Iintlobo zeGraphite ekhethekileyo

Igrafayithi ekhethekileyo ibubunyulu obuphezulu, uxinano oluphezulu kunye namandla aphezuluigrafayithiizinto kwaye inokumelana nokugqwala okugqwesileyo, uzinzo kubushushu obuphezulu kunye nokuqhuba kakuhle kombane. Yenziwe ngegrafiti yendalo okanye yokwenziwa emva konyango lobushushu obuphezulu kunye nokucubungula uxinzelelo oluphezulu kwaye isetyenziswa kakhulu kwizicelo zoshishino kwiindawo ezinobushushu obuphezulu, uxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye neendawo ezinobuthi.
Ingohlulwa ibe ziintlobo ezahlukeneyo kuquka ne-isostaticiibhloko zegrafayithi, iibhloko zegrafiti ezikhutshiweyo, ezibunjiweyoiibhloko zegrafayithikwaye yangcangcazelaiibhloko zegrafayithi.

Ubuchwepheshe bokuVelisa:

Igrafayithiyinto eyahlukileyo engeyomethali eyenziwe ziiathom zekhabhoni ezicwangciswe kwisakhiwo se-lattice esinama-hexagonal. Yinto ethambileyo nebuthathaka esetyenziswa rhoqo kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo zoshishino ngenxa yeempawu zayo ezikhethekileyo. I-Graphite ingagcina amandla ayo kunye nozinzo nokuba kumaqondo obushushu angaphezulu kwama-3600 °C. Ngoku mandiqalise inkqubo yokuvelisa i-graphite ekhethekileyo.

I-graphite eyomileyo, eyenziwe nge-graphite ecocekileyo kakhulu ngokucinezela, sisixhobo esingenakutshintshwa esisetyenziswa ekwenzeni ii-single crystal furnaces, ii-metal continuous casting graphite crystallizers, kunye nee-graphite electrodes zomatshini wokukhupha i-spark. Ukongeza kwezi zicelo ziphambili, isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiindawo ze-alloys ezinzima (ii-vacuum furnace heaters, ii-sintering plates, njl.njl.), ukumbiwa kwemigodi (ukwenziwa kwee-drill bit molds), ishishini leekhemikhali (ii-heat exchangers, iindawo ezinganyangekiyo kukubola), i-metallurgy (ii-crucibles), kunye noomatshini (ii-mechanical seals).

Itekhnoloji yokubumba

Umgaqo wetekhnoloji yokucinezela i-isostatic usekelwe kumthetho kaPascal. Utshintsha ucinezelo lwento oluhamba ngaxeshanye (okanye oluhamba ngaxeshanye) lube lucinezelo oluhamba ngaxeshanye (oluhamba ngaxeshanye). Ngexesha lenkqubo, amasuntswana ekhabhoni ahlala ekwimeko yokungalungelelani, kwaye ubuninzi bomthamo buyafana kakhulu kunye neempawu ze-isotropic. Ngaphandle koko, ayixhomekeki kubude bemveliso, nto leyo eyenza i-graphite ye-isostatic ingabi namahluko okanye incinci ekusebenzeni.
Ngokweqondo lobushushu apho ukwakheka nokuqina kwenzeka khona, iteknoloji yokucinezela i-isostatic inokwahlulwahlulwa ibe yi-cold isostatic pressing, i-warm isostatic pressing, kunye ne-hot isostatic pressing. Iimveliso zokucinezela i-isostatic zinoxinano oluphezulu, oluqhele ukuba yi-5% ukuya kwi-15% ngaphezulu kunezo zeemveliso zokucinezela i-unidirectional okanye i-bidirectional mold. Uxinano oluhambelanayo lweemveliso zokucinezela i-isostatic lunokufikelela kwi-99.8% ukuya kwi-99.09%.

I-graphite ebunjiweyo inemisebenzi emihle kakhulu kumandla oomatshini, ukumelana nokukrweleka, uxinano, ubulukhuni kunye nokuqhuba kombane kwaye le misebenzi inokuphuculwa ngakumbi ngokufunxa i-resin okanye isinyithi.
I-graphite ebunjiweyo ine-conductivity elungileyo yombane, ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu, ukumelana nokugqwala, ubumsulwa obuphezulu, ukuzithambisa, ukumelana nokutshayiswa kobushushu kunye nomatshini olula wokuchwetheza, kwaye isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiindawo zokuphosa okuqhubekayo, i-alloy eqinileyo kunye ne-electronic die sintering, i-spark yombane, itywina loomatshini, njl.

Itekhnoloji yokubumba

Indlela yokubumba idla ngokusetyenziswa ukuvelisa igrafiti encinci ecinezelweyo ebandayo okanye iimveliso ezakhiwe kakuhle. Umgaqo kukugcwalisa inani elithile lentlama kwimold enobume nobukhulu obufunekayo, uze ufake uxinzelelo oluvela phezulu okanye ezantsi. Ngamanye amaxesha, sebenzisa uxinzelelo oluvela kuzo zombini iindlela ukuze ucinezele intlama ibe yimo kwimold. Imveliso ecinezelweyo egqityiweyo emva koko iyasuswa, ipholiswe, ihlolwe, kwaye ibekwe ndawonye.
Kukho oomatshini bokubumba abathe nkqo nabathe tye. Indlela yokubumba ngokubanzi inokucinezela imveliso enye ngexesha, ngoko ke inokusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso okuphantsi. Nangona kunjalo, inokuvelisa iimveliso ezichanekileyo kakhulu ezingenakwenziwa zezinye iiteknoloji. Ngaphezu koko, ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso kunokuphuculwa ngokucinezela ngaxeshanye iimold ezininzi kunye nemigca yemveliso ezenzekelayo.

I-graphite ekhutshiweyo yenziwa ngokuxuba amasuntswana e-graphite acocekileyo kakhulu kunye ne-binder uze uwakhuphe kwi-extruder. Xa ithelekiswa ne-isostatic graphite, i-graphite ekhutshiweyo inobukhulu beenkozo eziqinileyo kunye namandla aphantsi, kodwa inombane ophezulu kunye nobushushu.
Okwangoku, uninzi lweemveliso zekhabhoni kunye negrafiti ziveliswa ngendlela yokukhupha. Zisetyenziswa kakhulu njengezinto zokufudumeza kunye nezixhobo zokuqhuba ubushushu kwiinkqubo zonyango lobushushu obuphezulu. Ukongeza, iibhloko zegrafiti zingasetyenziswa njengee-electrodes ukwenza udluliselo lwangoku kwiinkqubo ze-electrolysis. Ke ngoko, zisetyenziswa kakhulu njengee-mechanical seals, izixhobo zokuqhuba ubushushu kunye nezixhobo ze-electrode kwiindawo ezigqithisileyo ezifana nobushushu obuphezulu, uxinzelelo oluphezulu, kunye nesantya esiphezulu.

Itekhnoloji yokubumba

Indlela yokukhupha intlama kukufaka intlama kwisilinda sentlama yepress uze uyikhuphe. Ipress ixhotyiswe ngeringi yentlama enokutshintshelwa kwenye (ingatshintshwa ukuze kutshintshwe imo kunye nobukhulu bemveliso) phambi kwayo, kwaye kukho i-baffle eshukumayo phambi kweringi yentlama. I-plunger ephambili yepress ikwindawo engasemva kwesilinda sentlama.
Ngaphambi kokufaka uxinzelelo, beka i-baffle phambi kweringi yokukhutshelwa ngaphandle, kwaye ufake uxinzelelo oluvela kwelinye icala ukuze ucinezele i-paste. Xa i-baffle isusiwe kwaye uxinzelelo luqhubeka lufakwa, i-paste ikhutshwa kwiringi yokukhutshelwa ngaphandle. Sika umcu okhutshiweyo ube bubude obufunekayo, upholise kwaye uwuhlole ngaphambi kokuba uwubeke. Indlela yokukhutshelwa ngaphandle yinkqubo yokuvelisa eqhubekayo, oko kuthetha ukuba emva kokuba kongezwe inani elithile le-paste, iimveliso ezininzi (iibhloko ze-graphite, izinto ze-graphite) zinokukhutshelwa ngaphandle rhoqo.
Okwangoku, uninzi lweemveliso zekhabhoni kunye negrafiti ziveliswa ngendlela yokukhupha.

I-graphite eshukumayo inesakhiwo esifanayo ngobukhulu obuphakathi. Ngaphandle koko, ithandwa kakhulu ngenxa yomxholo wayo ophantsi wothuthu, amandla oomatshini aphuculweyo, kunye nokuzinza okuhle kombane kunye nobushushu, kwaye isetyenziswa kakhulu ekucubunguleni izinto zokusebenza ezinkulu. Ingaqiniswa ngakumbi emva kokufunxwa kwe-resin okanye unyango lwe-anti-oxidation.
Isetyenziswa kakhulu njengento yokufudumeza nokukhusela ekuvelisweni kwee-polysilicon kunye nee-silicon furnaces ze-monocrystalline kwishishini le-photovoltaic. Ikwasetyenziswa kakhulu ekwenzeni ii-heating hood, izinto ezitshintsha ubushushu, ii-crucibles zokunyibilikisa nokuphosa, ukwakhiwa kwee-n nodes ezisetyenziswa kwiinkqubo ze-electrolytic, kunye nokwenza ii-crucibles zokunyibilikisa nokuxutywa.

Itekhnoloji yokubumba

Umgaqo wokwenza i-graphite eshukumayo kukugcwalisa i-mold ngomxube ofana ne-paste, uze ubeke ipleyiti yesinyithi esinzima phezu kwayo. Kwinyathelo elilandelayo, izinto ziyaxinwa ngokungcangcazela i-mold. Xa kuthelekiswa ne-graphite ekhutshiweyo, i-graphite eyenziwe yi-vibration ine-isotropy ephezulu. Iimveliso ze-graphite ziveliswa ngendlela ye-extrusion.