I-ABB isayine iMemorandamu Yokuqonda (MOU) ne-Hydrogène de France yokukhiqiza izinhlelo zamaseli kaphethiloli ezilingana nama-megawatt ezikwazi ukunika amandla imikhumbi ehamba olwandle (ama-OGV). I-MOU phakathi kwe-ABB nochwepheshe bezobuchwepheshe be-hydrogen i-Hydrogène de France (HDF) ihlose ukubambisana okuseduze ekuhlanganisweni nasekukhiqizweni kwesitshalo samandla samaseli kaphethiloli sezinhlelo zokusebenza zasolwandle.
Ngokwakhela ekubambisaneni okukhona okwamenyezelwa ngomhlaka-27 Juni 2018 neBallard Power Systems, umhlinzeki ohamba phambili emhlabeni wonke wezixazululo zamaseli kaphethiloli we-proton exchange membrane (PEM), i-ABB ne-HDF zihlose ukuthuthukisa amakhono okukhiqiza amaseli kaphethiloli ukuze kukhiqizwe isitshalo samandla esikali sama-megawatt semikhumbi yasolwandle. Uhlelo olusha luzosekelwe esitshalweni samandla kaphethiloli esikali sama-megawatt esakhiwe ngokubambisana yi-ABB neBallard, futhi sizokhiqizwa esikhungweni esisha se-HDF eBordeaux, eFrance.
I-HDF ijabule kakhulu ukubambisana ne-ABB ukuhlanganisa nokukhiqiza izinhlelo zamaseli kaphethiloli ezikala ama-megawatt emakethe yasolwandle ngokusekelwe kubuchwepheshe beBallard.
Njengoba isidingo esikhulayo sezixazululo ezivumela ukuthunyelwa kwemikhumbi okusimeme nokunomthwalo wemfanelo, siyaqiniseka ukuthi amaseli kaphethiloli azodlala indima ebalulekile ekusizeni imboni yasolwandle ukuthi ihlangabezane nemigomo yokunciphisa i-CO2. Ukusayina i-MOU ne-HDF kusisondeza ekwenzeni lobu buchwepheshe butholakale ukuze kunikwe amandla imikhumbi ehamba olwandle.
Njengoba ukuthunyelwa kwemikhumbi kunomthelela cishe ku-2.5% wokukhishwa kwamagesi okushisa umhlaba wonke, kunengcindezi eyengeziwe embonini yezolwandle ukuthi ishintshele emithonjeni yamandla esimeme kakhudlwana. I-International Maritime Organisation, inhlangano yeZizwe Ezihlangene ephethe ukulawula ukuthunyelwa kwemikhumbi, ibeke umgomo womhlaba wonke wokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwegesi minyaka yonke okungenani ngo-50% ngo-2050 kusukela emazingeni ka-2008.
Phakathi kobuchwepheshe obuhlukile obungenazo izisi ezikhipha umoya, i-ABB isivele ithuthuke kakhulu ekuthuthukisweni ngokubambisana kwezinhlelo zamaseli kaphethiloli emikhumbi. Amaseli kaphethiloli abhekwa kabanzi njengenye yezixazululo ezithembisayo kakhulu zokunciphisa ukungcola okuyingozi. Kakade namuhla, lobu buchwepheshe obungenazisi zisikwazi ukunika amandla imikhumbi ehamba amabanga amafushane, kanye nokusekela izidingo zamandla ezisizayo zemikhumbi emikhulu.
Iphothifoliyo ye-ABB yokusebenzisa kahle imvelo, evumela amadolobha ahlakaniphile azinzile, izimboni kanye nezinhlelo zokuthutha ukunciphisa ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu nokulondoloza izinsiza ezingavuseleleki, idale u-57% wemali engenayo iyonke ngo-2019. Le nkampani isendleleni yokufinyelela ku-60% yemali engenayo ekupheleni kuka-2020.
Lokhu kungashintsha umbono wami mayelana nobuchwepheshe be-FC obungenzeka ezinhlotsheni zokuthumela ezikude. I-ABB kanye ne-Hydrogène de France bazokwakha iziteshi zamandla ezinobukhulu obungama-megawatt amaningi ezinganikeza amandla emikhunjini emikhulu (i-HDF yathola umhlaba okokuqala ngo-2019 eMartinique kuphrojekthi ye-ClearGen ngokufakwa nokuqaliswa kweseli likaphethiloli elinamandla aphezulu - 1 MW). Umbuzo kuphela ukuthi ungayigcina kanjani i-H2 ebhodini, ngokuqinisekile hhayi amathangi anomfutho ophezulu. Impendulo ibukeka njenge-ammonia noma i-liquid organic hydrogen carrier (LOHC). I-LOHC ingaba elula kakhulu. I-Hydrogenious eFrance kanye ne-Chiyoda eJapan sezivele zibonise ubuchwepheshe. I-LOHC ingaphathwa ngendlela efanayo namafutha kaphethiloli amanje futhi indawo yokukhipha i-hydrogen encane emkhunjini ingahlinzeka nge-hydrogen (bheka ikhasi 10 kulesi sethulo, https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2018/10/f56/fcto-infrastructure-workshop-2018-32-kurosaki.pdf).
Ukwakha ukubambisana okukhona okwamenyezelwa ngomhlaka-27 Juni 2018 neBallard Power Systems, umhlinzeki ohamba phambili womhlaba wonke wezixazululo zamaseli kaphethiloli we-proton exchange membrane (PEM) Ngakho-ke lezi zikebhe ezihamba olwandle zizonikwa amandla ngamaseli kaphethiloli e-PEM. Ngeshwa, akukho okubhekiselwe endleleni yokugcina i-hydrogen esetshenzisiwe. I-LOHC ingaba yinhle ngoba ayinayo ingcindezi noma imikhumbi ebandayo. Izinkampani ezimbili zibheka ukunikezwa kwamandla emikhumbi nge-LOHC: Izimboni ze-Hydrogenious kanye ne-H2. Kodwa-ke, kukhona ukulahlekelwa kwamandla okuphezulu (30%) okuhlobene nenqubo yokukhishwa kwe-endothermic. (Inkomba: https://www.motorship.com/news101/alternative-fuels/hydrogen-no-pressure,-no-chill) Inkomba eyodwa ingavela kuwebhusayithi ye-ABB ebambisene nayo ethi “Hydrogen on the high sea: welcome towards!” (https://new.abb.com/news/detail/7658/hydrogen-on-the-high-seas-welcome-aboard) Bakhuluma nge-hydrogen ewuketshezi futhi baveza ukuthi "izimiso eziyisisekelo ziyafana nge-LNG (igesi yemvelo ewuketshezi) noma amanye amafutha aphansi e-flashpoint. Sesivele siyazi ukuthi singaphatha kanjani igesi ewuketshezi, ngakho-ke ubuchwepheshe buphazamisekile. Inselele yangempela manje ukuthuthukisa ingqalasizinda."
Okuhlangenwe nakho engikutholile eminyakeni embalwa edlule ngishayela i-BEV akunakuqhathaniswa. Ukulungiswa okuwukuphela okwenziwe kwaba njengoba kuchazwe yi-OEM namathayi agugile. Akukho nhlobo ukuqhathaniswa ne-ICE drive. Kuye kwadingeka nginake kakhulu ibanga eliphelelwa yisikhathi ngemva kweseshini yokushaja ukuze ngigweme izinkinga ezilandelayo engingakaze ngizibone. Kodwa-ke, ngingakwamukela ngobuqotho ukwanda kobubanzi obuphindwe kabili kuya kathathu kwalokho okufinyelelekayo njengamanje. Ubulula, ukuthula kanye nokusebenza kahle kwe-electric drive akunakunqotshwa nhlobo uma kuqhathaniswa ne-ICE. Ngemva kokuwasha imoto, i-ICE isanuka ngesikhathi sokusebenza; i-BEV ayikaze ikwenze lokho - kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ingaphambili noma ngemva kwalokho. Angiyidingi i-ICE. Ngicabanga ukuthi yenze umsebenzi wayo futhi inomonakalo owanele. Yiyeke ife bese yenza indawo yokushintshwa okungaphezu kokufanele. RIP ICE
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Meyi-02-2020