Usuku lwabatshalizimali be-Tesla luka-2023 lubanjelwe eGigafactory eTexas. I-CEO ye-Tesla u-Elon Musk wethule isahluko sesithathu se-"Master Plan" ye-Tesla -- ushintsho oluphelele lwamandla azinzile, oluhlose ukufeza amandla azinzile angu-100% ngo-2050.
Uhlelo 3 luhlukaniswe ngezici ezinhlanu eziyinhloko:
Ukushintshela ngokuphelele ezimotweni zikagesi;
Ukusetshenziswa kwamaphampu okushisa emikhakheni yasekhaya, yezentengiselwano kanye neyezimboni;
Ukusetshenziswa kokugcinwa kwamandla okushisa okuphezulu kanye namandla e-hydrogen aluhlaza embonini;
Amandla azinzile ezindiza kanye nemikhumbi;
Nika amandla igridi ekhona ngamandla avuselelekayo.
Kulo mcimbi, bobabili uTesla noMusk bavuma i-hydrogen. Uhlelo 3 luphakamisa amandla e-hydrogen njengokudla okubalulekile embonini. UMusk uphakamise ukusebenzisa i-hydrogen ukuze athathe indawo yamalahle ngokuphelele, futhi wathi inani elithile le-hydrogen lizodingeka ezinqubweni zezimboni ezihlobene, ezidinga i-hydrogen futhi ezingakhiqizwa nge-electrolysis yamanzi, kodwa wathi i-hydrogen akufanele isetshenziswe ezimotweni.
Ngokusho kukaMusk, kunezindawo ezinhlanu zomsebenzi ezihilelekile ekufinyeleleni amandla ahlanzekile aqhubekayo. Eyokuqala ukususa amandla asendulo, ukufeza ukusetshenziswa kwamandla avuselelekayo, ukuguqula igridi yamandla ekhona, ukufaka ugesi ezimotweni, bese ushintshela kumaphampu okushisa, nokucabanga ngendlela yokudlulisa ukushisa, ukusebenzisa amandla e-hydrogen, bese ekugcineni ucabanga ngendlela yokufaka ugesi ezindizeni nasemikhumbini, hhayi ezimotweni kuphela, ukuze kufezwe ukufakwa kukagesi okugcwele.
UMusk uphinde wakhuluma ngokuthi kunezinto eziningi esingazenza njengamanje, sisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obuhlukene ukwenza i-hydrogen ithathe indawo yamalahle ngqo ukuze ukukhiqizwa kwensimbi kuthuthukiswe, insimbi encishisiwe ngqo ingasetshenziswa ukuthuthukisa izinqubo zezimboni, futhi ekugcineni, ezinye izindawo ezikwimishini yokuncibilikisa insimbi zingathuthukiswa ukuze kufezwe ukunciphisa i-hydrogen okuphumelelayo.
I-"Grand Plan" isu elibalulekile le-Tesla. Ngaphambilini, i-Tesla yakhipha i-"Grand Plan 1" kanye ne-"Grand Plan 2" ngo-Agasti 2006 kanye noJulayi 2016, eyayihlanganisa kakhulu izimoto zikagesi, ukushayela okuzenzakalelayo, amandla elanga, njll. Iningi lezinhlelo zamasu ezingenhla selifeziwe.
Uhlelo 3 luzibophezele emnothweni wamandla osimeme onemigomo eminingana yokuwufeza: amahora okugcina ama-terawatt angu-240, ama-terawatt angu-30 kagesi ovuselelekayo, utshalomali lwamaRandi ayizigidigidi eziyi-10 ekukhiqizeni, ingxenye yomnotho kaphethiloli emandleni, ngaphansi kuka-0.2% womhlaba, u-10% we-GDP yomhlaba wonke ngo-2022, ukunqoba zonke izinselele zezinsizakusebenza.
I-Tesla ingumkhiqizi wezimoto zikagesi omkhulu kunabo bonke emhlabeni, futhi ukuthengiswa kwayo kwezimoto zikagesi kube yimpumelelo. Ngaphambi kwalokho, i-CEO ye-Tesla u-Elon Musk ubelokhu engabaza kakhulu ngamaseli kaphethiloli e-hydrogen ne-hydrogen, futhi waveza obala umbono wakhe "ngokwehla" kwentuthuko ye-hydrogen ezinkundleni eziningi zokuxhumana.
Ngaphambilini, uMusk wahleka igama elithi “Fuel Cell” ngokuthi “Fool Cell” emcimbini ngemuva kokumenyezelwa kweToyota's Mirai hydrogen fuel cell. I-hydrogen fuel ifanele amarokhethi, kodwa hhayi izimoto.
Ngo-2021, uMusk wasekela i-CEO yeVolkswagen uHerbert Diess lapho egxeka i-hydrogen ku-Twitter.
Ngo-Ephreli 1, 2022, uMusk wabhala ku-Twitter ukuthi iTesla izoshintsha isuke kugesi iye ku-hydrogen ngo-2024 bese yethula i-hydrogen fuel cell yayo iModel H -- empeleni, ihlaya lika-April Fool's Day likaMusk, eliphinde lihlekise ngentuthuko ye-hydrogen.
Engxoxweni ne-Financial Times ngoMeyi 10, 2022, uMusk uthe, "I-hydrogen ingumqondo oyisiwula kakhulu ongawusebenzisa njengendawo yokugcina amandla," wanezela, "I-hydrogen akuyona indlela enhle yokugcina amandla."
I-Tesla ibilokhu ingenazo izinhlelo zokutshala imali ezimotweni zamaseli kaphethiloli we-hydrogen. NgoMashi 2023, i-Tesla yafaka okuqukethwe okuhlobene ne-hydrogen ku-"Grand Plan 3" yayo egxile ekuthuthukisweni kohlelo lomnotho wamandla oluqhubekayo, olwembula ukuthi uMusk noTesla baqaphela indima ebalulekile ye-hydrogen ekuguqulweni kwamandla futhi basekela ukuthuthukiswa kwe-hydrogen eluhlaza.
Njengamanje, izimoto zamaseli kaphethiloli e-hydrogen emhlabeni wonke, ezisekela ingqalasizinda kanye nochungechunge lonke lwezimboni zithuthuka ngokushesha. Ngokwezibalo zokuqala ze-China Hydrogen Energy Alliance, ekupheleni kuka-2022, inani eliphelele lezimoto zamaseli kaphethiloli emazweni amakhulu emhlabeni selifinyelele ku-67,315, kanye nokukhula konyaka nonyaka okungu-36.3%. Inani lezimoto zamaseli kaphethiloli likhuphuke lisuka ku-826 ngo-2015 laya ku-67,488 ngo-2022. Eminyakeni emihlanu edlule, izinga lokukhula kwe-compound yonyaka lifinyelele ku-52.97%, okusesimweni sokukhula okuzinzile. Ngo-2022, inani lokuthengisa lezimoto zamaseli kaphethiloli emazweni amakhulu lifinyelele ku-17,921, lenyuka ngamaphesenti angu-9.9 ngonyaka.
Ngokuphambene nokucabanga kukaMusk, i-IEA ichaza i-hydrogen "njengesithwali samandla esisebenza ngezindlela eziningi" esinezinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi, okuhlanganisa nezinhlelo zokusebenza zezimboni nezokuthutha. Ngo-2019, i-IEA yathi i-hydrogen ingenye yezinketho ezihamba phambili zokugcina amandla avuselelekayo, ithembisa ukuthi izoba yindlela engabizi kakhulu yokugcina ugesi izinsuku, amasonto noma ngisho nezinyanga. I-IEA yanezela ukuthi kokubili uphethiloli osekelwe ku-hydrogen kanye ne-hydrogen ungathutha amandla avuselelekayo amabanga amade.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ulwazi lomphakathi lubonisa ukuthi kuze kube manje, zonke izinkampani zezimoto eziyishumi eziphezulu ezinesabelo semakethe yomhlaba wonke zingene emakethe yezimoto zamaseli kaphethiloli e-hydrogen, zivula ukwakheka kwebhizinisi lamaseli kaphethiloli e-hydrogen. Njengamanje, yize iTesla isasho ukuthi i-hydrogen akufanele isetshenziswe ezimotweni, izinkampani zezimoto eziyi-10 eziphezulu emhlabeni ngokuthengisa zonke zisebenzisa ibhizinisi lamaseli kaphethiloli e-hydrogen, okusho ukuthi amandla e-hydrogen aqashelwe njengendawo yentuthuko emkhakheni wezokuthutha.
Okuhlobene: Iyini imiphumela yazo zonke izimoto ezithengiswa kakhulu eziyi-10 ezibeka imigwaqo yomjaho ye-hydrogen?
Sekukonke, i-hydrogen ingenye yezinkampani zezimoto ezihamba phambili emhlabeni ezikhetha umkhondo wesikhathi esizayo. Njengamanje, ukuguqulwa kwesakhiwo samandla kuqhuba uchungechunge lwemboni yamandla e-hydrogen emhlabeni wonke ukuthi luqale isigaba esibanzi. Esikhathini esizayo, ngokuvuthwa okuqhubekayo kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezimboni kobuchwepheshe bamaseli kaphethiloli, ukukhula okusheshayo kwesidingo esingezansi, ukwanda okuqhubekayo kokukhiqizwa kwebhizinisi kanye nesilinganiso sokumaketha, ukuvuthwa okuqhubekayo kochungechunge lokuphakelwa oluphezulu kanye nokuncintisana okuqhubekayo kwabahlanganyeli bemakethe, izindleko kanye nentengo yamaseli kaphethiloli kuzokwehla ngokushesha. Namuhla, lapho kukhuthazwa intuthuko esimeme, amandla e-hydrogen, amandla ahlanzekile, azoba nemakethe ebanzi. Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla amasha esikhathini esizayo nakanjani kuzoba ngamazinga amaningi, futhi izimoto zamandla e-hydrogen zizoqhubeka nokusheshisa ijubane lentuthuko.
Usuku lwabatshalizimali be-Tesla luka-2023 lubanjelwe eGigafactory eTexas. I-CEO ye-Tesla u-Elon Musk wethule isahluko sesithathu se-"Master Plan" ye-Tesla -- ushintsho oluphelele lwamandla azinzile, oluhlose ukufeza amandla azinzile angu-100% ngo-2050.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Mashi-13-2023