I-ABB ityikitye iMemorandam yokuQondana (MOU) neHydrogène de France ukuze yenze iinkqubo zeeseli zamafutha ezikwizinga leemegawatt ezidibeneyo ezikwaziyo ukunika amandla iinqanawa ezihamba elwandle (ii-OGV). I-MOU phakathi kwe-ABB kunye nengcali yezobuchwepheshe be-hydrogen iHydrogène de France (HDF) icinga ngentsebenziswano esondeleyo ekuhlanganiseni nasekuveliseni isikhululo samandla seeseli zamafutha kwizicelo zaselwandle.
Ukwakha intsebenziswano ekhoyo eyabhengezwa ngomhla wama-27 kweyeSilimela ngo-2018 kunye neBallard Power Systems, umboneleli ophambili kwihlabathi jikelele wezisombululo zeeseli zamafutha zeproton exchange membrane (PEM), i-ABB kunye ne-HDF ziceba ukuphucula amandla okuvelisa iiseli zamafutha ukuvelisa isityalo samandla esikaliwe se-megawatt kwiinqanawa zaselwandle. Inkqubo entsha iya kusekelwa kwisityalo samandla esikaliwe se-megawatt esakhiwe ngokudibeneyo yi-ABB kunye neBallard, kwaye iya kuveliswa kwisakhiwo esitsha se-HDF eBordeaux, eFransi.
I-HDF inomdla kakhulu wokusebenzisana ne-ABB ukuhlanganisa nokuvelisa iinkqubo zeeseli zamafutha ezikwi-megawatt kwimarike yaselwandle ngokusekelwe kubuchwepheshe beBallard.
Ngenxa yemfuno ekhulayo yezisombululo ezivumela ukuthunyelwa kwenqanawa okuzinzileyo nokunoxanduva, siqinisekile ukuba iiseli zamafutha ziya kudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuncedeni imboni yaselwandle ukuba ihlangabezane neenjongo zokunciphisa i-CO2. Ukusayina i-MOU ne-HDF kusisondeza ekwenzeni obu buchwephesha bufumaneke ukuze kunikwe amandla iinqanawa ezihamba elwandle.
Njengoko ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kunoxanduva lokukhupha malunga ne-2.5% yegesi ezikhutshwayo emhlabeni, kukho uxinzelelo olukhulayo kwishishini leenqanawa ukuba litshintshele kwimithombo yamandla ezinzileyo ngakumbi. I-International Maritime Organisation, i-arhente yeZizwe eziManyeneyo enoxanduva lokulawula ukuthunyelwa kwempahla, ibeke umgomo wehlabathi wokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwempahla minyaka le ngama-50% ubuncinane ngo-2050 ukusuka kumanqanaba ka-2008.
Phakathi kwezinye iindlela zobuchwepheshe ezingenayo igesi ephuma kwiinqanawa, i-ABB sele iphucuke kakhulu kuphuhliso oludibeneyo lweenkqubo zeeseli zepetroli kwiinqanawa. Iiseli zepetroli zithathwa njengenye yezisombululo ezithembisayo zokunciphisa ungcoliseko oluyingozi. Namhlanje, obu buchwepheshe be-zero-emission buyakwazi ukunika amandla iinqanawa ezihamba umgama omfutshane, kunye nokuxhasa iimfuno zamandla ezincedisayo kwiinqanawa ezinkulu.
Ipotifoliyo ye-ABB yokusebenzisa kakuhle indalo, evumela izixeko ezikrelekrele ezizinzileyo, amashishini kunye neenkqubo zothutho ukuba zinciphise utshintsho lwemozulu kwaye zilondoloze izixhobo ezingavuselelekiyo, zibangele i-57% yengeniso iyonke ngo-2019. Le nkampani isendleleni yokufikelela kwi-60% yengeniso ekupheleni kuka-2020.
Oku kusenokutshintsha umbono wam malunga nokuba i-FC tech inokwenzeka kwizicelo zokuhambisa iinqanawa ezikude. I-ABB kunye ne-Hydrogène de France baza kwakha izitishi zamandla ezinobukhulu be-megawatt ezininzi ezinokunika amandla iinqanawa ezinkulu (i-HDF yafumana ihlabathi okokuqala ngo-2019 eMartinique kwiprojekthi ye-ClearGen ngokufakela nokuqalisa iseli yamafutha enamandla aphezulu - i-1 MW). Umbuzo kuphela kukuba ungayigcina njani i-H2 ebhodini, ngokuqinisekileyo kungekhona iitanki zoxinzelelo oluphezulu. Impendulo ibonakala njenge-ammonia okanye i-liquid organic hydrogen carrier (LOHC). I-LOHC isenokuba yeyona ilula. I-Hydrogenious eFransi kunye ne-Chiyoda eJapan sele zibonakalise ubuchwepheshe. I-LOHC inokuphathwa ngendlela efanayo namafutha olwelo akhoyo kwaye indawo yokukhupha i-hydrogen encinci enqanawani inokubonelela nge-hydrogen (jonga iphepha le-10 kule ntetho, https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2018/10/f56/fcto-infrastructure-workshop-2018-32-kurosaki.pdf).
Ukwakha intsebenziswano ekhoyo eyabhengezwa nge-27 kaJuni 2018 kunye neBallard Power Systems, umboneleli ophambili kwihlabathi jikelele wezisombululo zeeseli zamafutha zeproton exchange membrane (PEM) Ngoko ke ezi nqanawa zihamba elwandle ziya kusetyenziswa ziiseli zamafutha zePEM. Ngelishwa, akukho nkcazelo ngendlela yokugcina ihydrogen esetyenzisiweyo. I-LOHC ingaba ntle kuba ayinazo iinqanawa zoxinzelelo okanye ezibandayo. Iinkampani ezimbini zijonge ukunika amandla iinqanawa nge-LOHC: I-Hydrogenious kunye ne-H2-Industries. Nangona kunjalo, kukho ilahleko ephezulu yamandla (30%) enxulunyaniswa nenkqubo yokukhupha ihydrogen e-endothermic. (Isalathiso: https://www.motorship.com/news101/alternative-fuels/hydrogen-no-pressure,-no-chill) Ingcaciso enye ingavela kwiwebhusayithi ye-ABB esebenzisana nayo ethi “Hydrogen on the high sea: wamkelekile ebhanoyini!” (https://new.abb.com/news/detail/7658/hydrogen-on-the-high-seas-welcome-aboard) Bakhankanya i-hydrogen engamanzi baze bathi "imigaqo esisiseko iyafana kwi-LNG (igesi yendalo enyibilikisiweyo) okanye ezinye iifutha ezisezantsi. Sele sisazi indlela yokuphatha igesi engamanzi, ngoko ke ubuchwepheshe buqhekeziwe. Umngeni wokwenene ngoku kukuphuhlisa iziseko zophuhliso."
Amava endiwafumene kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo ndiqhuba i-BEV akanakuthelekiswa nanto. Ukulungiswa okwenzekileyo kuphela njengoko kuchaziwe yi-OEM kunye namatayara agugileyo. Akukho kuthelekiswa ne-ICE drive. Kuye kwafuneka ndinikele ingqalelo engakumbi kuluhlu oluphelelwa lixesha emva kweseshoni yokutshaja ukuze ndiphephe ingxaki elandelayo endingazange ndiyibone. Nangona kunjalo, ndingayamkela ngokunyanisekileyo ukunyuka koluhlu lwe-2 ukuya kwi-3x koko kunokwenzeka ngoku. Ubulula, ukuzola kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwe-electric drive akunakunqotshwa ngokupheleleyo xa kuthelekiswa ne-ICE. Emva kokuhlamba imoto, i-ICE isanuka ngexesha lokusebenza; i-BEV ayikaze iyenze loo nto - nokuba ngaphambi okanye emva koko. Andiyidingi i-ICE. Ndicinga ukuba yenze umsebenzi wayo kwaye yonakele ngokwaneleyo. Yiyeke ife kwaye yenze indawo yokutshintshwa okungaphezulu kokufanelekileyo. RIP ICE
Ixesha lokuthumela: Meyi-02-2020