Ngemva kweminyaka engaphezu kwengu-80 yentuthuko, imboni ye-calcium carbide yaseShayina isibe imboni ebalulekile yezinto zokusetshenziswa zamakhemikhali eziyisisekelo. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, iqhutshwa yintuthuko esheshayo yomnotho wasekhaya kanye nesidingo esikhulayo se-calcium carbide ezansi nomfula, amandla okukhiqizwa kwe-calcium carbide yasekhaya akhule ngokushesha. Ngo-2012, kwakunezinkampani ezingu-311 ze-calcium carbide eShayina, futhi umkhiqizo wafinyelela amathani ayizigidi ezingu-18. Emishinini yesithando se-calcium carbide, i-electrode ingenye yemishini ebalulekile, edlala indima yokuqhuba nokudlulisa ukushisa. Ekukhiqizweni kwe-calcium carbide, ugesi ufakwa esithandweni nge-electrode ukuze kukhiqizwe i-arc, kanti ukushisa kokumelana nokushisa kwe-arc kusetshenziselwa ukukhulula amandla (izinga lokushisa elifinyelela cishe ku-2000 ° C) lokuncibilikisa i-calcium carbide. Ukusebenza okuvamile kwe-electrode kuncike ezintweni ezifana nekhwalithi ye-electrode paste, ikhwalithi yegobolondo le-electrode, ikhwalithi yokushisela, ubude besikhathi sokukhishwa kwengcindezi, kanye nobude bomsebenzi we-electrode. Ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa kwe-electrode, izinga lokusebenza lomsebenzisi liqinile. Ukusebenza ngokunganaki kwe-electrode kungabangela kalula ukuphuka okuthambile nokuqinile kwe-electrode, kuthinte ukudluliselwa nokuguqulwa kwamandla kagesi, kubangele ukuwohloka kwesimo sesithando, futhi kubangele ngisho nomonakalo emishinini nasemishinini kagesi. Ukuphepha kokuphila komqhubi. Isibonelo, ngoNovemba 7, 2006, ukuphuka okuthambile kwe-electrode kwenzeka esitshalweni se-calcium carbide eNingxia, okwabangela ukuba abasebenzi abangu-12 endaweni yesehlakalo bashiswe, okuhlanganisa ukufa okukodwa kanye nokulimala okubi okungu-9. Ngo-2009, ukuphuka okuqinile kwe-electrode kwenzeka esitshalweni se-calcium carbide eXinjiang, okwabangela ukuba abasebenzi abahlanu endaweni yesehlakalo bashiswe kakhulu.
Ukuhlaziywa kwezimbangela zokuphuka okuthambile nokuqina kwe-calcium carbide furnace electrode
1. Ukuhlaziywa kwesizathu sokuphuka okuthambile kwe-calcium carbide furnace electrode
Ijubane lokusha kwe-electrode liphansi kunezinga lokusetshenziswa. Ngemva kokuba i-electrode engashiswanga ishisiwe, izokwenza i-electrode iphuke kancane. Ukwehluleka ukukhipha opharetha wesithando ngesikhathi kungabangela ukusha. Izizathu ezithile zokuphuka okuthambile kwe-electrode yilezi:
1.1 Ikhwalithi yokunamathisela ye-electrode embi kanye nokushibilika ngokweqile.
1.2 Ishidi lensimbi legobolondo le-electrode lincane kakhulu noma likhulu kakhulu. Lincane kakhulu ukumelana namandla amakhulu angaphandle kanye nokuqhekeka, okubangela ukuthi umgqomo we-electrode ugoqeke noma uvuze futhi uqhekeke kalula uma ucindezelwe phansi; likhulu kakhulu ukubangela ukuthi igobolondo lensimbi kanye nenhloko ye-electrode kungaxhumani eduze futhi inhloko ingabangela ukuqhekeka okuthambile.
1.3 Igobolondo lensimbi le-electrode alikhiqizwanga kahle noma ikhwalithi yokushisela ayinhle, okubangela imifantu, okuholela ekuvuzeni noma ekuqhekekeni okuthambile.
1.4 I-electrode icindezelwa futhi ifakwa kaningi kakhulu, isikhawu sifushane kakhulu, noma i-electrode inde kakhulu, okubangela ukuphuka okuthambile.
1.5 Uma i-electrode paste ingafakwanga ngesikhathi, isikhundla se-electrode paste siphezulu kakhulu noma siphansi kakhulu, okuzobangela ukuthi i-electrode iphuke.
1.6 I-electrode paste inkulu kakhulu, ukunganaki lapho ufaka i-paste, elele ezimbanjeni futhi ingaphezulu, kungabangela ukuphuka okuthambile.
1.7 I-electrode ayishiswanga kahle. Uma i-electrode yehliswa futhi ngemva kokuba yehlisiwe, ugesi awukwazi ukulawulwa kahle, okwenza ugesi ube mkhulu kakhulu, bese ibhokisi le-electrode lishiswe bese i-electrode iphuka kancane.
1.8 Uma ijubane lokwehlisa i-electrode lishesha kunejubane lokusila, izingxenye zokunamathisela ekubunjweni ziyadalulwa, noma izinto eziqhubayo sezizodalulwa, icala le-electrode lithwala wonke ugesi futhi lidala ukushisa okuningi. Lapho icala le-electrode lishiswa ngaphezu kuka-1200 ° C, amandla okudonsa ancishiswa abe yi-. Awukwazi ukuthwala isisindo se-electrode, kuzokwenzeka ingozi yokuphuka okuthambile.
2. Ukuhlaziywa kwezimbangela zokuphuka okuqinile kwe-calcium carbide furnace electrode
Uma i-electrode iphukile, uma i-calcium carbide encibilikisiwe ichithekile, opharetha akanazo izindlela zokuzivikela futhi ukwehluleka ukuphuma ngesikhathi kungabangela ukusha. Izizathu ezithile zokuphuka okuqinile kwe-electrode yilezi:
2.1 I-electrode paste ngokuvamile ayigcinwa kahle, okuqukethwe komlotha kuphezulu kakhulu, ukungcola okwengeziwe kufakiwe, i-electrode paste iqukethe izinto ezincane kakhulu eziguquguqukayo, ukusha ngaphambi kwesikhathi noma ukunamathela okubi, okubangela ukuthi i-electrode iqhekeke kanzima.
2.2 Izilinganiso ezahlukene zokunamathisela ama-electrode, isilinganiso esincane sokunamathisela, ukuxuba okungalingani, amandla amabi e-electrode, kanye ne-binder engafanele. Ngemva kokuba i-electrode paste incibilikile, ukujiya kwezinhlayiya kuzohlukana, okunciphisa amandla e-electrode futhi kungabangela ukuthi i-electrode iphuke.
2.3 Kunokuphazamiseka kukagesi okuningi, futhi ugesi uvame ukumiswa nokuvulwa. Uma kwenzeka ugesi uphela, akukathathwa zinyathelo ezidingekayo, okuholela ekuqhekekeni nasekuqhekekeni kwe-electrode.
2.4 Kukhona uthuli oluningi oluwela egobolondweni le-electrode, ikakhulukazi ngemva kwesikhathi eside sokuvala, ungqimba olukhulu lomlotha luzoqongelela egobolondweni lensimbi le-electrode. Uma lungahlanzwa ngemva kokudluliselwa kwamandla, kuzobangela ukusha kwe-electrode kanye nokwehlukaniswa, okuzobangela ukuphuka kwe-Electrode kanzima.
2.5 Isikhathi sokuhluleka kukagesi side, futhi ingxenye yokusebenza kwe-electrode ayingcwatshwanga ekushajweni futhi i-oxidized kakhulu, okuzophinde kubangele ukuthi i-electrode iqhekeke kanzima.
2.6 Ama-electrode angakwazi ukupholisa ngokushesha kanye nokushisa okusheshayo, okuholela ekuhlukeni okukhulu kokucindezeleka kwangaphakathi; isibonelo, umehluko wokushisa phakathi kwama-electrode afakwe ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwezinto ngesikhathi sokulungiswa; umehluko wokushisa phakathi kwangaphakathi nangaphandle kwento yokuxhumana mkhulu; ukushisa okungalingani ngesikhathi sokudluliswa kwamandla kungabangela ukuphuka okuqinile.
2.7 Ubude bokusebenza kwe-electrode bude kakhulu futhi amandla okudonsa makhulu kakhulu, okuwumthwalo ku-electrode uqobo. Uma ukusebenza kunganaki, kungase kubangele nokuqhekeka okunzima.
2.8 Inani lomoya ohlinzekwa yi-tube yokubamba i-electrode lincane kakhulu noma limile, kanti inani lamanzi okupholisa lincane kakhulu, okubangela ukuthi i-electrode paste incibilike kakhulu futhi ibe njengamanzi, okubangela ukuthi izinto zekhabhoni ezincibilikayo zishelele, kuthinte amandla okushisa kwe-electrode, futhi kubangele ukuthi i-electrode iqhekeke kanzima.
2.9 Ubuningi bamanje e-electrode bukhulu, okungabangela ukuthi i-electrode iqhekeke kanzima.
Izindlela zokulwa nokugwema ukuphuka kwama-electrode athambile naqinile
1. Izindlela zokulwa nokugwema ukuphuka okuthambile kwesithando se-calcium carbide
1.1 Lawula kahle ubude bokusebenza kwe-electrode ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zokukhiqizwa kwe-calcium carbide.
1.2 Ijubane lokwehlisa kumele lihambisane nejubane lokusila i-electrode.
1.3 Hlola njalo ubude be-electrode kanye nezinqubo ezithambile neziqinile; ungasebenzisa futhi ibha yensimbi ukuze ubambe i-electrode ulalele umsindo. Uma uzwa umsindo oqhekeka kakhulu, kusobala ukuthi yi-electrode evuthiwe. Uma kungewona umsindo oqhekeka kakhulu, i-electrode ithambile kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umuzwa nawo uhlukile. Uma ibha yensimbi ingazizwa ukuqina lapho iqiniswa, kufakazela ukuthi i-electrode ithambile futhi umthwalo kumele uphakanyiswe kancane.
1.4 Hlola njalo ukuvuthwa kwe-electrode (ungahlulela isimo se-electrode ngokuhlangenwe nakho, njenge-electrode enhle ekhombisa isikhumba sensimbi esibomvu kancane; i-electrode imhlophe, inemifantu yangaphakathi, futhi isikhumba sensimbi asibonakali, somile kakhulu, i-electrode ikhipha intuthu emnyama, emnyama, iphuzu elimhlophe, ikhwalithi ye-electrode ithambile).
1.5 Hlola njalo ikhwalithi yokushisela yegobolondo le-electrode, ingxenye eyodwa yokushisela ngakunye, kanye nengxenye eyodwa yokuhlola.
1.6 Hlola njalo ikhwalithi ye-electrode paste.
1.7 Ngesikhathi sokuphakamisa amandla nokuphakamisa umthwalo, umthwalo awukwazi ukwanda ngokushesha okukhulu. Umthwalo kufanele ukhuliswe ngokuya ngokuvuthwa kwe-electrode.
1.8 Hlola njalo ukuthi amandla okubopha esici sokuxhumana se-electrode afanelekile yini.
1.9 Kala njalo ukuphakama kwekholomu yokunamathisela i-electrode, hhayi phezulu kakhulu.
1.10 Abasebenzi abenza imisebenzi yokushisa okuphezulu kufanele bagqoke imishini yokuzivikela yomuntu siqu emelana nokushisa okuphezulu kanye nokuchayeka.
2. Izindlela zokuvimbela ukugwema ukuphuka okunzima kwe-calcium carbide furnace electrode
2.1 Bamba kahle ubude bokusebenza be-electrode. I-electrode kumele ilinganiswe njalo ezinsukwini ezimbili futhi kumele ibe nembambo. Ngokuvamile, ubude bokusebenza be-electrode buqinisekisiwe ukuthi bungu-1800-2000mm. Akuvunyelwe ukuba bude kakhulu noma bufushane kakhulu.
2.2 Uma i-electrode inde kakhulu, ungandisa isikhathi sokukhishwa kwengcindezi futhi unciphise isilinganiso se-electrode kulesi sigaba.
2.3 Hlola ngokucophelela ikhwalithi ye-electrode paste. Okuqukethwe komlotha akukwazi ukudlula inani elibekiwe.
2.4 Hlola ngokucophelela inani lomoya ophakelwa yi-electrode kanye nendawo yegiya ye-heater.
2.5 Ngemva kokuphela kwamandla kagesi, i-electrode kufanele igcinwe ishisa ngangokunokwenzeka. I-electrode kufanele igqitshwe ngezinto ukuze ivimbele i-electrode ukuthi ingangcolisi. Umthwalo awukwazi ukuphakanyiswa ngokushesha kakhulu ngemva kokudluliselwa kwamandla. Uma isikhathi sokuphela kwamandla siside, shintshela ku-electrode yokushisa kagesi yohlobo lwe-Y.
2.6 Uma i-electrode iphuka kanzima izikhathi eziningana zilandelana, kumele kuhlolwe ukuthi ikhwalithi ye-electrode paste iyahlangabezana yini nezidingo zenqubo.
2.7 Umgqomo we-electrode ngemva kokufakwa kwe-paste kufanele umbozwe ngesembozo ukuvimbela uthuli ukuthi lungawi.
2.8 Abasebenzi abenza imisebenzi yokushisa okuphezulu kufanele bagqoke imishini yokuzivikela yomuntu siqu emelana nokushisa okuphezulu kanye nokuchayeka.
Ekuphetheni
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-calcium carbide kudingeka kube nolwazi olucebile lokukhiqiza. Isithando somlilo ngasinye se-calcium carbide sinezici zaso isikhathi esithile. Ibhizinisi kufanele lifingqe ulwazi oluzuzisayo enqubweni yokukhiqiza, liqinise ukutshalwa kwezimali ekukhiqizweni okuphephile, futhi lihlaziye ngokucophelela izici eziyingozi zokuphuka okuthambile nokuqina kwe-electrode yesithando somlilo se-calcium carbide. Uhlelo lokuphatha ukuphepha kwe-electrode, izinqubo zokusebenza ezinemininingwane, liqinise ukuqeqeshwa kobungcweti kwabaqhubi, imishini yokuvikela amakesi okugqoka ngokuqinile ngokwezidingo, lilungiselele izinhlelo eziphuthumayo zezingozi kanye nezinhlelo zokuqeqesha eziphuthumayo, futhi lenze izivivinyo ezivamile ukulawula ngempumelelo ukwenzeka kwezingozi zesithando somlilo se-calcium carbide nokunciphisa ukulahlekelwa yizingozi.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Disemba-24-2019