Ua hana ka mea hōʻikeʻike cell wahie hydrogen a Universal Hydrogen i kāna lele mua loa i Moss Lake, Wakinekona, i ka pule i hala. He 15 mau minuke ka lōʻihi o ka lele hoʻāʻo a hiki i kahi kiʻekiʻe o 3,500 kapuaʻi. Hoʻokumu ʻia ke kahua hoʻāʻo ma ka Dash8-300, ka mokulele cell wahie hydrogen nui loa o ka honua.
ʻO ka mokulele, i kapa ʻia ʻo Lightning McClean, ua haʻalele mai ke kahua mokulele honua ʻo Grant County (KMWH) i ka hola 8:45 am ma Malaki 2 a hiki i kahi kiʻekiʻe o 3,500 kapuaʻi 15 mau minuke ma hope. ʻO ka lele ʻana, ma muli o ka palapala hōʻoia FAA Special Airworthiness, ʻo ia ka mua o kahi lele hoʻāʻo ʻelua makahiki i manaʻo ʻia e hoʻopau ʻia i ka makahiki 2025. ʻO ka mokulele, i hoʻololi ʻia mai kahi mokulele ʻāpana ATR 72, mālama wale i hoʻokahi ʻenekini turbine wahie fossil mua no ka palekana, aʻo ke koena e hoʻohana ʻia e ka hydrogen maʻemaʻe.
ʻO ka pahuhopu o Universal Hydrogen e hoʻohana piha ʻia nā hana lele ʻāpana e nā cell wahie hydrogen ma ka makahiki 2025. Ma kēia hoʻāʻo, hoʻopuka wale kahi ʻenekini i hoʻohana ʻia e kahi cell wahie hydrogen maʻemaʻe i ka wai a ʻaʻole hoʻohaumia i ka lewa. No ka mea he hoʻāʻo mua ia, ke holo nei ka ʻenekini ʻē aʻe ma ka wahie maʻamau. No laila, inā ʻoe e nānā iā ia, aia kahi ʻokoʻa nui ma waena o nā ʻenekini hema a me ka ʻākau, ʻoiai ke anawaena o nā lau a me ka helu o nā lau. Wahi a Universal Hydrogren, ʻoi aku ka palekana o nā mokulele i hoʻohana ʻia e nā cell wahie hydrogen, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka hana a ʻaʻohe hopena iki i ke kaiapuni. He modular kā lākou mau cell wahie hydrogen a hiki ke hoʻouka a hoʻokuʻu ʻia ma o nā hale ukana o ke kahua mokulele, no laila hiki i ke kahua mokulele ke hoʻokō i nā pono hoʻopiha hou o nā mokulele i hoʻohana ʻia e ka hydrogen me ka ʻole o ka hoʻololi ʻana. Ma ke kumumanaʻo, hiki i nā jets nui ke hana like, me nā turbofans i hoʻohana ʻia e nā cell wahie hydrogen e manaʻo ʻia e hoʻohana ʻia ma waena o nā makahiki 2030.
ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, manaʻoʻiʻo ʻo Paul Eremenko, ka mea nāna i hoʻokumu a me ka Luna Nui o Universal Hydrogen, e pono nā mokulele mokulele e holo ma ka hydrogen maʻemaʻe ma waena o nā makahiki 2030, inā ʻaʻole, pono ka ʻoihana e hōʻemi i nā mokulele e hoʻokō i nā pahuhopu hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ka ʻoihana holoʻokoʻa. ʻO ka hopena, he piʻi nui o nā kumukūʻai tikiki a me ka hakakā e loaʻa kahi tikiki. No laila, he mea wikiwiki ia e hoʻolaha i ka noiʻi a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā mokulele ikehu hou. Akā hāʻawi pū kēia mokulele mua i kahi manaʻolana no ka ʻoihana.
Ua hoʻokō ʻia ka misionari e Alex Kroll, he pailota hoʻāʻo mua o ka US Air Force a ʻo ia ke pailota hoʻāʻo alakaʻi o ka hui. Ua ʻōlelo ʻo ia ma ka lua o ka huakaʻi hoʻāʻo, ua hiki iā ia ke lele holoʻokoʻa ma luna o nā mea hana cell wahie hydrogen, me ka hilinaʻi ʻole i nā ʻenekini wahie fossil mua. "He maikaʻi loa ka hana lawelawe ʻana o ka mokulele i hoʻololi ʻia a ʻo ka ʻōnaehana mana cell wahie hydrogen e hana i ka walaʻau a me ka haʻalulu liʻiliʻi ma mua o nā ʻenekini turbine maʻamau," wahi a Kroll.
He nui nā kauoha ohua a Universal Hydrogen no nā mokulele ʻāpana i hoʻohana ʻia e ka hydrogen, me Connect Airlines, he hui ʻAmelika. Ua kapa ʻo John Thomas, ke poʻo nui o ka hui, i ka lele ʻana o Lightning McClain he "ground zero no ka decarbonization o ka ʻoihana mokulele honua."
No ke aha he koho ka mokulele hydrogen no ka hōʻemi ʻana i ke kalapona i ka mokulele?
Ke hoʻoweliweli nei ka loli o ke aniau i ka halihali ea no nā makahiki he ʻumi e hiki mai ana.
Hoʻokuʻu wale ka mokulele i hoʻokahi hapaono o ka nui o ke kalapona ʻokikene ma mua o nā kaʻa a me nā kalaka, e like me ka World Resources Institute, he hui noiʻi waiwai ʻole ma Wakinekona. Eia nō naʻe, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā ohua e lawe ana i nā mokulele i kēlā me kēia lā ma mua o nā kaʻa a me nā kalaka.
Ua hoʻonui nā mokulele ʻehā nui loa (ʻAmelika, United, Delta a me Southwest) i kā lākou hoʻohana ʻana i ka wahie mokulele ma 15 pakeneka ma waena o 2014 a me 2019. Eia nō naʻe, ʻoiai ua hoʻokomo ʻia nā mokulele ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi a me ka haʻahaʻa kalapona i ka hana ʻana, ua emi iho ka nui o nā ohua mai ka makahiki 2019.
Ua kūpaʻa nā mokulele e lilo i kūʻokoʻa kalapona ma waena o ke kenekulia, a ua hoʻopukapuka kekahi i nā wahie hoʻomau e ʻae i nā mokulele e pāʻani i kahi kuleana ikaika i ka loli o ke aniau.
ʻO nā wahie hoʻomau (SAF) he mau biofuel i hana ʻia mai ka ʻaila kuke, ka momona holoholona, ka ʻōpala kūlanakauhale a i ʻole nā mea hānai ʻē aʻe. Hiki ke hoʻohuihui ʻia ka wahie me nā wahie maʻamau e hoʻoikaika i nā mīkini jet a ke hoʻohana mua ʻia nei i nā mokulele hoʻāʻo a me nā mokulele ohua i hoʻonohonoho ʻia. Eia nō naʻe, he pipiʻi ke kumukūʻai o ka wahie hoʻomau, ma kahi o ʻekolu manawa ka nui ma mua o ka wahie jet maʻamau. I ka nui o nā mokulele e kūʻai a hoʻohana i nā wahie hoʻomau, e piʻi hou aku nā kumukūʻai. Ke koi nei nā mea kākoʻo no nā mea hoʻoikaika e like me nā hoʻomaha ʻauhau e hoʻonui i ka hana ʻana.
ʻIke ʻia nā wahie hoʻomau e like me kahi wahie alahaka e hiki ke hōʻemi i nā hoʻokuʻu kalapona a hiki i ka hoʻokō ʻia ʻana o nā holomua koʻikoʻi e like me nā mokulele uila a i ʻole hydrogen. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole paha e hoʻohana nui ʻia kēia mau ʻenehana i ka mokulele no 20 a 30 paha mau makahiki.
Ke hoʻāʻo nei nā ʻoihana e hoʻolālā a kūkulu i nā mokulele uila, akā ʻo ka hapa nui he mau mokulele liʻiliʻi e like me ke helikopter e lele ana a pae pololei a paʻa i kahi lima wale nō o nā ohua.
ʻO ka hana ʻana i kahi mokulele uila nui e hiki ke lawe i 200 mau ohua -- e like me ka mokulele maʻamau waena -- e pono ai nā pila nui a me nā manawa lele lōʻihi. Ma kēlā kūlana, pono ke kaumaha o nā pila ma kahi o 40 mau manawa ma mua o ka wahie jet e hoʻopiha piha ʻia. Akā, ʻaʻole hiki ke hana ʻia nā mokulele uila me ka ʻole o kahi hoʻololi i ka ʻenehana pila.
He mea hana kūpono ka ikehu hydrogen no ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā hoʻokuʻu kalapona haʻahaʻa a he kuleana koʻikoʻi kona i ka hoʻololi ikehu honua. ʻO ka pōmaikaʻi nui o ka ikehu hydrogen ma luna o nā kumu ikehu hou ʻē aʻe, ʻo ia ka hiki ke mālama ʻia ma kahi pae nui i nā kau. I waena o lākou, ʻo ka hydrogen ʻōmaʻomaʻo wale nō ke ala o ka decarbonization hohonu i nā ʻoihana he nui, me nā kahua ʻoihana i hōʻike ʻia e ka petrochemical, kila, ʻoihana kemika a me ka ʻoihana halihali i hōʻike ʻia e ka mokulele. Wahi a ke Komisina Honua no ka Hydrogen Energy, ua manaʻo ʻia e hōʻea ka mākeke ikehu hydrogen i $2.5 trillion ma ka makahiki 2050.
"He wahie māmā loa ka hydrogen ponoʻī," wahi a Dan Rutherford, he mea noiʻi no ka decarbonization kaʻa a me nā mokulele ma ka International Council on Clean Transportation, he hui kaiapuni, i ka Associated Press. "Akā, pono ʻoe i nā pahu nui e mālama i ka hydrogen, a he kaumaha loa ka pahu ponoʻī."
Eia kekahi, aia nā hemahema a me nā mea keakea i ka hoʻokō ʻana o ka wahie hydrogen. No ka laʻana, pono nā ʻōnaehana hou nui a pipiʻi hoʻi ma nā kahua mokulele e mālama i ke kinoea hydrogen i hoʻomaʻalili ʻia i loko o ke ʻano wai.
Eia nō naʻe, ke noho mālie nei ʻo Rutherford me ka manaʻolana e pili ana i ka hydrogen. Manaʻoʻiʻo kāna hui e hiki i nā mokulele i hoʻohana ʻia e ka hydrogen ke holo ma kahi o 2,100 mile ma ka makahiki 2035.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Malaki-16-2023