Tsiku la Ogulitsa la Tesla la 2023 linachitika ku Gigafactory ku Texas. CEO wa Tesla Elon Musk adavumbulutsa chaputala chachitatu cha "Master Plan" ya Tesla -- kusintha kwakukulu ku mphamvu zokhazikika, cholinga chake ndi kukwaniritsa mphamvu zokhazikika 100% pofika chaka cha 2050.
Ndondomeko 3 yagawidwa m'magawo asanu ofunikira:
Kugwira ntchito yonse yoyendetsa magalimoto amagetsi;
Kugwiritsa ntchito mapampu otenthetsera m'magawo a m'nyumba, amalonda ndi mafakitale;
Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yosungira kutentha kwambiri komanso mphamvu yobiriwira ya hydrogen m'mafakitale;
Mphamvu yokhazikika ya ndege ndi zombo;
Patsani mphamvu zamagetsi zomwe zilipo kale.
Pa chochitikachi, Tesla ndi Musk onse awiri adavomereza kuti hydrogen ndi yofunikira kwambiri. Ndondomeko 3 ikupereka lingaliro lakuti mphamvu ya hydrogen ndi yofunika kwambiri pamakampani. Musk adapereka lingaliro logwiritsa ntchito hydrogen kuti ilowe m'malo mwa malasha, ndipo adati kuchuluka kwa hydrogen kungafunike m'mafakitale okhudzana ndi mafakitale, omwe amafunikira hydrogen ndipo amatha kupangidwa ndi electrolysis ya madzi, koma adatinso hydrogen sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'magalimoto.
Malinga ndi Musk, pali magawo asanu omwe amagwira ntchito yopezera mphamvu yoyera yokhazikika. Choyamba ndi kuchotsa mphamvu zakale, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zongowonjezwdwanso, kusintha gridi yamagetsi yomwe ilipo, kuyika magetsi m'magalimoto, kenako kusinthana ndi mapompo otentha, ndi kuganizira momwe mungasamutsire kutentha, momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito mphamvu ya haidrojeni, ndipo potsiriza kuganiza momwe mungapangire magetsi m'ndege ndi zombo, osati m'magalimoto okha, kuti mupeze magetsi okwanira.
Musk ananenanso kuti pali zinthu zambiri zomwe tingachite pakali pano, pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wosiyanasiyana kuti hydrogen ilowe m'malo mwa malasha mwachindunji kuti kupanga zitsulo kukhale bwino, chitsulo chochepetsedwa mwachindunji chingagwiritsidwe ntchito kukonza njira zamafakitale, ndipo potsiriza, malo ena m'malo osungunula zinthu akhoza kukonzedwanso kuti achepetse hydrogen bwino.
"Grand Plan" ndi njira yofunika kwambiri ya Tesla. M'mbuyomu, Tesla idatulutsa "Grand Plan 1" ndi "Grand Plan 2" mu Ogasiti 2006 ndi Julayi 2016, zomwe makamaka zidakhudza magalimoto amagetsi, kuyendetsa galimoto yodziyimira payokha, mphamvu ya dzuwa, ndi zina zotero. Mapulani ambiri omwe ali pamwambapa akwaniritsidwa.
Ndondomeko yachitatu yadzipereka ku chuma champhamvu chokhazikika chomwe chili ndi zolinga zingapo kuti chikwaniritsidwe: maola 240 osungira magetsi, ma terawati 30 amagetsi ongowonjezwdwanso, ndalama zokwana $10 thililiyoni zogulira zinthu, theka la chuma cha mafuta mu mphamvu, malo ochepera 0.2%, 10% ya GDP yapadziko lonse mu 2022, kuthana ndi mavuto onse okhudzana ndi chuma.
Tesla ndi kampani yaikulu kwambiri padziko lonse yopanga magalimoto amagetsi, ndipo malonda ake amagetsi akhala akuchita bwino. Zisanachitike izi, CEO wa Tesla Elon Musk wakhala akukayikira kwambiri za maselo a haidrojeni ndi mafuta a haidrojeni, ndipo adawonetsa poyera malingaliro ake pa "kuchepa" kwa chitukuko cha haidrojeni m'mapulatifomu angapo ochezera.
Poyamba, Musk ananyoza mawu akuti "Fuel Cell" ngati "Fool Cell" pamwambo womwe unachitikira pambuyo poti Toyota yalengeza za hydrogen fuel cell ya Mirai. Mafuta a hydrogen ndi oyenera maroketi, koma osati magalimoto.
Mu 2021, Musk adathandizira CEO wa Volkswagen Herbert Diess pomwe adatsutsa hydrogen pa Twitter.
Pa Epulo 1, 2022, Musk adalemba pa Twitter kuti Tesla idzasintha kuchoka pa magetsi kupita ku hydrogen mu 2024 ndikuyambitsa hydrogen fuel cell yake Model H -- kwenikweni, nthabwala ya April Fool's Day ya Musk, yomwe ikusekanso chitukuko cha hydrogen.
Mu kuyankhulana ndi Financial Times pa Meyi 10, 2022, Musk adati, "Hayidrojeni ndi lingaliro lopusa kwambiri logwiritsira ntchito ngati malo osungira mphamvu," ndikuwonjezera kuti, "Hayidrojeni si njira yabwino yosungira mphamvu."
Kwa nthawi yayitali Tesla sinali ndi mapulani oti igulitse magalimoto a haidrojeni. Mu Marichi 2023, Tesla idaphatikiza zinthu zokhudzana ndi haidrojeni mu "Grand Plan 3" yake yoyang'ana kwambiri pakupanga dongosolo lokhazikika la chuma champhamvu, lomwe lidavumbulutsa kuti Musk ndi Tesla adazindikira udindo wofunikira wa haidrojeni pakusintha kwa mphamvu ndipo adathandizira pakukula kwa haidrojeni wobiriwira.
Pakadali pano, magalimoto apadziko lonse lapansi okhala ndi ma hydrogen fuel cell, omwe amathandizira zomangamanga ndi unyolo wonse wa mafakitale akukula mofulumira. Malinga ndi ziwerengero zoyambirira za China Hydrogen Energy Alliance, pofika kumapeto kwa chaka cha 2022, chiwerengero chonse cha magalimoto okhala ndi ma fuel cell m'maiko akuluakulu padziko lonse chafika pa 67,315, ndipo kukula kwa chaka ndi chaka kwafika pa 36.3%. Chiwerengero cha magalimoto okhala ndi ma fuel cell chawonjezeka kuchoka pa 826 mu 2015 kufika pa 67,488 mu 2022. M'zaka zisanu zapitazi, kuchuluka kwa pachaka kwa ma compounds kwafika pa 52.97%, komwe kuli mu mkhalidwe wokhazikika wakukula. Mu 2022, kuchuluka kwa malonda a magalimoto okhala ndi ma fuel cell m'maiko akuluakulu kwafika pa 17,921, kukwera ndi 9.9 peresenti pachaka.
Mosiyana ndi maganizo a Musk, IEA imalongosola haidrojeni ngati "chonyamulira mphamvu zambiri" chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'njira zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo mafakitale ndi zoyendera. Mu 2019, IEA inati haidrojeni ndi imodzi mwa njira zotsogola zosungira mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa, zomwe zikulonjeza kuti ndiyo njira yotsika mtengo kwambiri yosungira magetsi kwa masiku, milungu kapena miyezi. IEA inawonjezera kuti mafuta onse a haidrojeni ndi haidrojeni amatha kunyamula mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa m'madera ataliatali.
Kuphatikiza apo, chidziwitso cha anthu onse chikuwonetsa kuti mpaka pano, makampani onse khumi apamwamba kwambiri a magalimoto omwe ali ndi gawo la msika wapadziko lonse lapansi alowa msika wamagalimoto a hydrogen fuel cell, zomwe zatsegula njira yogwirira ntchito yamagalimoto a hydrogen fuel cell. Pakadali pano, ngakhale Tesla akadali kunena kuti hydrogen sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'magalimoto, makampani 10 apamwamba kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi ogulitsa magalimoto onse akugwiritsa ntchito bizinesi yamagalimoto a hydrogen fuel cell, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mphamvu ya hydrogen yadziwika ngati malo opititsira patsogolo gawo la mayendedwe.
Zokhudzana: Kodi zotsatira za magalimoto 10 ogulitsidwa kwambiri omwe akuyika malo ochitira mpikisano wa hydrogen ndi ziti?
Ponseponse, haidrojeni ndi imodzi mwa makampani otsogola padziko lonse lapansi osankha njira yamtsogolo. Pakadali pano, kusintha kwa kapangidwe ka mphamvu kukuyendetsa unyolo wamagetsi padziko lonse lapansi kuti uyambe gawo lalikulu. M'tsogolomu, ndi kukhwima kosalekeza komanso kutukuka kwa ukadaulo wa maselo amafuta, kukula mwachangu kwa kufunikira kwa zinthu zotsika, kufalikira kosalekeza kwa kupanga ndi kutsatsa kwamakampani, kukhwima kosalekeza kwa unyolo wopereka zinthu zokwera komanso mpikisano wosalekeza wa omwe akutenga nawo mbali pamsika, mtengo ndi mtengo wa maselo amafuta zidzatsika mofulumira. Masiku ano, pamene chitukuko chokhazikika chikulimbikitsidwa, mphamvu ya haidrojeni, mphamvu yoyera, idzakhala ndi msika wokulirapo. Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zatsopano mtsogolo kudzakhala kwa magawo ambiri, ndipo magalimoto amphamvu ya haidrojeni apitiliza kufulumizitsa liwiro la chitukuko.
Tsiku la Ogulitsa la Tesla la 2023 linachitika ku Gigafactory ku Texas. CEO wa Tesla Elon Musk adavumbulutsa chaputala chachitatu cha "Master Plan" ya Tesla -- kusintha kwakukulu ku mphamvu zokhazikika, cholinga chake ndi kukwaniritsa mphamvu zokhazikika 100% pofika chaka cha 2050.
Nthawi yotumizira: Mar-13-2023