki.
(2) Ubwishingizi n'ubwishingizi
Komisiyo Ishinzwe Igenzura ry’Ubwishingizi mu Bushinwa (CIRC) izayobora ibigo by’ubwishingizi gutanga ibikoresho bishya by’ubwishingizi ku birebana n’ubwiza n’umutekano (byitwa ubwishingizi bushya bw’ibikoresho) mu rwego rwo kwamamaza ibikoresho bishya, no kwishingira ingaruka mbi ku bwiza bw’ibikoresho bishya n’ingaruka mbi ku bw’ubwishingizi. Ingaruka mbi ku bwiza bw’ubwishingizi bw’umutungo ahanini zemeza ingaruka zo gusimbuza cyangwa kugarura abakoresha amasezerano bitewe n’inenge mu bwiza bw’ibikoresho bishya. Ingaruka mbi ku bw’ubwishingizi bw’umutungo ahanini zemeza ko umutungo w’uwakoresheje amasezerano watakaje cyangwa ko yakomereka cyangwa agapfa bitewe n’inenge z’ubwiza bw’ibikoresho bishya.
Inkunga ntarengwa ku bwishingizi bw'ibikoresho bishya izagenwa hashingiwe ku mubare w'amasezerano yo kugura n'umubare w'igihombo gishobora guterwa n'ibicuruzwa. Muri rusange, umubare ntarengwa w'inkunga za leta nturenga inshuro 5 z'umubare w'amasezerano, kandi ntarengwa nturenga miliyoni 500 z'amayuan, kandi igipimo cy'ubwishingizi ntikirenga 3%.
Gushishikariza ibigo by'ubwishingizi guhanga udushya no gutanga ibikoresho by'ubwishingizi nk'ubwishingizi bw'ubwikorezi bw'imizigo n'ubundi bwishingizi bw'inshingano hakurikijwe uko ibigo byifashe, no kwagura ubwishingizi.
(3) Uburyo bwo gukora
1. Tangaza ikigo cy’ubwishingizi. Minisiteri y’Ubucuruzi, Inganda n’Ikoranabuhanga mu Itangazamakuru na Minisiteri y’Imari ya Komisiyo Ishinzwe Igenzura ry’Ubwishingizi mu Bushinwa bashyize ahagaragara kandi batangaza urutonde rw’ibigo by’ubwishingizi ku isoko ry’ubwishingizi.
2. Ibigo bifite ubwishingizi ku bushake. Ikigo gishya gitunganya ibikoresho gifata icyemezo cyo kugura ubwishingizi bushya bw'ibikoresho hakurikijwe uko ibintu bimeze n'uko imikorere ihagaze.
3. Gusaba inkunga y’ubwishingizi bw’ibanze. Isosiyete y’ubwishingizi yujuje ibisabwa ishobora gusaba inkunga y’ubwishingizi bw’ibanze, kandi inkunga ni 80% by’ubwishingizi bw’umwaka. Igihe cy’ubwishingizi ni umwaka umwe kandi isosiyete ishobora kuvugurura uko bikenewe. Igihe cy’inkunga kibarwa hakurikijwe igihe nyacyo cy’ubwishingizi, kandi muri rusange ntikirenza imyaka 3. Inkunga y’ubwishingizi bw’ibanze iterwa inkunga binyuze mu ivugurura n’ivugurura ry’inganda (Byakozwe mu Bushinwa 2025) binyuze mu ngengo y’imari y’ishami rya Minisiteri y’Inganda n’Ikoranabuhanga mu Itangazamakuru.
4. Kunoza imikorere myiza. Ibigo by'ubwishingizi bigira uruhare mu mirimo y'igerageza bigomba gushyira mu bikorwa ibisabwa n'inyandiko zikenewe, gushyiraho amatsinda y'abahanga no kwihutisha ibirego, kongera imbaraga mu bucuruzi bushya bw'ibikoresho, no gukusanya amakuru y'ubwishingizi buri gihe, kunoza gahunda z'ubwishingizi, no kunoza uburyo bwo kumenya ingaruka z'ibigo mu bijyanye no gukora no gukoresha ibikoresho bishya. N'ubushobozi bwo kubikemura. Isosiyete y'ubwishingizi igomba gukoresha ingingo y'icyitegererezo kimwe mu gukora ubucuruzi bw'ubwishingizi (ingingo y'icyitegererezo igomba gutangwa ukwayo).
Ubuyobozi bw'itsinda rya mbere ry'imirimo y'igerageza ry'ubwishingizi bw'ibikoresho bishya bugomba gutangwa ukwabwo na CIRC.
Icya gatatu, gahunda y'akazi k'icyitegererezo
(1) Ikigo gisaba inkunga y’ubwishingizi bw’ibanze kigomba kuba cyujuje ibi bikurikira:
1. Yanditswe mu butaka bwa Repubulika y'Abaturage y'Ubushinwa kandi ifite ubuzima gatozi bwemewe n'amategeko.
2. Yakoze akazi ko gusohora ibikoresho bishya byanditse muri Kataloge.
3. Uburenganzira bw'ibanze ku ikoranabuhanga n'umutungo bwite mu by'ubwenge bw'ibicuruzwa bifite inkunga y'ubwishingizi.
4. Kugira ubushobozi bukomeye mu iterambere no mu iterambere ry’inganda hamwe n’itsinda ry’abahanga mu bya tekiniki.
(II) Gusaba inkunga y’inkunga y’ubwishingizi bw’ibanze bigomba gutegurwa hakurikijwe umuryango ngarukamwaka kuva mu ntangiriro za 2017, kandi amafaranga azategurwa mu buryo bw’inkunga nyuma y’inkunga. Ibigo byujuje ibisabwa bishobora gutanga inyandiko zisaba uko bikenewe. Ibigo byo mu gace bisaba Minisiteri y’Inganda n’Ikoranabuhanga mu Itangazamakuru binyuze mu mashami abifitiye ububasha y’inganda n’ikoranabuhanga mu itumanaho (aha havugwa inzego z’inganda n’amakuru ku rwego rw’intara) mu ntara zabo (uturere twigenga, imijyi igengwa na Guverinoma Nkuru, n’imijyi ifite gahunda zitandukanye), naho ibigo bikuru bigasaba Minisiteri y’Inganda n’Ikoranabuhanga mu Itangazamakuru mu buryo butaziguye. Minisiteri y’Inganda n’Ikoranabuhanga mu Itangazamakuru, hamwe na Minisiteri y’Imari na Komisiyo Ishinzwe Igenzura ry’Ubwishingizi mu Bushinwa, yahaye Komite Ngishwanama y’Igihugu Ishinzwe Iterambere ry’Inganda z’Ibikoresho Bishya gusuzuma ibikoresho by’inganda, gusuzuma urutonde rw’inama z’impuguke, no gutegura no gutanga amafaranga y’inkunga y’ubwishingizi bw’ubwishingizi bw’ubwishingizi hakurikijwe amabwiriza agenga ingengo y’imari.
(3) Kugira ngo imirimo igende neza mu 2017 ikore neza, ibigo byahawe ubwishingizi kuva ku itariki y’itangazo kugeza ku ya 30 Ugushyingo 2017 bizatanga ibikoresho bireba kuva ku ya 1 kugeza ku ya 15 Ukuboza (reba ku mugereka kugira ngo umenye ibisabwa byihariye). Ishami ry’inganda n’ubuyobozi bw’amakuru mu ntara n’ibigo bikuru bizatanga ibitekerezo by’igenzura n’ibikoresho bireba kuri Minisiteri y’Inganda n’Ikoranabuhanga mu Itangazamakuru (Umuryango w’Inganda z’Ibikoresho Bito) mbere y’itariki ya 25 Ukuboza, kugira ngo hakorwe neza ubugenzuzi. Izindi gahunda z’akazi ngarukamwaka zizatangazwa ukwazo.
(4) Ishami rishinzwe inganda n’amakuru, ishami ry’imari, n’ishami rishinzwe kugenzura ubwishingizi ku nzego zose rigomba kubishyira ku rwego rukomeye, rigakora akazi keza mu gutegura, guhuza no gutangaza no gusobanura akazi, kandi rigashishikariza ibigo gushyigikira ubwishingizi mu buryo bufatika. Muri icyo gihe, ni ngombwa kongera ubugenzuzi n’igenzura, kugenzura neza ukuri kw’ibikoresho bikoreshwa, no kongera imbaraga mu ikoreshwa ry’ibikoresho nyuma yo kugenzura no kugena ingaruka z’ikoreshwa ry’ibikoresho bya mbere kugira ngo hamenyekane ikoreshwa ry’imari. Ibigo n’ibigo by’ubwishingizi bifite ibikorwa by’uburiganya nk’ubwishingizi bw’uburiganya bizasabwa kugaruza amafaranga y’inkunga y’imari no kuyashyira ku rubuga rw’amashami atatu.
Igihe cyo kohereza: 27 Nzeri 2019