Emva kweminyaka engaphezu kwama-80 yophuhliso, ishishini le-calcium carbide laseTshayina libe lishishini elibalulekileyo lezinto ezisisiseko zekhemikhali. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, iqhutywa luphuhliso olukhawulezayo loqoqosho lwasekhaya kunye nemfuno ekhulayo ye-calcium carbide ngezantsi, amandla emveliso ye-calcium carbide yasekhaya akhule ngokukhawuleza. Ngo-2012, bekukho amashishini angama-311 e-calcium carbide eTshayina, kwaye imveliso ifikelele kwi-18 yezigidi zeetoni. Kwizixhobo ze-calcium carbide furnace, i-electrode yenye yezixhobo ezibalulekileyo, edlala indima yokuqhuba kunye nokudluliselwa kobushushu. Ekuvelisweni kwe-calcium carbide, umbane ungena kwisithando nge-electrode ukuvelisa i-arc, kwaye ubushushu bokumelana kunye nobushushu be-arc zisetyenziselwa ukukhupha amandla (ubushushu ukuya kuthi ga kwi-2000 ° C) ekunyibilikiseni i-calcium carbide. Ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwe-electrode kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezifana nomgangatho we-electrode paste, umgangatho wegobolondo le-electrode, umgangatho we-welding, ubude bexesha lokukhululwa koxinzelelo, kunye nobude bomsebenzi we-electrode. Ngexesha lokusetyenziswa kwe-electrode, inqanaba lokusebenza lomsebenzi womqhubi lingqongqo. Ukusebenza ngokungakhathali kwe-electrode kunokubangela ukwaphuka okuthambileyo nokuqinileyo kwe-electrode, kuchaphazele ukudluliselwa kunye nokuguqulwa kwamandla ombane, kubangele ukonakala kwemeko yesithando somlilo, kwaye kubangele nomonakalo kumatshini nakwizixhobo zombane. Ukhuseleko lobomi bomqhubi. Umzekelo, ngoNovemba 7, 2006, ukwaphuka okuthambileyo kwe-electrode kwenzeka kwisityalo se-calcium carbide eNingxia, nto leyo eyabangela ukuba abasebenzi abali-12 kwindawo yesiganeko batshiswe, kuquka ukufa komntu omnye kunye nokwenzakala okunzulu abali-9. Ngo-2009, ukwaphuka okuqinileyo kwe-electrode kwenzeka kwisityalo se-calcium carbide eXinjiang, nto leyo eyabangela ukuba abasebenzi abahlanu kwindawo yesiganeko batshiswe kakhulu.
Uhlalutyo lwezizathu zokuqhekeka okuthambileyo nokuqinileyo kwe-calcium carbide furnace electrode
1. Uhlalutyo lwesizathu sokuphuka okuthambileyo kwe-calcium carbide furnace electrode
Isantya sokutsha kwe-electrode siphantsi kunezinga lokusetyenziswa. Emva kokuba i-electrode engatshayelwanga ibekwe phantsi, iya kubangela ukuba i-electrode iphuke kancinci. Ukungaphumeleli ukukhupha umqhubi wesithando ngexesha kunokubangela ukutsha. Izizathu ezithile zokuphuka okuthambileyo kwe-electrode zezi:
1.1 Umgangatho ophantsi we-electrode paste kunye nokungaguquguquki okugqithisileyo.
1.2 Ishiti yesinyithi yeshelufu ye-electrode ibhityile kakhulu okanye ityebile kakhulu. Ibhityile kakhulu ukuba ingamelana namandla amakhulu angaphandle kunye nokuqhekeka, okubangela ukuba ibherele ye-electrode igobe okanye ivuze kwaye iqhekeke kancinci xa icinezelwe phantsi; ityebile kakhulu ukuba ingabangela ukuba ishelufu yesinyithi kunye nesiseko se-electrode zingadibani kwaye isiseko sinokubangela ukuqhekeka okuthambileyo.
1.3 Iqokobhe lesinyithi le-electrode lenziwe kakubi okanye umgangatho wokuwelda awulunganga, nto leyo ebangela ukuqhekeka, okubangela ukuvuza okanye ukuqhekeka okuthambileyo.
1.4 I-electrode icinezelwa kwaye ifakwa rhoqo, isithuba sifutshane kakhulu, okanye i-electrode inde kakhulu, nto leyo ebangela ukuqhekeka okuthambileyo.
1.5 Ukuba i-electrode paste ayongezwanga ngexesha, indawo ye-electrode paste iphezulu kakhulu okanye iphantsi kakhulu, nto leyo eya kubangela ukuba i-electrode iqhekeke.
1.6 Intlama ye-electrode inkulu kakhulu, ukungakhathali xa uyifaka intlama, iphumle kwiimbambo kwaye ingaphezulu, kunokubangela ukuqhekeka okuthambileyo.
1.7 I-electrode ayitshixwanga kakuhle. Xa i-electrode yehlisiwe nasemva kokuba yehlisiwe, umsinga awunakulawulwa ngokufanelekileyo, ukuze umsinga ube mkhulu kakhulu, kwaye ityala le-electrode litshiswe kwaye i-electrode yaphuke kancinci.
1.8 Xa isantya sokwehlisa i-electrode sikhawuleza kunesantya sokusila, iindawo zokuncamathisela ezikwimo ziyavezwa, okanye izinto eziqhubayo ziza kuvezwa, ityala le-electrode lithwala wonke umbane kwaye livelisa ubushushu obuninzi. Xa ityala le-electrode lishushu ngaphezu kwe-1200 ° C, amandla okutsalwa ancitshiswa ukuya kwi-Ayikwazi ukuthwala ubunzima be-electrode, kuya kwenzeka ingozi yokuqhekeka okuthambileyo.
2. Uhlalutyo lwesizathu sokuqhekeka okuqinileyo kwe-calcium carbide furnace electrode
Xa i-electrode yaphukile, ukuba i-calcium carbide enyibilikisiweyo itshiziwe, umqhubi akanazo iindlela zokuzikhusela kwaye ukungaphumeleli ukuphuma ngexesha kunokubangela ukutsha. Izizathu ezithile zokuqhekeka kwe-electrode zezi:
2.1 Intlama ye-electrode ayigcinwa kakuhle, umxholo wothuthu uphezulu kakhulu, ukungcola okuninzi kufakwe ngaphakathi, intlama ye-electrode ayinayo into encinci kakhulu, ukutsha kwangaphambi kwexesha okanye ukunamathela okubi, nto leyo ebangela ukuba i-electrode iqhekeke nzima.
2.2 Umlinganiselo owahlukileyo we-electrode paste, umlinganiselo omncinci we-binder, ukuxubana okungalinganiyo, amandla amabi e-electrode, kunye ne-binder engafanelekanga. Emva kokuba i-electrode paste inyibilikisiwe, ubukhulu bee-particles buya kwahluka, nto leyo enciphisa amandla e-electrode kwaye inokubangela ukuba i-electrode iqhekeke.
2.3 Kukho ukucima kombane okuninzi, kwaye umbane uhlala umiswa kwaye uvulwe. Kwimeko yokusilela kombane, amanyathelo afunekayo akathathwanga, nto leyo ekhokelela ekuqhekekeni nasekuqhekekeni kwe-electrode.
2.4 Kukho uthuli oluninzi oluwela kwiqokobhe le-electrode, ingakumbi emva kwexesha elide lokucima, umaleko omkhulu wothuthu uya kuqokelelana kwiqokobhe lesinyithi le-electrode. Ukuba ayicocwanga emva kokudluliselwa kombane, iya kubangela ukurhawuzelelwa kwe-electrode kunye nokwahlukana, okuya kubangela ukuqhekeka kwe-Electrode.
2.5 Ixesha lokusilela kombane lide, kwaye icandelo lokusebenza le-electrode alingcwatywanga kwitshaja kwaye linyibilikiswe kakhulu, nto leyo eya kubangela ukuba i-electrode iqhekeke nzima.
2.6 Ii-electrode ziphola ngokukhawuleza kwaye zifudumale ngokukhawuleza, nto leyo ebangela umahluko omkhulu woxinzelelo lwangaphakathi; umzekelo, umahluko wobushushu phakathi kwee-electrode ezifakwe ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwezinto ngexesha lokugcinwa; umahluko wobushushu phakathi kwangaphakathi nangaphandle kwento yoqhagamshelwano mkhulu; ukufudumeza okungalinganiyo ngexesha lokudluliselwa kwamandla kunokubangela ukuqhekeka okuqinileyo.
2.7 Ubude bokusebenza kwe-electrode bude kakhulu kwaye amandla okutsala makhulu kakhulu, nto leyo engumthwalo kwi-electrode ngokwayo. Ukuba umsebenzi awukhathali, unokubangela ukuqhekeka okunzima.
2.8 Ubungakanani bomoya obunikwa yityhubhu yokubamba i-electrode buncinci kakhulu okanye bumile, kwaye ubungakanani bamanzi okupholisa buncinci kakhulu, nto leyo ebangela ukuba i-electrode paste inyibilike kakhulu ize ifane namanzi, nto leyo ebangela ukuba izinto zekhabhoni ezithambileyo zikhawuleze, nto leyo echaphazela amandla okusila kwe-electrode, kwaye ibangele ukuba i-electrode iqhekeke nzima.
2.9 Uxinano lwangoku lwe-electrode lukhulu, nto leyo enokubangela ukuba i-electrode iqhekeke nzima.
Amanyathelo okuthintela ukuqhekeka kwe-electrode ethambileyo neqinileyo
1. Iindlela zokulwa nokuphazamiseka kwesithando se-calcium carbide
1.1 Lawula ngokufanelekileyo ubude bokusebenza kwe-electrode ukuze kuhlangatyezwane neemfuno zokuveliswa kwe-calcium carbide.
1.2 Isantya sokwehlisa kufuneka sihambelane nesantya sokusila kwe-electrode.
1.3 Jonga rhoqo ubude be-electrode kunye neenkqubo ezithambileyo neziqinileyo; ungasebenzisa nentsimbi yentsimbi ukuthabatha i-electrode kwaye umamele isandi. Ukuba uva isandi esibuthathaka kakhulu, sibonakala ngathi yi-electrode evuthiweyo. Ukuba asisosandi esibuthathaka kakhulu, i-electrode ithambile kakhulu. Ukongeza, imvakalelo nayo yahlukile. Ukuba intsimbi yentsimbi ayiziva ukuqina xa iqiniswa, ingqina ukuba i-electrode ithambile kwaye umthwalo kufuneka uphakanyiswe kancinci.
1.4 Jonga rhoqo ukuvuthwa kwe-electrode (ungagweba imeko ye-electrode ngamava, njenge-electrode elungileyo ebonisa ulusu olubomvu okwesibhakabhaka olunesinyithi esincinci; i-electrode imhlophe, ineemifantu zangaphakathi, kwaye ulusu lwesinyithi alubonakali, lomile kakhulu, i-electrode ikhupha umsi omnyama, umnyama, Inqaku elimhlophe, umgangatho we-electrode uthambile).
1.5 Hlola rhoqo umgangatho wokuwelda wegobolondo le-electrode, icandelo elinye lokuwelda ngakunye, kunye necandelo elinye lokuhlolwa.
1.6 Jonga umgangatho we-electrode paste rhoqo.
1.7 Ngexesha lokunyusa amandla kunye nokulayisha, umthwalo awunakwandiswa ngokukhawuleza kakhulu. Umthwalo kufuneka unyuswe ngokwexesha lokuvuthwa kwe-electrode.
1.8 Jonga rhoqo ukuba amandla okubamba e-electrode contact element afanelekile na.
1.9 Linganisa rhoqo ukuphakama kwekholamu yokuncamathisela i-electrode, kungabi phezulu kakhulu.
1.10 Abasebenzi abenza imisebenzi yobushushu obuphezulu kufuneka banxibe izixhobo zokuzikhusela ezimelana nobushushu obuphezulu kunye nokutshizwa ngamanzi.
2. Iindlela zokuchasana nokuthintela ukuqhekeka okunzima kwe-calcium carbide furnace electrode
2.1 Bamba ubude bokusebenza be-electrode ngokungqongqo. I-electrode kufuneka ilinganiswe rhoqo emva kweentsuku ezimbini kwaye kufuneka ichaneke. Ngokubanzi, ubude bokusebenza be-electrode buqinisekisiwe ukuba yi-1800-2000mm. Akuvumelekanga ukuba ibe nde kakhulu okanye imfutshane kakhulu.
2.2 Ukuba i-electrode inde kakhulu, ungalandisa ixesha lokukhululwa koxinzelelo kwaye unciphise umlinganiselo we-electrode kwesi sigaba.
2.3 Jonga ngokungqongqo umgangatho we-electrode paste. Umxholo wothuthu awunakudlula ixabiso elichaziweyo.
2.4 Jonga ngononophelo ubungakanani bomoya ofumaneka kwi-electrode kunye nendawo yegiya yeheater.
2.5 Emva kokucima kombane, i-electrode kufuneka igcinwe ishushu kangangoko. I-electrode kufuneka igqunywe ngezinto ukuze ithintele i-electrode ekubeni ingabi yi-oxidizing. Umthwalo awunakuphakanyiswa ngokukhawuleza emva kokudluliselwa kombane. Xa ixesha lokucima kombane lide, tshintsha uye kwi-electrode yombane yohlobo lwe-Y.
2.6 Ukuba i-electrode iqine yaphuka izihlandlo ezininzi zilandelelana, kufuneka kujongwe ukuba umgangatho we-electrode paste uyahlangabezana na neemfuno zenkqubo.
2.7 Ibharele ye-electrode emva kokuba ipeyinti ifakiwe kufuneka igqunywe ngesiciko ukuthintela uthuli ukuba lungawi.
2.8 Abasebenzi abenza imisebenzi yobushushu obuphezulu kufuneka banxibe izixhobo zokuzikhusela ezimelana nobushushu obuphezulu kunye nokutshizwa ngamanzi.
ukuququmbela
Ukuveliswa kwe-calcium carbide kufuneka kube namava amaninzi emveliso. Isithando ngasinye se-calcium carbide sineempawu zaso kangangexesha elithile. Ishishini kufuneka lishwankathele amava aluncedo kwinkqubo yemveliso, liqinise utyalo-mali kwimveliso ekhuselekileyo, kwaye lihlalutye ngononophelo izinto ezinobungozi zokuqhekeka okuthambileyo nokuqinileyo kwe-electrode yesithando se-calcium carbide. Inkqubo yolawulo lokhuseleko lwe-electrode, iinkqubo zokusebenza ezineenkcukacha, liqinise uqeqesho lobuchwephesha lwabaqhubi, izixhobo zokukhusela ii-wear case ngokungqongqo ngokweemfuno, lilungiselele izicwangciso zengozi kunye nezicwangciso zoqeqesho olungxamisekileyo, kwaye lenze umthambo rhoqo ukulawula ngokufanelekileyo ukwenzeka kweengozi zesithando se-calcium carbide kunye nokunciphisa ilahleko zeengozi.
Ixesha leposi: Disemba-24-2019