Izinhlobo zeGraphite Ekhethekile

I-graphite ekhethekile iwubumsulwa obuphezulu, ukuminyana okuphezulu kanye namandla aphezului-graphiteizinto zokwakha futhi inokumelana nokugqwala okuhle kakhulu, ukuqina kokushisa okuphezulu kanye nokuqhuba kahle kukagesi. Yenziwe nge-graphite yemvelo noma yokwenziwa ngemva kokwelashwa kokushisa okuphezulu kanye nokucutshungulwa kokucindezela okuphezulu futhi ivame ukusetshenziswa ezisetshenziswa ezimbonini ezindaweni zokushisa okuphezulu, ukucindezela okuphezulu kanye nezindawo ezigqwalisayo.
Ingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezahlukene okuhlanganisa ne-isostaticamabhlogo e-graphite, amabhlogo e-graphite akhishwe, abunjiweamabhlogo e-graphitefuthi kwadlidlizaamabhlogo e-graphite.

Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:

I-Graphiteiyinto eyingqayizivele engeyona eyensimbi eyakhiwe ngama-athomu ekhabhoni ahlelwe ngesakhiwo se-lattice esinonxande. Iyinto ethambile futhi ethambile evame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene zezimboni ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo eziyingqayizivele. I-Graphite ingagcina amandla ayo nokuqina kwayo ngisho noma amazinga okushisa edlula ama-3600 °C. Manje ake ngethule inqubo yokukhiqiza i-graphite ekhethekile.

I-graphite e-isostatic, eyenziwe nge-graphite emsulwa kakhulu ngokucindezela, iyinto engenakufakwa esikhundleni esetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni izitofu zekristalu eyodwa, ama-crystallizer e-graphite aqhubekayo ensimbi, kanye nama-electrode e-graphite omshini wokukhipha inhlansi kagesi. Ngaphezu kwalezi zinhlelo zokusebenza eziyinhloko, isetshenziswa kabanzi emikhakheni yama-alloy aqinile (ama-heater e-vacuum furnace, amapuleti e-sintering, njll.), ukumbiwa kwemigodi (ukukhiqiza ama-drill bit molds), imboni yamakhemikhali (ama-heat exchangers, izingxenye ezingamelani nokugqwala), i-metallurgy (ama-crucibles), kanye nemishini (izivalo zemishini).

Ubuchwepheshe Bokubumba

Isimiso sobuchwepheshe bokucindezela i-isostatic sisekelwe emthethweni kaPascal. Sishintsha ukucindezela kwezinto okuqondile (noma okuqondile) kube ukucindezela okuqondile (okuqondile). Phakathi nenqubo, izinhlayiya zekhabhoni zihlala zisesimweni esingahlelekile, futhi ubuningi bevolumu bufana kakhulu nezakhiwo ze-isotropic. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ayibekelwe ukuphakama komkhiqizo, okwenza i-graphite ye-isostatic ibe nomehluko omncane noma ongasebenzi kahle.
Ngokwezinga lokushisa lapho ukwakheka nokuqina kwenzeka khona, ubuchwepheshe bokucindezela i-isostatic bungahlukaniswa ngokucindezela i-isostatic ebandayo, ukucindezela i-isostatic efudumele, kanye nokucindezela i-isostatic eshisayo. Imikhiqizo yokucindezela i-isostatic inobuningi obukhulu, ngokuvamile iphakeme ngo-5% kuya ku-15% kunaleyo yemikhiqizo yokucindezela isikhunta eqondiswe ngakunye noma eqondiswe kabili. Ubuningi obuhlobene bemikhiqizo yokucindezela i-isostatic bungafinyelela ku-99.8% kuya ku-99.09%.

I-graphite ebunjiwe inamandla amakhulu okusebenza kwemishini, ukumelana nokuguguleka, ubuningi, ubulukhuni kanye nokuqhuba kukagesi futhi lokhu kusebenza kungathuthukiswa ngokufaka i-resin noma insimbi emanzini.
I-graphite ebunjiwe inezici ezinhle zokuqhuba ugesi, ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu, ukumelana nokugqwala, ubumsulwa obuphezulu, ukuzigcoba, ukumelana nokushaqeka kokushisa kanye nomshini wokulungisa ngokunemba okulula, futhi isetshenziswa kabanzi emikhakheni yokuphonswa okuqhubekayo, i-alloy eqinile kanye ne-electronic die sintering, i-spark kagesi, uphawu lomshini, njll.

Ubuchwepheshe Bokubumba

Indlela yokubumba ngokuvamile isetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza i-graphite encane ecindezelwe ngokubandayo noma imikhiqizo ehlelwe kahle. Isimiso siwukugcwalisa inani elithile le-paste ku-mold enesimo nosayizi odingekayo, bese usebenzisa ingcindezi evela phezulu noma phansi. Ngezinye izikhathi, sebenzisa ingcindezi evela kuzo zombili izinkomba ukuze ucindezele i-paste ibe yisimo ku-mold. Umkhiqizo ocindezelwe oqediwe ube usususwa, upholiswe, uhlolwe, bese ubekwa ndawonye.
Kukhona imishini yokubumba eqondile nevundlile. Indlela yokubumba ngokuvamile ingacindezela umkhiqizo owodwa ngesikhathi, ngakho-ke inokusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza okuphansi. Kodwa-ke, ingakhiqiza imikhiqizo enembile kakhulu engenakukhiqizwa obunye ubuchwepheshe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza kungathuthukiswa ngokucindezela ngasikhathi sinye izikhunta eziningi kanye nemigqa yokukhiqiza ezenzakalelayo.

I-graphite ekhishwe yakhiwa ngokuxuba izinhlayiya ze-graphite ezihlanzekile kakhulu ne-binder bese zikhishwa ku-extruder. Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-graphite e-isostatic, i-graphite ekhishwe inosayizi wezinhlamvu eziqinile kanye namandla aphansi, kodwa inokushisa okuphezulu kanye nokuqhuba kukagesi.
Njengamanje, imikhiqizo eminingi yekhabhoni ne-graphite ikhiqizwa ngendlela yokukhipha. Isetshenziswa kakhulu njengezinto zokushisa kanye nezingxenye zokushisa ezicubungula ukushisa okuphezulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amabhlogo e-graphite angasetshenziswa futhi njenge-electrode ukwenza ukudluliselwa kwamanje ezinqubweni ze-electrolysis. Ngakho-ke, asetshenziswa kabanzi njengezimpawu zomshini, izinto zokushisa eziqhuba ukushisa kanye nezinto ze-electrode ezindaweni ezimbi kakhulu njengokushisa okuphezulu, umfutho ophezulu, kanye nesivinini esikhulu.

Ubuchwepheshe Bokubumba

Indlela yokukhipha i-paste iwukufaka i-paste kusilinda se-paste se-press bese uyikhipha. I-press ifakwe indandatho ye-extrusion engashintshwa (ingashintshwa ukuze kushintshwe ukuma nosayizi womkhiqizo) phambi kwayo, futhi kunikezwe i-baffle ehambayo phambi kwendandatho ye-extrusion. I-plunger eyinhloko ye-press itholakala ngemuva kwesilinda se-paste.
Ngaphambi kokufaka ingcindezi, beka i-baffle ngaphambi kwendandatho yokukhipha, bese ufaka ingcindezi evela kolunye uhlangothi ukuze ucindezele i-paste. Uma i-baffle isusiwe futhi ingcindezi iqhubeka nokufakwa, i-paste ikhishwa kusuka kwindandatho yokukhipha. Sika umucu okhishwe ube ubude obufunayo, upholise bese uwuhlola ngaphambi kokuwubeka. Indlela yokukhipha iyinqubo yokukhiqiza eqhubekayo, okusho ukuthi ngemva kokufaka inani elithile le-paste, imikhiqizo eminingana (amabhlogo e-graphite, izinto ze-graphite) ingakhishwa njalo.
Njengamanje, imikhiqizo eminingi yekhabhoni ne-graphite ikhiqizwa ngendlela ye-extrusion.

I-graphite edlidlizayo inesakhiwo esifanayo esinobukhulu obuphakathi. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ithandwa kakhulu ngenxa yokuqukethwe kwayo okuphansi komlotha, amandla athuthukisiwe okusebenza, kanye nokuzinza okuhle kukagesi nokushisa, futhi isetshenziswa kabanzi ekucubunguleni izingcezu zomsebenzi ezinkulu. Ingaphinde iqiniswe ngemva kokufakwa kwe-resin noma ukwelashwa kokulwa ne-oxidation.
Isetshenziswa kabanzi njengento yokushisa nokuvikela ekukhiqizweni kwezitofu ze-polysilicon kanye ne-monocrystalline silicon embonini ye-photovoltaic. Isetshenziswa kabanzi nasekukhiqizeni ama-heating hood, izingxenye ze-heat exchanger, ama-crucible ancibilikayo nasaphazwayo, ukwakhiwa kwama-n node asetshenziswa ezinqubweni ze-electrolytic, kanye nokukhiqizwa kwama-crucible okuncibilikisa nokuhlanganisa.

Ubuchwepheshe Bokubumba

Isimiso sokwenza i-graphite edlidlizayo ukugcwalisa isikhunta ngengxube efana ne-paste, bese ubeka ipuleti lensimbi esindayo phezu kwalo. Esinyathelweni esilandelayo, izinto zihlanganiswa ngokudlidliza isikhunta. Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-graphite ekhishwe, i-graphite eyakhiwe ngokudlidliza ine-isotropy ephezulu. Imikhiqizo ye-graphite ikhiqizwa ngendlela ye-extrusion.