ABB yakasaina Chibvumirano Chekunzwisisana (MOU) neHydrogène de France kuti vagadzire masisitimu emafuta ane megawatt-scale anokwanisa kupa simba kungarava dzinofamba mugungwa (OGVs). Chibvumirano cheMOU pakati peABB nenyanzvi ye hydrogen technology Hydrogène de France (HDF) chinotarisira kushanda pamwe chete pakusangana nekugadzirwa kwefekitori yemagetsi emafuta ekushandisa mugungwa.
Vachivakira pakushanda pamwe chete kuripo kwakaziviswa musi wa27 Chikumi 2018 neBallard Power Systems, kambani inotungamira pasi rose mukupa mhinduro dzemaseru emafuta eproton exchange membrane (PEM), ABB neHDF vane chinangwa chekuvandudza kugona kwekugadzira maseru emafuta kuti vagadzire chiteshi chemagetsi chengarava dzemugungwa chine megawatt. Sisitimu itsva iyi ichave yakavakirwa pachiteshi chemagetsi chemasero emafuta che megawatt chakagadzirwa pamwe chete neABB neBallard, uye chichagadzirwa pachivako chitsva cheHDF muBordeaux, France.
HDF inofara zvikuru kushanda pamwe chete neABB kuunganidza nekugadzira masisitimu emafuta emugungwa ane megawatt-scale zvichibva pahunyanzvi hweBallard.
Nekuda kwekuwedzera kuri kuita mhinduro dzinogonesa kutakura zvinhu zvine hungwaru uye zvinogara kwenguva refu, tine chivimbo chekuti mafekitori emafuta achaita basa rakakosha mukubatsira indasitiri yemugungwa kuzadzisa zvinangwa zvekuderedza CO2. Kusaina MOU neHDF kunotiswededza padanho rekuita kuti tekinoroji iyi iwanikwe yekupa simba ngarava dzinofamba mugungwa.
Nekuda kwekuti ngarava ndiyo inokonzeresa kuburitswa kwemhepo inodziya pasi rose inosvika 2.5%, kune kumanikidzwa kwakawanda kuti indasitiri yezvemugungwa ichinje kuenda kumagetsi anogara kwenguva refu. Sangano reInternational Maritime Organization, iro riri sangano reUnited Nations rinoona nezvekutonga kufambiswa kwengarava, rakaisa chinangwa chepasi rose chekuderedza kuburitswa kwemhepo pagore ne50% panosvika gore ra2050 kubva padanho ra2008.
Pakati pemamwe matekinoroji asina utsi, ABB yatove yafambira mberi mukusimudzira pamwe chete masisitimu emafuta engarava. Mafuta engarava anoonekwa zvakanyanya seimwe yemhinduro dzinovimbisa kuderedza kusvibiswa kunokuvadza. Nhasi uno, tekinoroji iyi ye zero-emission inokwanisa kupa simba ngarava dzinofamba daro diki, pamwe nekutsigira zvinodiwa zvesimba rekubatsira ngarava hombe.
Chirongwa cheABB chekuchengetedza nharaunda, icho chinoita kuti maguta akachenjera, maindasitiri uye masisitimu ekufambisa zvinhu agare kwenguva refu kuderedza shanduko yemamiriro ekunze uye kuchengetedza zviwanikwa zvisingadzokororwe, chakaita 57% yemari yese muna 2019. Kambani iyi iri munzira yekusvika 60% yemari panosvika kupera kwa2020.
Izvi zvinogona kuchinja maonero angu pamusoro pekuti tekinoroji yeFC inogona kushandiswa pakutumira magwa kure. ABB neHydrogène de France vachavaka mafekitori emagetsi ane simba remamegawatt akawanda anogona kupa simba kungarava hombe (HDF yakawana simba rekutanga pasi rose muna 2019 muMartinique pachirongwa cheClearGen nekuisa nekuisa sero remafuta rine simba guru - 1 MW). Mubvunzo chete ndewekuti ungachengeta sei H2 mungarava, kwete matangi ane simba guru. Mhinduro yacho inoita seammonia kana kuti liquid organic hydrogen carrier (LOHC). LOHC ingave iri nyore. Hydrogenious muFrance neChiyoda muJapan zvatoratidza tekinoroji iyi. LOHC inogona kushandiswa zvakafanana nemafuta emvura aripo uye nzvimbo yekubvisa hydrogen mungarava inogona kupa hydrogen (tarisa peji 10 pane iyi mharidzo, https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2018/10/f56/fcto-infrastructure-workshop-2018-32-kurosaki.pdf).
Kuvaka pakushanda pamwe chete kuripo kwakaziviswa musi wa27 Chikumi 2018 neBallard Power Systems, kambani inotungamira pasi rose inopa mhinduro dzemaseru emafuta eproton exchange membrane (PEM) Saka ngarava idzi dzinofamba mugungwa dzichashandiswa nePEM fuel cells. Zvinosuwisa kuti hapana chinotaurwa nezvenzira yekuchengetedza hydrogen inoshandiswa. LOHC ingave yakanaka nekuti haina midziyo yekumanikidza kana inotonhora. Makambani maviri ari kutsvaga simba rengarava neLOHC: Hydrogenious neH2-Industries. Zvisinei, kune kurasikirwa kwesimba kwakanyanya (30%) kwakabatana nemaitiro e endothermic dehydrogenation. (Reference: https://www.motorship.com/news101/alternative-fuels/hydrogen-no-pressure,-no-chill) Chimwe chinhu chingabva pawebhusaiti yeABB yemubatanidzwa "Hydrogen on the high sea: welcome aboard!" (https://new.abb.com/news/detail/7658/hydrogen-on-the-high-seas-welcome-aboard) Vanotaura nezvehydrogen yemvura uye vanoti "nheyo huru dzakafanana kune LNG (gasi rechisikigo rakanyungudutswa) kana mamwe mafuta ane simba shoma. Tatoziva mashandisirwo egasi remvura, saka tekinoroji yacho yakanganiswa. Dambudziko guru ikozvino nderekuvandudza zvivakwa."
Ruzivo rwandakawana mumakore apfuura ekutyaira BEV haruna kumboenzaniswa. Kugadzirisa chete kwandakaitwa kwakaitwa sezvakataurwa neOEM nematayi akasakara. Hazvina kuenzaniswa zvachose neICE drive. Ndaifanira kunyatsotarisa nguva yekupera mushure mekuchaja kuti ndidzivise matambudziko andaisambosangana nawo. Zvisinei, ndinogamuchira nemwoyo wese kuwedzera kwe2 kusvika ku3x yezvinogoneka parizvino. Kureruka, kunyarara uye kushanda zvakanaka kwe electric drive hazvikundike kana zvichienzaniswa neICE. Mushure mekushambidzwa kwemota, ICE ichiri kunhuwa panguva yekushanda; BEV haimboiti - kwete pamberi kana mushure. Handidi ICE. Ndinofunga kuti yaita basa rayo uye yakakuvara zvakakwana. Ingoirega ichifa uye ipe nzvimbo yekutsiva inopfuura yakakodzera. RIP ICE
Nguva yekutumira: Chivabvu-02-2020